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Information on EC 3.6.1.45 - UDP-sugar diphosphatase and Organism(s) Homo sapiens
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3.6.1.45 UDP-sugar diphosphataseIUBMB Comments
A divalent cation is required for activity. UDP-sugar is the best substrate, although other nucleoside-sugar diphosphates are used as substrates with similar Km values but much lower maximum velocities. Thus, this enzyme has a specificity distinct from that of ADP-sugar diphosphatase (EC 3.6.1.21). Some but not all enzymes of this class also appear to have 5'-nucleotidase (see EC 3.1.3.5) activity.
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Word Map
- 3.6.1.45
- cholera
- clostridium
- difficile
-
retrograde
- mucosal
-
diarrhea
- iga
- rho
- gm1
-
tracer
- tcda
- ganglioside
-
stool
-
toxigenic
- colitis
-
innervation
-
afferent
- gtpases
-
anterograde
-
intranasal
-
tracing
-
difficile-associated
-
nosocomial
- cdc42
-
cytotoxin
- botulinum
-
pseudomembranous
-
antibiotic-associated
-
rostral
- enterotoxin
- sordellii
-
cytolethal
- toxoid
-
intermediolateral
- clostridioides
-
parabrachial
-
parvicellular
-
leucoagglutinin
-
antibody-secreting
-
ventrolateral
-
enterotoxigenic
-
transganglionic
- antitoxin
-
ribotype
-
pentameric
-
tract-tracing
-
fluoro-gold
-
holotoxin
-
non-toxigenic
-
preganglionic
The taxonomic range for the selected organisms is: Homo sapiens
The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Bacteria, Archaea, Eukaryota
The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Bacteria, Archaea, Eukaryota
Synonyms
toxin b, udp-sugar hydrolase, udp-glucose pyrophosphatase, ugppase, udp-sugar diphosphatase, udp-sugar pyrophosphatase, ushb protein, udpg pyrophosphatase, 
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SYNONYM 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
hydrolase, uridine diphosphoglucose (Escherichia coli precursor reduced)
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hydrolase, uridine diphosphoglucose (Escherichia coli reduced)
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hydrolase, uridine diphosphoglucose (Salmonella typhimurium clone pAGS5 gene ushB isoenzyme reduced)
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hydrolase, uridine diphosphoglucose (Salmonella typhimurium gene ushA0 isoenzyme precursor reduced)
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hydrolase, uridine diphosphoglucose (Salmonella typhimurium gene ushA0 isoenzyme reduced)
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nucleosidediphosphate-sugar diphosphatase
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nucleosidediphosphate-sugar pyrophosphatase
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-
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UDP-sugar diphosphatase
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UDP-sugar hydrolase
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UDP-sugar pyrophosphatase
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REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
hydrolysis of diphosphate bonds
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-
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-
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
UDP-sugar sugarphosphohydrolase
A divalent cation is required for activity. UDP-sugar is the best substrate, although other nucleoside-sugar diphosphates are used as substrates with similar Km values but much lower maximum velocities. Thus, this enzyme has a specificity distinct from that of ADP-sugar diphosphatase (EC 3.6.1.21). Some but not all enzymes of this class also appear to have 5'-nucleotidase (see EC 3.1.3.5) activity.
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CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY
103716-25-2
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103716-25-2
hydrolase, uridine diphosphoglucose (Escherichia coli precursor reduced)
103716-26-3
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103716-26-3
hydrolase, uridine diphosphoglucose (Escherichia coli reduced)
106528-92-1
hydrolase, uridine diphosphoglucose (Salmonella typhimurium gene ushA0 isoenzyme precursor reduced)
106528-93-2
hydrolase, uridine diphosphoglucose (Salmonella typhimurium gene ushA0 isoenzyme reduced)
127497-57-8
hydrolase, uridine diphosphoglucose (Salmonella typhimurium clone pAGS5 gene ushB isoenzyme reduced)
57127-20-5
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
ADP-glucose + H2O
AMP + alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate
15% of the activity with UDP-glucose
-
-
?
ADP-ribose + H2O
AMP + alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate
best substrate, 130% of the activity with UDP-glucose
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-
?
CDP-glucose + H2O
CMP + alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate
3% of the activity with UDP-glucose
-
-
?
GDP-glucose + H2O
GMP + alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate
10% of the activity with UDP-glucose
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-
?
UDP-glucose + H2O
UMP + alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate
hydrolysis of the precursor molecule of numerous glycosylation reactions in animals, to produce glucose 1-phosphate and UMP
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-
?
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NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
UDP-glucose + H2O
UMP + alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate
hydrolysis of the precursor molecule of numerous glycosylation reactions in animals, to produce glucose 1-phosphate and UMP
-
-
?
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METALS and IONS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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DISEASE
TITLE OF PUBLICATION
LINK TO PUBMED
Alveolar Bone Loss
Induction of immune responses and prevention of alveolar bone loss by intranasal administration of mice with Porphyromonas gingivalis fimbriae and recombinant cholera toxin B subunit.
Alzheimer Disease
Oral administration of a fusion protein between the cholera toxin B subunit and the 42-amino acid isoform of amyloid-? peptide produced in silkworm pupae protects against Alzheimer's disease in mice.
Alzheimer Disease
Oral delivery of bioencapsulated proteins across blood-brain and blood-retinal barriers.
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Botulinum toxin B ultrasound-guided injections for sialorrhea in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Parkinson's disease.
Anaphylaxis
Plant-based oral tolerance to hemophilia therapy employs a complex immune regulatory response including LAP+CD4+ T cells.
Anthrax
Cytolethal distending toxin B as a cell-killing component of tumor-targeted anthrax toxin fusion proteins.
Anthrax
Cytotoxicity of Clostridium difficile toxins A and B requires an active and functional SREBP-2 pathway.
Anthrax
Mutant anthrax toxin B moiety (protective antigen) inhibits angiogenesis and tumor growth.
Anthrax
The host cell chaperone Hsp90 is essential for translocation of the binary Clostridium botulinum C2 toxin into the cytosol.
Arthritis, Experimental
Treatment of experimental autoimmune arthritis by nasal administration of a type II collagen-cholera toxoid conjugate vaccine.
Ascariasis
Human infection with Ascaris lumbricoides is associated with suppression of the interleukin-2 response to recombinant cholera toxin B subunit following vaccination with the live oral cholera vaccine CVD 103-HgR.
Atherosclerosis
Assessment of Carrot Callus as Biofactories of an Atherosclerosis Oral Vaccine Prototype.
Atherosclerosis
B cells treated with CTB-p210 acquire a regulatory phenotype in vitro and reduce atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E deficient mice.
Atherosclerosis
Production of a plant-derived immunogenic protein targeting ApoB100 and CETP: toward a plant-based atherosclerosis vaccine.
Autoimmune Diseases
Cholera toxin B pretreatment of macrophages and monocytes diminishes their proinflammatory responsiveness to lipopolysaccharide.
Autoimmune Diseases
Cholera toxin B subunit modulation of mucosal vaccines for infectious and autoimmune diseases.
Autoimmune Diseases
Food plant-delivered cholera toxin B subunit for vaccination and immunotolerization.
Autoimmune Diseases
Restraint of proinflammatory cytokine biosynthesis by mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1 in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages.
