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Literature summary for 1.1.1.16 extracted from

  • Mojzita, D.; Koivistoinen, O.M.; Maaheimo, H.; Penttilae, M.; Ruohonen, L.; Richard, P.
    Identification of the galactitol dehydrogenase, LadB, that is part of the oxido-reductive D-galactose catabolic pathway in Aspergillus niger (2012), Fungal Genet. Biol., 49, 152-159.
    View publication on PubMed

Cloned(Commentary)

Cloned (Comment) Organism
gene lad1, expression of C-terminally His6-tagged enzyme in Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3) Trichoderma reesei
gene ladB, orf JGI183900, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, expression of C-terminally His6-tagged enzyme in Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3), functional expression of gene ladB under the lac promoter, functional co-expression of Aspergillus niger wild-type and C-terminally His6-tagged LadB and LadA, encoding L-arabitol dehydrogenae, in Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain CEN.PK2-1D Aspergillus niger

Protein Variants

Protein Variants Comment Organism
additional information construction of ladBDELTA enzyme-deficient Aspergillus niger strains Aspergillus niger
additional information construction of ladBDELTA enzyme-deficient Aspergillus niger strains Trichoderma reesei

KM Value [mM]

KM Value [mM] KM Value Maximum [mM] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
1
-
L-arabitol pH and temperature not specified in the publication Trichoderma reesei
55
-
L-arabitol pH and temperature not specified in the publication Aspergillus niger
200
-
galactitol about, pH and temperature not specified in the publication Aspergillus niger
200
-
galactitol about, pH and temperature not specified in the publication Trichoderma reesei

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
galactitol + NAD+ Aspergillus niger
-
L-xylo-3-hexulose + NADH + H+
-
r
galactitol + NAD+ Trichoderma reesei L-xylo-3-hexulose is a product of the Lad1 reaction in the alternative D-galactose pathway in Trichoderma reesei L-xylo-3-hexulose + NADH + H+
-
r
galactitol + NAD+ Aspergillus niger ATCC 1015, CBS 113.46
-
L-xylo-3-hexulose + NADH + H+
-
r
galactitol + NAD+ Trichoderma reesei QM6a L-xylo-3-hexulose is a product of the Lad1 reaction in the alternative D-galactose pathway in Trichoderma reesei L-xylo-3-hexulose + NADH + H+
-
r
L-arabitol + NAD+ Trichoderma reesei Lad1 is also active in the L-arabinose pathway as the L-arabitol-4-dehydrogenase L-xylulose + NADH + H+
-
r
L-arabitol + NAD+ Trichoderma reesei QM6a Lad1 is also active in the L-arabinose pathway as the L-arabitol-4-dehydrogenase L-xylulose + NADH + H+
-
r

Organism

Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
Aspergillus niger
-
gene ladB
-
Aspergillus niger ATCC 1015, CBS 113.46
-
gene ladB
-
Trichoderma reesei
-
gene lad1
-
Trichoderma reesei QM6a
-
gene lad1
-

Purification (Commentary)

Purification (Comment) Organism
recombinant C-terminally His6-tagged LadB from Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain CEN.PK2-1D by nickel affinity chromatography Aspergillus niger

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
galactitol + NAD+
-
Aspergillus niger L-xylo-3-hexulose + NADH + H+
-
r
galactitol + NAD+
-
Aspergillus niger L-xylo-3-hexulose + NADH + H+ HPLC and NMR product analyses r
galactitol + NAD+
-
Trichoderma reesei L-xylo-3-hexulose + NADH + H+ HPLC and NMR product analyses r
galactitol + NAD+ L-xylo-3-hexulose is a product of the Lad1 reaction in the alternative D-galactose pathway in Trichoderma reesei Trichoderma reesei L-xylo-3-hexulose + NADH + H+
-
r
galactitol + NAD+
-
Aspergillus niger ATCC 1015, CBS 113.46 L-xylo-3-hexulose + NADH + H+
-
r
galactitol + NAD+
-
Aspergillus niger ATCC 1015, CBS 113.46 L-xylo-3-hexulose + NADH + H+ HPLC and NMR product analyses r
galactitol + NAD+
-
Trichoderma reesei QM6a L-xylo-3-hexulose + NADH + H+ HPLC and NMR product analyses r
galactitol + NAD+ L-xylo-3-hexulose is a product of the Lad1 reaction in the alternative D-galactose pathway in Trichoderma reesei Trichoderma reesei QM6a L-xylo-3-hexulose + NADH + H+
-
r
L-arabitol + NAD+
-
Trichoderma reesei L-xylulose + NADH + H+
-
r
L-arabitol + NAD+ Lad1 is also active in the L-arabinose pathway as the L-arabitol-4-dehydrogenase Trichoderma reesei L-xylulose + NADH + H+
-
r
L-arabitol + NAD+
-
Trichoderma reesei QM6a L-xylulose + NADH + H+
-
r
L-arabitol + NAD+ Lad1 is also active in the L-arabinose pathway as the L-arabitol-4-dehydrogenase Trichoderma reesei QM6a L-xylulose + NADH + H+
-
r
L-arabitol + NAD+
-
Aspergillus niger ? + NADH + H+
-
r
L-arabitol + NAD+
-
Aspergillus niger ATCC 1015, CBS 113.46 ? + NADH + H+
-
r
additional information the enzyme is also active with ribitol, xylitol, and to a lesser extent with D-sorbitol. No activity with mannitol and D-arabitol Aspergillus niger ?
-
?
additional information the enzyme is also active with ribitol, xylitol, and to a lesser extent with D-sorbitol. No activity with mannitol and D-arabitol Trichoderma reesei ?
-
?
additional information the enzyme is also active with ribitol, xylitol, and to a lesser extent with D-sorbitol. No activity with mannitol and D-arabitol Aspergillus niger ATCC 1015, CBS 113.46 ?
-
?
additional information the enzyme is also active with ribitol, xylitol, and to a lesser extent with D-sorbitol. No activity with mannitol and D-arabitol Trichoderma reesei QM6a ?
-
?

Synonyms

Synonyms Comment Organism
galactitol dehydrogenase
-
Aspergillus niger
Lad1
-
Trichoderma reesei
LadB
-
Aspergillus niger

Cofactor

Cofactor Comment Organism Structure
NAD+ dependent on Aspergillus niger
NAD+ dependent on Trichoderma reesei
NADH dependent on Aspergillus niger
NADH dependent on Trichoderma reesei

Expression

Organism Comment Expression
Trichoderma reesei gene lad1 is induced in response to L-arabinose, D-galactose, and galactitol up
Aspergillus niger gene ladB is induced in response to D-galactose and galactitol up

General Information

General Information Comment Organism
evolution LadB belongs to the medium-chain dehydrogenases Aspergillus niger
malfunction deletion of ladB in Aspergillus niger results in growth arrest on galactitol and significantly slower growth on D-galactose supplemented with a small amount of D-xylose. D-Galactose alone cannot be utilised by Aspergillus niger and the addition of D-xylose stimulates growth on D-galactose via transcriptional activation of the D-xylose-inducible reductase gene, xyrA Aspergillus niger
metabolism LadB catalyzes a step in the oxido-reductive pathway for D-galactose catabolism in filamentous fungi, overview Aspergillus niger