Autonomic Dysreflexia
Autonomic dysreflexia, induced by noxious or innocuous stimulation, does not depend on changes in dorsal horn substance p.
Bacterial Infections
Anti-bacterial and anti-toxic immunity induced by a killed whole-cell-cholera toxin B subunit cholera vaccine is essential for protection against lethal bacterial infection in mouse pulmonary cholera model.
Bacterial Infections
Identification of a bacterial inhibitor of protein kinases. Mechanism and role in host cell invasion.
Behcet Syndrome
Oral tolerization with peptide 336-351 linked to cholera toxin B subunit in preventing relapses of uveitis in Behcet's disease.
Botulism
Recombination and insertion events involving the botulinum neurotoxin complex genes in Clostridium botulinum types A, B, E and F and Clostridium butyricum type E strains.
Botulism
Retargeting Clostridium difficile Toxin B to Neuronal Cells as a Potential Vehicle for Cytosolic Delivery of Therapeutic Biomolecules to Treat Botulism.
Breast Neoplasms
Clostridium difficile toxin B recombinant protein inhibits tumor growth and induces apoptosis through inhibiting Bcl-2 expression, triggering inflammatory responses and activating C-erbB-2 and Cox-2 expression in breast cancer mouse model.
Breast Neoplasms
The effect of CTB on P53 protein acetylation and consequence apoptosis on MCF-7 and MRC-5 cell lines.
Carcinoma
Delivery of cytolethal distending toxin B induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in gingival squamous cell carcinoma in vitro.
Carcinoma
Recombinant Clostridium difficile toxin B induces endoplasmic reticulum stress in mouse colonal carcinoma cells.
Carcinoma
Synergy of Radiotherapy and a Cancer Vaccine for the Treatment of HPV-Associated Head and Neck Cancer.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular
Combination therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma by DNA shuffling-based VEGF vaccine and doxorubicin.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell
Delivery of cytolethal distending toxin B induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in gingival squamous cell carcinoma in vitro.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell
Synergy of Radiotherapy and a Cancer Vaccine for the Treatment of HPV-Associated Head and Neck Cancer.
Cardiotoxicity
Identification of Clostridium difficile toxin B cardiotoxicity using a zebrafish embryo model of intoxication.
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Clinically significant placebo analgesic response in a pilot trial of botulinum B in patients with hand pain and carpal tunnel syndrome.
Celiac Disease
AGA Technical Review on the Evaluation of Functional Diarrhea and Diarrhea-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Adults (IBS-D).
Central Nervous System Diseases
Loop 2 of Ophiophagus hannah Toxin b Binds with Neuronal Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors and Enhances Intracranial Drug Delivery.
Cerebral Palsy
Severe Dysphagia after botulinum toxin B injection to the lower limbs and lumbar paraspinal muscles.
Cerebral Palsy
Successful treatment of drooling in children with neurological disorders with botulinum toxin A or B.
Cholera
A afferent fibers are involved in the pathology of central changes in the spinal dorsal horn associated with myofascial trigger spots in rats.
Cholera
A centrifugal pathway to the mouse accessory olfactory bulb from the medial amygdala conveys gender-specific volatile pheromonal signals.
Cholera
A cholera outbreak of the Vibrio cholerae O1 El Tor variant carrying classical CtxB in northeastern Thailand in 2007.
Cholera
A cholera toxoid-insulin conjugate as an oral vaccine against spontaneous autoimmune diabetes.
Cholera
A cloning vector for efficient generation of cholera toxin B gene fusions for epitope screening.
Cholera
A comparison of natural and recombinant cholera toxin B subunit as stimulatory factors in intranasal immunization.
Cholera
A di-synaptic projection from the lateral cerebellar nucleus to the laterodorsal part of the striatum via the central lateral nucleus of the thalamus in the rat.
Cholera
A direct main olfactory bulb projection to the 'vomeronasal' amygdala in female mice selectively responds to volatile pheromones from males.
Cholera
A distinct class of endosome mediates clathrin-independent endocytosis to the Golgi complex.
Cholera
A fast method for the quantitative estimation of the distribution of hydrophobic and hydrophilic segments in alpha-helices of membrane proteins.
Cholera
A fast, simple and sensitive method for the detection and quantification of detergent-resistant membranes.
Cholera
A fluorescent glycolipid-binding peptide probe traces cholesterol dependent microdomain-derived trafficking pathways.
Cholera
A fluorescent sphingolipid binding domain peptide probe interacts with sphingolipids and cholesterol-dependent raft domains.
Cholera
A functional antigen in a practical crop: LT-B producing maize protects mice against Escherichia coli heat labile enterotoxin (LT) and cholera toxin (CT).
Cholera
A hybrid toxin containing fragment A from diphtheria toxin linked to the B protomer of cholera toxin.
Cholera
A hydrogel engineered to deliver minocycline locally to the injured cervical spinal cord protects respiratory neural circuitry and preserves diaphragm function.
Cholera
A lack of antibody formation against inactivated influenza virus after aerosol vaccination in presence or absence of adjuvantia.
Cholera
A large cholera outbreak due to a new cholera toxin variant of the Vibrio cholerae O1 El Tor biotype in Orissa, Eastern India.
Cholera
A large study on immunological response to a whole-cell killed oral cholera vaccine reveals that there are significant geographical differences in response and that O blood group individuals do not elicit a higher response.
Cholera
A light and electron microscopic analysis of the convergent retinal and visual cortical projections to the nucleus of the optic tract (NOT) in the pigmented rat.
Cholera
A method for the generation of combinatorial antibody libraries using pIX phage display.
Cholera
A method to screen T lymphocyte epitopes after oral immunisation of humans: application to cholera toxin B subunit.
Cholera
A microinjection technique for targeting regions of embryonic and neonatal mouse brain in vivo.
Cholera
A modified cholera toxin B subunit containing an ER retention motif enhances colon epithelial repair via an unfolded protein response.
Cholera
A mucosally administered recombinant fusion protein vaccine against schistosomiasis protecting against immunopathology and infection.
Cholera
A mutant cholera toxin B subunit that binds GM1- ganglioside but lacks immunomodulatory or toxic activity.
Cholera
A novel assay method for glycosphingolipid deacylase by enzyme-linked immunochemical detection of lysoglycosphingolipid.
Cholera
A novel design of a multi-antigenic, multistage and multi-epitope vaccine against Helicobacter pylori: An in silico approach.
Cholera
A novel fluorescent retrograde neural tracer: cholera toxin B conjugated carbon dots.
Cholera
A novel heptasialosyl c-series ganglioside in embryonic chicken brain: its structure and stage-specific expression.
Cholera
A novel method for the rational construction of well-defined immunogens: the use of oximation to conjugate cholera toxin B subunit to a peptide-polyoxime complex.
Cholera
A novel mucosal vaccine against foot-and-mouth disease virus induces protection in mice and swine.
Cholera
A Novel Rat Model with Long Range Optic Nerve Injury to Study Retinal Ganglion Cells Endogenous Regeneration.
Cholera
A pathway for predation in the brain of the barn owl (Tyto alba): projections of the gracile nucleus to the "claw area" of the rostral wulst via the dorsal thalamus.
Cholera
A plant-based cholera toxin B subunit-insulin fusion protein protects against the development of autoimmune diabetes.
Cholera
A population of large lamina I projection neurons with selective inhibitory input in rat spinal cord.
Cholera
A quantitative correlation of substance P-, calcitonin gene-related peptide- and cholecystokinin-like immunoreactivity with retrogradely labeled trigeminal ganglion cells innervating the eye.
Cholera
A quantitative profile of the synapses on the stellate cell body and axon in the cochlear nucleus of the chinchilla.
Cholera
A quantitative study of spinothalamic neurons in laminae I, III, and IV in lumbar and cervical segments of the rat spinal cord.
Cholera
A secretion expression system using promoter and signal peptide of cholera toxin B subunit gene.
Cholera
A sialidase-susceptible ganglioside, IV3 alpha(NeuGc alpha 2-8NeuGc)-Gg4Cer, is a major disialoganglioside in WHT/Ht mouse thymoma and thymocytes.
Cholera
A single point mutation within the coding sequence of cholera toxin B subunit will increase its expression yield.
Cholera
A spinal cord pathway connecting primary afferents to the segmental sympathetic outflow system.
Cholera
A surface-displayed cholera toxin B peptide improves antibody responses using food-grade staphylococci for mucosal subunit vaccine delivery.
Cholera
A-fibres sprouting from lamina I into lamina II of spinal dorsal horn after peripheral nerve injury in rats.
Cholera
Ablation of vagal preganglionic neurons innervating the extra-thoracic trachea affects ventilatory responses to hypercapnia and hypoxia.
Cholera
Absence of mechanical allodynia and Abeta-fiber sprouting after sciatic nerve injury in mice lacking membrane-type 5 matrix metalloproteinase.
Cholera
Activation of adrenal preganglionic neurons during autonomic dysreflexia in the chronic spinal cord-injured rat.
Cholera
Activation of orexin/hypocretin projections to basal forebrain and paraventricular thalamus by acute nicotine.
Cholera
Activation of the central nervous system in obese Zucker rats during food deprivation.
Cholera
Activation of ventrolateral medullary neurons projecting to spinal autonomic areas after chemical stimulation of the central nucleus of amygdala: a neuroanatomical study in the rat.
Cholera
Activity of a vmPFC-DRN Pathway Corresponds With Resistance to Acute Social Defeat Stress.
Cholera
Acute hypoxia activates hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus-projecting catecholaminergic neurons in the C1 region.
Cholera
Adeno-associated virus 2 infection requires endocytosis through the CLIC/GEEC pathway.
Cholera
Adenosine 2A receptor inhibition protects phrenic motor neurons from cell death induced by protein synthesis inhibition.
Cholera
Adjuvant effects of cholera toxin b subunit on immune response to recombinant thyrotropin receptor in mice.
Cholera
Adjuvanted, antigen loaded N-trimethyl chitosan nanoparticles for nasal and intradermal vaccination: adjuvant- and site-dependent immunogenicity in mice.
Cholera
Adoptive transfer of mucosal T cells or dendritic cells from animals fed with cholera toxin B subunit alloantigen conjugate induces allogeneic T cell tolerance.
Cholera
Adrenergic innervation of forebrain neurons that project to the paraventricular thalamic nucleus in the rat.
Cholera
Afferent connections of the interstitial nucleus of the posterior limb of the anterior commissure and adjacent amygdalostriatal transition area in the rat.
Cholera
Afferent projections to the hamster intergeniculate leaflet demonstrated by retrograde and anterograde tracing.
Cholera
Afferents to the nucleus reticularis parvicellularis of the cat medulla oblongata: a tract-tracing study with cholera toxin B subunit.
Cholera
Affinity purification of recombinant cholera toxin B subunit oligomer expressed in Bacillus brevis for potential human use as a mucosal adjuvant.
Cholera
Age-Related Alterations in Prelimbic Cortical Neuron Arc Expression Vary by Behavioral State and Cortical Layer.
Cholera
Age-related three-dimensional morphological changes in rat motoneurons innervating diaphragm and longissimus muscles.
Cholera
Alpha-7 and alpha-4 nicotinic receptor subunit immunoreactivity in genioglossus muscle motoneurons.
Cholera
Alpha-galactosylceramide enhances mucosal immunity to oral whole-cell cholera vaccines.
Cholera
Alterations in the neural circuits from peripheral afferents to the spinal cord: possible implications for diabetic polyneuropathy in streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetic rats.
Cholera
Alternate mucosal immune system: organized Peyer's patches are not required for IgA responses in the gastrointestinal tract.
Cholera
Alternative fates of newly formed PrPSc upon prion conversion on the plasma membrane.
Cholera
Amino acid sequence homology between cholera toxin and Escherichia coli heat-labile toxin.
Cholera
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase-interacting multi-functional protein, p43, is imported to endothelial cells via lipid rafts.
Cholera
Amygdaloid axon terminals are in contact with trigeminal premotor neurons in the parvicellular reticular formation of the rat medulla oblongata.
Cholera
An adult rat spinal cord contusion model of sensory axon degeneration: the estrus cycle or a preconditioning lesion do not affect outcome.
Cholera
An approach for analysis of protein toxins based on thin films of lipid mixtures in an optical biosensor.
Cholera
An in vitro adherence assay reveals that Helicobacter pylori exhibits cell lineage-specific tropism in the human gastric epithelium.
Cholera
An innovative strategy for immobilization of receptor proteins on to an optical fiber by use of poly(pyrrole-biotin).
Cholera
An intraocular drug delivery system using targeted nanocarriers attenuates retinal ganglion cell degeneration.
Cholera
Analysis of a cholera toxin B subunit (CTB) and human mucin 1 (MUC1) conjugate protein in a MUC1-tolerant mouse model.
Cholera
Analysis of efficacy of CVD 103-HgR live oral cholera vaccine against all-cause travellers' diarrhoea in a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.
Cholera
Analysis of structure and function of the B subunit of cholera toxin by the use of site-directed mutagenesis.
Cholera
Anatomical and functional characterisation of a dopaminergic system in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the neonatal Siberian hamster.
Cholera
Anatomical and functional study of localization of originating neurons of the parasympathetic nerve to gallbladder in rabbit brain stem.
Cholera
Anatomical connections between the anterior and posterodorsal sub-regions of the medial amygdala: integration of odor and hormone signals.
Cholera
Anatomical demonstration of a medullary enkephalinergic pathway potentially implicated in the oro-facial muscle atonia of paradoxical sleep in the cat.
Cholera
Anatomical substrates for direct interactions between hippocampus, medial prefrontal cortex, and the thalamic nucleus reuniens.
Cholera
Anterograde Tract Tracing for Assaying Axonopathy and Transport Deficits in Glaucoma.
Cholera
Anti-bacterial and anti-toxic immunity induced by a killed whole-cell-cholera toxin B subunit cholera vaccine is essential for protection against lethal bacterial infection in mouse pulmonary cholera model.
Cholera
Anti-ganglioside antibodies can bind peripheral nerve nodes of Ranvier and activate the complement cascade without inducing acute conduction block in vitro.
Cholera
Anti-glycosyl antibodies in lipid rafts of the enterocyte brush border: a possible host defense against pathogens.
Cholera
Anti-idiotypic antibodies as probes of protein active sites: application to cholera toxin subunit B.
Cholera
Anti-peptide antibody production elicited by in vitro immunization of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
Cholera
Antibodies and antibody-secreting cells in the female genital tract after vaginal or intranasal immunization with cholera toxin B subunit or conjugates.
Cholera
Antibodies to glycolipids and cholera toxin B subunit do not initiate Ca++ signaling in rat Schwann cells.
Cholera
Antibody Avidity in Humoral Immune Responses in Bangladeshi Children and Adults following Administration of an Oral Killed Cholera Vaccine.
Cholera
Antibody Production and Th1-biased Response Induced by an Epitope Vaccine Composed of Cholera Toxin B Unit and Helicobacter pylori Lpp20 Epitopes.
Cholera
Antibody responses in serum and lung to intranasal immunization with Haemophilus influenzae type b polysaccharide conjugated to cholera toxin B subunit and tetanus toxoid.
Cholera
Antibody responses in the lower respiratory tract and male urogenital tract in humans after nasal and oral vaccination with cholera toxin B subunit.
Cholera
Antibody-producing cells in peripheral blood and salivary glands after oral cholera vaccination of humans.
Cholera
Antibody-Secreting Cell Responses after Vibrio cholerae O1 Infection and Oral Cholera Vaccination in Adults in Bangladesh.
Cholera
Antibody-secreting cells in human peripheral blood after oral immunization with an inactivated enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli vaccine.
Cholera
Antigen-specific memory B-cell responses in Bangladeshi adults after one or two dose oral killed cholera vaccination, and comparison with responses following natural cholera.
Cholera
Antigen-specific memory B-cell responses to Vibrio cholerae O1 infection in Bangladesh.
Cholera
Antigen-specific memory T cell responses after vaccination with an oral killed cholera vaccine in bangladeshi children and comparison to responses in patients with naturally acquired cholera.
Cholera
Antigen-stimulated trafficking from the recycling compartment to the plasma membrane in RBL mast cells.
Cholera
Appearance and genetic diversity of El Tor Vibrio cholerae O1 that possess classical biotype ctxB among imported cases of cholera in Japan.
Cholera
Ascending parabrachio-thalamo-striatal pathways: Potential circuits for integration of gustatory and oral motor functions.
Cholera
Aspirin attenuates spontaneous recurrent seizures in the chronically epileptic mice.
Cholera
Assembly of cholera toxin B subunit full-length rotavirus NSP4 fusion protein oligomers in transgenic potato.
Cholera
Assessing antigen specific HLA-DR+ antibody secreting cell (DR+ASC) responses in whole blood in enteric infections using an ELISPOT technique.
Cholera
Assessment of Carrot Callus as Biofactories of an Atherosclerosis Oral Vaccine Prototype.
Cholera
Assessment of disease specific immune responses in enteric diseases using dried blood spot (DBS).
Cholera
Assessment of the utility of the tomato fruit-specific E8 promoter for driving vaccine antigen expression.
Cholera
Atomic force microscopy studies of ganglioside GM1 domains in phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylcholine/cholesterol bilayers.
Cholera
Atorvastatin inhibits T cell activation through 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase without decreasing cholesterol synthesis.
Cholera
Authentic display of a cholera toxin epitope by chimeric type 1 fimbriae: effects of insert position and host background.
Cholera
Autoantigen Golgin-97, an effector of Arl1 GTPase, participates in traffic from the endosome to the trans-golgi network.
Cholera
Autodisplay: one-component system for efficient surface display and release of soluble recombinant proteins from Escherichia coli.
Cholera
Autonomic dysreflexia, induced by noxious or innocuous stimulation, does not depend on changes in dorsal horn substance p.
Cholera
Axonal collateral-collateral transport of tract tracers in brain neurons: false anterograde labelling and useful tool.
Cholera
B cells treated with CTB-p210 acquire a regulatory phenotype in vitro and reduce atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E deficient mice.
Cholera
B lymphocytes promote expansion of regulatory T cells in oral tolerance: powerful induction by antigen coupled to cholera toxin B subunit.
Cholera
B lymphocytes treated in vitro with antigen coupled to cholera toxin B subunit induce antigen-specific Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells and protect against experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
Cholera
B subunit of cholera toxin fused with VP7 from GCRV (grass carp reovirus) was expressed in E. coli and folds into an active protein.
Cholera
Bacterial and plant enterotoxin B subunit-autoantigen fusion proteins suppress diabetes insulitis.
Cholera
Bötzinger neurons project towards bulbospinal neurons in the rostral ventrolateral medulla of the rat.
Cholera
BBG2Na an RSV subunit vaccine candidate intramuscularly injected to human confers protection against viral challenge after nasal immunization in mice.
Cholera
Beta-adrenergic receptor stimulation promotes G alpha s internalization through lipid rafts: a study in living cells.
Cholera
Beta-strand interfaces of non-dimeric protein oligomers are characterized by scattered charged residue patterns.
Cholera
Betanodavirus-like particles enter host cells via clathrin-mediated endocytosis in a cholesterol-, pH- and cytoskeleton-dependent manner.
Cholera
Bidirectional connections of the medial amygdaloid nucleus in the Syrian hamster brain: simultaneous anterograde and retrograde tract tracing.
Cholera
Bilateral and ipsilateral ascending tecto-pulvinar pathways in mammals: A study in the Squirrel (Spermophilus beecheyi).
Cholera
Biliary immune response to orally presented food antigen, ovomucoid, and its potentiation by cholera toxin B subunit.
Cholera
Binding Cooperativity Matters: A GM1-Like Ganglioside-Cholera Toxin B Subunit Binding Study Using a Nanocube-Based Lipid Bilayer Array.
Cholera
Binding efficiencies of carbohydrate ligands with different genotypes of cholera toxin B: molecular modeling, dynamics and docking simulation studies.
Cholera
Binding of cholera toxin B subunit: a surface marker for murine microglia but not oligodendrocytes or astrocytes.
Cholera
Biochemical and immunological characterization of an ETEC CFA/I adhesin cholera toxin B subunit chimera.
Cholera
Biochemical and immunological characterization of the plant-derived candidate human immunodeficiency virus type 1 mucosal vaccine CTB-MPR.
Cholera
Biogenic amine and neuropeptide inputs to identified pelvic floor motoneurons that also express SRC-1.
Cholera
Brainstem dopaminergic, cholinergic and serotoninergic afferents to the pallidum in the squirrel monkey.
Cholera
Brainstem galanin synthesising neurons are differentially activated by chemoreceptor stimuli and represent a subpopulation of respiratory neurons.
Cholera
Broadly protective immunity against divergent influenza viruses by oral co-administration of Lactococcus lactis expressing nucleoprotein adjuvanted with cholera toxin B subunit in mice.
Cholera
Brucella melitensis infection associated with Guillain-Barré syndrome through molecular mimicry of host structures.
Cholera
Bulbospinal neuropeptide Y-immunoreactive neurons in the rat: comparison with adrenaline-synthesising neurons.
Cholera
Calbindin-immunoreactive neurons in the reticular formation of the rat brainstem: catecholamine content and spinal projections.
Cholera
Calcitonin gene-related peptide-like immunoreactive motoneurons innervating the canine inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle.
Cholera
Calcitonin gene-related peptide-like immunoreactive motoneurons innervating the canine intrinsic laryngeal muscles.
Cholera
Capsaicin-responsive corneal afferents do not contain TRPV1 at their central terminals in trigeminal nucleus caudalis in rats.
Cholera
Cardiovascular autonomic effects of transcutaneous auricular nerve stimulation via the tragus in the rat involve spinal cervical sensory afferent pathways.
Cholera
Caveolae in fibroblast-like synoviocytes: static structures associated with vimentin-based intermediate filaments.
Cholera
Caveolin-1 expression is essential for N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-mediated Src and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 activation and protection of primary neurons from ischemic cell death.
Cholera
Caveolin-1 regulation of dynamin-dependent, raft-mediated endocytosis of cholera toxin b-subunit occurs independently of caveolae.
Cholera
CBirTox is a selective antigen-specific agonist of the Treg-IgA-microbiota homeostatic pathway.
Cholera
CD4+ T-cell responses to an oral inactivated cholera vaccine in young children in a cholera endemic country and the enhancing effect of zinc supplementation.
Cholera
Cell membrane GM1 ganglioside is a functional coreceptor for fibroblast growth factor 2.
Cholera
Cell-type specific expression of constitutively-active Rheb promotes regeneration of bulbospinal respiratory axons following cervical SCI.
Cholera
Cells in laminae III and IV of the rat spinal cord that possess the neurokinin-1 receptor and have dorsally directed dendrites receive a major synaptic input from tachykinin-containing primary afferents.
Cholera
Cellular uptake and intracellular localization of poly (acrylic acid) nanoparticles in a rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) gill epithelial cell line, RTgill-W1.
Cholera
Central and primary visceral afferents to nucleus tractus solitarii may generate nitric oxide as a membrane-permeant neuronal messenger.
Cholera
Central projections and connections of lumbar primary afferent fibers in adult rats: effectively revealed using Texas red-dextran amine tracing.
Cholera
Ceramide transfer protein deficiency compromises organelle function and leads to senescence in primary cells.
Cholera
Cerebellar nitric oxide synthase is expressed within granule cell patches innervated by specific mossy fiber terminals: a developmental profile.
Cholera
Cerebrospinal fluid-contacting neurons affect the expression of endogenous neural progenitor cells and the recovery of neural function after spinal cord injury.
Cholera
Changes in synaptic inputs to sympathetic preganglionic neurons after spinal cord injury.
Cholera
Characterization of cholera toxin B subunit-induced Ca(2+) influx in neuroblastoma cells: evidence for a voltage-independent GM1 ganglioside-associated Ca(2+) channel.
Cholera
Characterization of intracellular localization of PrPSc in prion-infected cells using a mAb that recognizes the region consisting of aa 119-127 of mouse PrP.
Cholera
Characterization of Mega-Dalton-Sized Nanoparticles by Superconducting Tunnel Junction Cryodetection Mass Spectrometry.
Cholera
Characterization of nuclear gangliosides in rat brain: concentration, composition, and developmental changes.
Cholera
Characterization of the circulating T-cell response after oral immunization of human volunteers with cholera toxin B subunit.
Cholera
Characterization of the essential transport function of the AIDA-I autotransporter and evidence supporting structural predictions.
Cholera
Characterization of the growth of 2D protein crystals on a lipid monolayer by ellipsometry and rigidity measurements coupled to electron microscopy.
Cholera
Characterization of the Rab8-specific membrane traffic route linked to protrusion formation.
Cholera
Characterization of Vibrio cholerae O1 strains that trace the origin of Haitian-like genetic traits.
Cholera
Chemical and immunochemical studies on the receptor binding domain of cholera toxin B subunit.
Cholera
Chemical phenotypes of muscle and cutaneous afferent neurons in the rat trigeminal ganglion.
Cholera
Chemical validation of molecular mimicry: interaction of cholera toxin with Campylobacter lipooligosaccharides.
Cholera
Chemosensory and hormone information are relayed directly between the medial amygdala, posterior bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, and medial preoptic area in male Syrian hamsters.
Cholera
Chimeric Vaccine Stimulation of Human Dendritic Cell Indoleamine 2, 3-Dioxygenase Occurs via the Non-Canonical NF-?B Pathway.
Cholera
Chloramphenicol improved expression of recombinant cholera toxin B subunit in Escherichia coli and its adjuvanticity.
Cholera
Cholera as a model for research on mucosal immunity and development of oral vaccines.
Cholera
Cholera outbreaks caused by an altered Vibrio cholerae O1 El Tor biotype strain producing classical cholera toxin B in Vietnam in 2007 to 2008.
Cholera
Cholera toxin adjuvant promotes long-term immunological memory in the gut mucosa to unrelated immunogens after oral immunization.
Cholera
Cholera toxin and cholera toxin B subunit induce IgA switching through the action of TGF-beta 1.
Cholera
Cholera toxin B (CTB) is functional as an adjuvant for cytoplasmatic proteins if directed to the endoplasmatic reticulum (ER), but not to the cytoplasm of plants
Cholera
Cholera toxin B accelerates disease progression in lupus-prone mice by promoting lipid raft aggregation.
Cholera
Cholera toxin B decreases bicuculline seizures in prenatally morphine- and saline-exposed male rats.
Cholera
Cholera toxin B induced activation of murine macrophages exposed to a fixed bacterial immunogen.
Cholera
Cholera toxin B induces interleukine-1? production from resident peritoneal macrophages through pyrin as well as NLRP3 inflammasome.
Cholera
Cholera toxin B pretreatment of macrophages and monocytes diminishes their proinflammatory responsiveness to lipopolysaccharide.
Cholera
Cholera toxin B protein in transgenic tomato fruit induces systemic immune response in mice.
Cholera
Cholera toxin B stimulates systemic neutralizing antibodies after intranasal co-immunization with measles virus.
Cholera
Cholera Toxin B subunit acts as a potent systemic adjuvant for HIV-1 DNA vaccination intramuscularly in mice.
Cholera
Cholera toxin B subunit as a carrier molecule promotes antigen presentation and increases CD40 and CD86 expression on antigen-presenting cells.
Cholera
Cholera toxin B subunit as a carrier protein to stimulate a mucosal immune response.
Cholera
Cholera toxin B subunit as transmucosal carrier-delivery and immunomodulating system for induction of antiinfectious and antipathological immunity.
Cholera
Cholera toxin B subunit binding does not correlate with GM1 expression: a study using mouse embryonic neural precursor cells.
Cholera
Cholera toxin B subunit binding to an antigen-presenting cell directly co-stimulates cytokine production from a T cell clone.
Cholera
Cholera toxin B subunit conjugated bile salt stabilized vesicles (bilosomes) for oral immunization.
Cholera
Cholera toxin B subunit labeling in lamina II of spinal cord dorsal horn following chronic inflammation in rats.
Cholera
Cholera toxin B subunit linked to glutamic acid decarboxylase suppresses dendritic cell maturation and function.
Cholera
Cholera toxin B subunit modulation of mucosal vaccines for infectious and autoimmune diseases.
Cholera
Cholera toxin B subunit pentamer reassembled from Escherichia coli inclusion bodies for use in vaccination.
Cholera
Cholera toxin B subunit promotes the induction of regulatory T cells by preventing human dendritic cell maturation.
Cholera
Cholera Toxin B Subunit Shows Transneuronal Tracing after Injection in an Injured Sciatic Nerve.
Cholera
Cholera toxin B subunit-binding and ganglioside GM1 immuno-expression are not necessarily correlated in human salivary glands.
Cholera
Cholera toxin B subunit-domain III of dengue virus envelope glycoprotein E fusion protein production in transgenic plants.
Cholera
Cholera toxin B subunit-five-stranded ?-helical coiled-coil fusion protein: "five-to-five" molecular chimera displays robust physicochemical stability.
Cholera
Cholera toxin B subunit: an efficient transmucosal carrier-delivery system for induction of peripheral immunological tolerance.
Cholera
Cholera toxin B subunits assemble into pentamers--proposition of a fly-casting mechanism.
Cholera
Cholera toxin B suppresses allergic inflammation through induction of secretory IgA.
Cholera
Cholera toxin B-subunit gene enhances mucosal immunoglobulin A, Th1-type, and CD8+ cytotoxic responses when coadministered intradermally with a DNA vaccine.
Cholera
Cholera toxin B-subunit gene fusion: structural and functional analysis of the chimeric protein.
Cholera
Cholera toxin binds to differentiating neurons in the developing murine basal ganglia.
Cholera
Cholera toxin binds to lipid rafts but has a limited specificity for ganglioside GM1.
Cholera
Cholera toxin entry into pig enterocytes occurs via a lipid raft- and clathrin-dependent mechanism.
Cholera
Cholera toxin subunit B inhibits IL-12 and IFN-{gamma} production and signaling in experimental colitis and Crohn's disease.
Cholera
Cholera toxin subunit B peptide fusion proteins reveal impaired oral tolerance induction in diabetes-prone but not in diabetes-resistant mice.
Cholera
Cholera toxin-specific memory B cell responses are induced in patients with dehydrating diarrhea caused by Vibrio cholerae O1.
Cholera
Cholera Vaccine Use Is Associated with a Reduced Risk of Death in Patients with Colorectal Cancer: A Population-based Study.
Cholera
Cholesterol oxidase and the hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor mevinolin perturb endocytic trafficking in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells.
Cholera
Cholesterol-dependent and -independent CD40 internalization and signaling activation in cardiovascular endothelial cells.
Cholera
Cholesterol-rich plasma membrane domains (lipid rafts) in keratinocytes: importance in the baseline and UVA-induced generation of reactive oxygen species.
Cholera
Chondroitinase ABC digestion of the perineuronal net promotes functional collateral sprouting in the cuneate nucleus after cervical spinal cord injury.
Cholera
Circulating angiotensin II activates neurones in circumventricular organs of the lamina terminalis that project to the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis.
Cholera
Circulating mucosal associated invariant T cells are activated in Vibrio cholerae O1 infection and associated with lipopolysaccharide antibody responses.
Cholera
Clathrin and caveolin-1 expression in primary pigmented rabbit conjunctival epithelial cells: role in PLGA nanoparticle endocytosis.
Cholera
Clathrin-independent endocytosis of ErbB2 in geldanamycin-treated human breast cancer cells.
Cholera
Clinical trial: the safety and short-term efficacy of recombinant cholera toxin B subunit in the treatment of active Crohn's disease.
Cholera
Cloning, expression, purification and characterization of the cholera toxin B subunit and triple glutamic acid decarboxylase epitopes fusion protein in Escherichia coli.
Cholera
Clustering of plasma membrane-bound cytochrome b5 reductase within 'lipid raft' microdomains of the neuronal plasma membrane.
Cholera
Co-immunization with an HIV-1 Tat transduction peptide-rotavirus enterotoxin fusion protein stimulates a Th1 mucosal immune response in mice.
Cholera
Colonic antigen administration induces significantly higher humoral levels of colonic and vaginal IgA, and serum IgG compared to oral administration.
Cholera
Columnar organization of estrogen receptor-alpha immunoreactive neurons in the periaqueductal gray projecting to the nucleus para-retroambiguus in the caudal brainstem of the female golden hamster.
Cholera
Combination of Salermide and Cholera Toxin B Induce Apoptosis in MCF-7 but Not in MRC-5 Cell Lines.
Cholera
Comparative effectiveness of the cholera toxin B subunit and alkaline phosphatase as carriers for oral vaccines.
Cholera
Comparative whole-genome and proteomics analyses of the next seed bank and the original master seed bank of MucoRice-CTB 51A line, a rice-based oral cholera vaccine.
Cholera
Comparison of adenovirus fiber, protein IX, and hexon capsomeres as scaffolds for vector purification and cell targeting.
Cholera
Comparison of clinical features and immunological parameters of patients with dehydrating diarrhoea infected with Inaba or Ogawa serotypes of Vibrio cholerae O1.
Cholera
Comparison of different immunization routes on the immune responses induced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis ESAT-6/CFP-10 recombinant protein.
Cholera
Comparison of different routes of vaccination for eliciting antibody responses in the human stomach.
Cholera
Comparison of FGF1 (aFGF) Expression between the Dorsal Motor Nucleus of Vagus and the Hypoglossal Nucleus of Rat.
Cholera
Comparison of intranasal inoculation of influenza HA vaccine combined with cholera toxin B subunit with oral or parenteral vaccination.
Cholera
Comparison of Memory B Cell, Antibody-Secreting Cell, and Plasma Antibody Responses in Young Children, Older Children, and Adults with Infection Caused by Vibrio cholerae O1 El Tor Ogawa in Bangladesh.
Cholera
Comparison of serum humoral responses induced by oral immunization with the hepatitis B virus core antigen and the cholera toxin B subunit.
Cholera
Comparison of Shiga-like toxin I B-subunit expression and localization in Escherichia coli and Vibrio cholerae by using trc or iron-regulated promoter systems.
Cholera
Comparison of systemic and mucosal priming for mucosal immune responses to a bacterial protein antigen given with or coupled to cholera toxin (CT) B subunit, and effects of pre-existing anti-CT immunity.
Cholera
Comparison of the oral, rectal, and vaginal immunization routes for induction of antibodies in rectal and genital tract secretions of women.
Cholera
Comparison of the reactivities and immunogenicities of procholeragenoid and the B subunit of cholera toxin in Thai volunteers.
Cholera
Comparison of two recombinant systems for expression of cholera toxin B subunit from Vibrio cholerae.
Cholera
Compartmentalization of the Type I Fc epsilon receptor and MAFA on mast cell membranes.
Cholera
Conformational changes in cholera toxin B subunit-ganglioside GM1 complexes are elicited by environmental pH and evoke changes in membrane structure.
Cholera
Connection Input Mapping and 3D Reconstruction of the Brainstem and Spinal Cord Projections to the CSF-Contacting Nucleus.
Cholera
Connections of the juxtaventromedial region of the lateral hypothalamic area in the male rat.
Cholera
Connections of the lateral hypothalamic area juxtadorsomedial region in the male rat.
Cholera
Connections of the subthalamic nucleus with ventral striatopallidal parts of the basal ganglia in the rat.
Cholera
Constituent ratio of motor fibers from the C5-C7 spinal nerves in the radial nerve is greater in pup rats than in adult rats.
Cholera
Construction and characterization of a potential live oral carrier-based vaccine against Vibrio cholerae O139.
Cholera
Construction and preclinical evaluation of recombinant Peru-15 expressing high levels of the cholera toxin B subunit as a vaccine against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli.
Cholera
Construction of a fusion anti-caries DNA vaccine in transgenic tomato plants for PAcA gene and cholera toxin B subunit.
Cholera
Construction of a Vibrio cholerae prototype vaccine strain O395-N1-E1 which accumulates cell-associated cholera toxin B subunit.
Cholera
Construction of amperometric immunosensors based on the electrogeneration of a permeable biotinylated polypyrrole film.
Cholera
Construction of cholera toxin B subunit-producing Vibrio cholerae strains using the Mariner-FRT transposon delivery system.
Cholera
Construction of novel vaccine strains of Vibrio cholerae co-expressing the Inaba and Ogawa serotype antigens.
Cholera
Continuous Lipid Bilayers Derived from Cell Membranes for Spatial Molecular Manipulation.
Cholera
Contrasting effects of type I interferon as a mucosal adjuvant for influenza vaccine in mice and humans.
Cholera
Controlled carbon nanotube layers for impedimetric immunosensors: High performance label free detection and quantification of anti-cholera toxin antibody.
Cholera
Controlled expression of cholera toxin B subunit from Vibrio cholerae in Escherichia coli.
Cholera
Cooperativity of ganglioside-dependent with protein-dependent substratum adhesion and neurite extension of human neuroblastoma cells.
Cholera
Corneal afferents differentially target thalamic- and parabrachial-projecting neurons in spinal trigeminal nucleus caudalis.
Cholera
Correlation between adjuvanticity and immunogenicity of cholera toxin B subunit in orally immunised young chickens.
Cholera
Corticospinal axons make direct synaptic connections with spinal motoneurons innervating forearm muscles early during postnatal development in the rat.
Cholera
Corticospinal motor neurons in the adult rat: degeneration after intracortical axotomy and protection by ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF).
Cholera
Critical role of lipid rafts in virus entry and activation of phosphoinositide 3' kinase/Akt signaling during early stages of Japanese encephalitis virus infection in neural stem/progenitor cells.
Cholera
Cross-clade protection against HPAI H5N1 influenza virus challenge in BALB/c mice intranasally administered adjuvant-combined influenza vaccine.
Cholera
Cross-protection against influenza A virus infection by passively transferred respiratory tract IgA antibodies to different hemagglutinin molecules.
Cholera
Cross-protection against influenza B type virus infection by intranasal inoculation of the HA vaccines combined with cholera toxin B subunit.
Cholera
Cross-protection against influenza virus infection afforded by trivalent inactivated vaccines inoculated intranasally with cholera toxin B subunit.
Cholera
Cross-protection against influenza virus infection in mice vaccinated by combined nasal/subcutaneous administration.
Cholera
Cross-protective immunity of the haemagglutinin stalk domain presented on the surface of Lactococcus lactis against divergent influenza viruses in mice.
Cholera
Crystal parameters and molecular replacement of an anticholera toxin peptide complex.
Cholera
Cutaneous Inputs to Dorsal Column Nuclei in Adult Macaque Monkeys Subjected to Unilateral Lesion of the Primary Motor Cortex or of the Cervical Spinal Cord and Treatments Promoting Axonal Growth.
Cholera
CXCR4-Tropic, But Not CCR5-Tropic, Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Is Inhibited by the Lipid Raft-Associated Factors, Acyclic Retinoid Analogs, and Cholera Toxin B Subunit.
Cholera
Cytoarchitectonics and afferent/efferent reorganization of neurons in layers II and III of the lateral entorhinal cortex in the mouse pilocarpine model of temporal lobe epilepsy.
Cholera
Cytokine responses to recombinant cholera toxin B subunit produced by Bacillus brevis as a mucosal adjuvant.
Cholera
Cytotoxic T cell responses are enhanced by antigen design involving the presentation of MUC1 peptide on cholera toxin B subunit.
Cholera
Deciphering the possible role of ctxB7 allele on higher production of cholera toxin by Haitian variant Vibrio cholerae O1.
Cholera
Delivery of the cholera toxin B subunit by using a recombinant Yersinia enterocolitica strain as a live oral carrier.
Cholera
Demonstration of GM1-ganglioside in nervous system in generalized GM1-gangliosidosis using cholera toxin B subunit.
Cholera
Demonstration of retinal afferents in the RCS rat, with reference to the retinohypothalamic projection and suprachiasmatic nucleus.
Cholera
Demonstration of the corticotectobulbar pathway from the orofacial motor cortex to the parvicellular reticular formation in the rat.
Cholera
Dependence of cardiac cell Ca2+ permeability on sialic acid-containing sarcolemmal gangliosides.
Cholera
Desialylation of extracellular GD1a-neoganglioprotein suggests cell surface orientation of the plasma membrane-bound ganglioside sialidase activity in human neuroblastoma cells.
Cholera
Designing an efficient multi-epitope peptide vaccine against Vibrio cholerae via combined immunoinformatics and protein interaction based approaches.
Cholera
Designing multiepitope-based vaccine against Eimeria from immune mapped protein 1 (IMP-1) antigen using immunoinformatic approach.
Cholera
Designing of Potential Polyvalent Vaccine Model for Respiratory Syncytial Virus by System Level Immunoinformatics Approaches.
Cholera
Detachment of membrane bound virions by competitive ligand-binding induced receptor depletion.
Cholera
Detecting Protein-Glycolipid Interactions Using CaR-ESI-MS and Model Membranes: Comparison of Pre-loaded and Passively Loaded Picodiscs.
Cholera
Detection of protein mediated glycosphingolipid clustering by the use of resonance energy transfer between fluorescent labelled lipids. A method established by applying the system ganglioside GM1 and cholera toxin B subunit.
Cholera
Determinants of [Cl-] in recycling and late endosomes and Golgi complex measured using fluorescent ligands.
Cholera
Determination of multivalent protein-ligand binding kinetics by second-harmonic correlation spectroscopy.
Cholera
Determining in situ protein conformation and orientation from the amide-I sum-frequency generation spectrum: theory and experiment.
Cholera
Development and preclinical evaluation of safety and immunogenicity of an oral ETEC vaccine containing inactivated E. coli bacteria overexpressing colonization factors CFA/I, CS3, CS5 and CS6 combined with a hybrid LT/CT B subunit antigen, administered alone and together with dmLT adjuvant.
Cholera
Development and validation of a mismatch amplification mutation PCR assay to monitor the dissemination of an emerging variant of Vibrio cholerae O1 biotype El Tor.
Cholera
Development of a multi-epitope peptide vaccine inducing robust T cell responses against brucellosis using immunoinformatics based approaches.
Cholera
Development of an "electroptode" immunosensor: indium tin oxide-coated optical fiber tips conjugated with an electropolymerized thin film with conjugated cholera toxin B subunit.
Cholera
Development of an epitope-based vaccine inhibiting immune cells rolling and migration against atherosclerosis using in silico approaches.
Cholera
Development of an FHbp-CTB holotoxin-like chimera and the elicitation of bactericidal antibodies against serogroup B Neisseria meningitidis.
Cholera
Development of antibody-secreting cells and antigen-specific T cells in cervical lymph nodes after intranasal immunization.
Cholera
Development of novel O-polysaccharide based glycoconjugates for immunization against glanders.
Cholera
Development of safe, effective and immunogenic vaccine candidate for diarrheagenic Escherichia coli main pathotypes in a mouse model.
Cholera
Developmental remodeling of corticocortical feedback circuits in ferret visual cortex.
Cholera
Difference of climbing fiber input sources between the primate oculomotor-related cerebellar vermis and hemisphere revealed by a retrograde tracing study.
Cholera
Differences in caveolae dynamics in vascular smooth muscle cells of different phenotypes.
Cholera
Different internalization pathways of polymeric micelles and unimers and their effects on vesicular transport.
Cholera
Differential content of vesicular glutamate transporters in subsets of vagal afferents projecting to the nucleus tractus solitarii in the rat.
Cholera
Differential expression of catecholamine synthetic enzymes in the caudal ventral pons.
Cholera
Differential expression of tissue-specific adhesion molecules on human circulating antibody-forming cells after systemic, enteric, and nasal immunizations. A molecular basis for the compartmentalization of effector B cell responses.
Cholera
Differential induction of mucosal and systemic antibody responses in women after nasal, rectal, or vaginal immunization: influence of the menstrual cycle.
Cholera
Differential innervation of tissues located at traditional acupuncture points in the rat forehead and face.
Cholera
Differential kinetics and distribution of antibodies in serum and nasal and vaginal secretions after nasal and oral vaccination of humans.
Cholera
Differential localization of vesicular glutamate transporters and peptides in corneal afferents to trigeminal nucleus caudalis.
Cholera
Differential mechanisms are required for phrenic long-term facilitation over the course of motor neuron loss following CTB-SAP intrapleural injections.
Cholera
Differential requirements for protection against mucosal challenge with Francisella tularensis in the presence versus absence of cholera toxin B and inactivated F. tularensis.
Cholera
Diminished immunopathology in Schistosoma mansoni infection following intranasal administration of cholera toxin B-immunodominant peptide conjugate correlates with enhanced transforming growth factor-beta production by CD4 T cells.
Cholera
Direct projections from the central amygdaloid nucleus to the globus pallidus and substantia nigra in the cat.
Cholera
Direct projections from the dorsolateral pontine tegmentum to pudendal motoneurons innervating the external urethral sphincter muscle in the rat.
Cholera
Direct projections from the entopeduncular nucleus to the lower brainstem in the rat.
Cholera
Direct projections from the entorhinal area to the anteroventral and laterodorsal thalamic nuclei in the rat.
Cholera
Direct projections from the entorhinal cortical layers to the dentate gyrus, hippocampus, and subicular complex in the cat.
Cholera
Direct projections from the lumbosacral spinal cord to Barrington's nucleus in the rat: a special reference to micturition reflex.
Cholera
Direct projections from the midbrain periaqueductal gray and the dorsal raphe nucleus to the trigeminal sensory complex in the rat.
Cholera
Direct projections from the non-laminated divisions of the medial geniculate nucleus to the temporal polar cortex and amygdala in the cat.
Cholera
Direct retinal projections to GRP neurons in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the rat.
Cholera
Disinhibition of the rostral ventral medulla increases blood pressure and Fos expression in bulbospinal neurons.
Cholera
Disruption of function and localization of tight junctional structures and Mrp2 in sustained estradiol-17beta-D-glucuronide-induced cholestasis.
Cholera
Dissociation of multisubunit protein-ligand complexes in the gas phase. Evidence for ligand migration.
Cholera
Distinct brainstem and forebrain circuits receiving tracheal sensory neuron inputs revealed using a novel conditional anterograde transsynaptic viral tracing system.
Cholera
Distinct effects of recombinant cholera toxin B subunit and holotoxin on different stages of class II MHC antigen processing and presentation by macrophages.
Cholera
Distinct perisynaptic and synaptic localization of NMDA and AMPA receptors on ganglion cells in rat retina.
Cholera
Distribution and cytoarchitecture of sympathetic neurons innervating the pineal gland in chick: a CTB-HRP study.
Cholera
Distribution and dendritic features of three groups of rat olivocochlear neurons. A study with two retrograde cholera toxin tracers.
Cholera
Distribution and immunohistochemical characterization of primary afferent neurons innervating the levator ani muscle of the female squirrel monkey.
Cholera
Distribution and innervation of putative arterial chemoreceptors in the bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana).
Cholera
Distribution and neurochemical identification of pancreatic afferents in the mouse.
Cholera
Distribution of corticospinal motor neurons in the postnatal rat: quantitative evidence for massive collateral elimination and modest cell death.
Cholera
Distribution of mesenchymal stem cells and effects on neuronal survival and axon regeneration after optic nerve crush and cell therapy.
Cholera
Distribution of the attachment (G) glycoprotein and GM1 within the envelope of mature respiratory syncytial virus filaments revealed using field emission scanning electron microscopy.
Cholera
Distribution of urocortin 3 neurons innervating the ventral premammillary nucleus in the rat brain.
Cholera
Distribution, persistence, and recall of serum and salivary antibody responses to peroral immunization with protein antigen I/II of Streptococcus mutans coupled to the cholera toxin B subunit.
Cholera
Divergent receptor utilization is necessary for phrenic long-term facilitation over the course of motor neuron loss following CTB-SAP intrapleural injections.
Cholera
Do central terminals of intact myelinated primary afferents sprout into the superficial dorsal horn of rat spinal cord after injury to a neighboring peripheral nerve?
Cholera
Dorsal column sensory axons lack TrkC and are not rescued by local neurotrophin-3 infusions following spinal cord contusion in adult rats.
Cholera
Dorsal lateral geniculate substructure in the long-evans rat: a cholera toxin B subunit study.
Cholera
Dorsomedial hypothalamic sites where disinhibition evokes tachycardia correlate with location of raphe-projecting neurons.
Cholera
Dose-dependent circulating immunoglobulin A antibody-secreting cell and serum antibody responses in Swedish volunteers to an oral inactivated enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli vaccine.
Cholera
Double immunocytochemistry for the detection of Fos protein in retrogradely identified neurons using cholera toxin B subunit.
Cholera
Double-Modified Glycopolymers from Thiolactones to Modulate Lectin Selectivity and Affinity.
Cholera
Down-Regulation of RNA 3'-Terminal Phosphate Cyclase Attenuates Toll-Like Receptor 3-Mediated Axonal Loss in the Retina and Optic Nerve.
Cholera
DREADD-Induced Silencing of the Medial Olfactory Tubercle Disrupts the Preference of Female Mice for Opposite-Sex Chemosignals(1,2,3).
Cholera
Dynamin at the neck of caveolae mediates their budding to form transport vesicles by GTP-driven fission from the plasma membrane of endothelium.
Cholera
E-cadherin-deficient cells have synthetic lethal vulnerabilities in plasma membrane organisation, dynamics and function.
Cholera
Effect of covalent modification on the binding of cholera toxin B subunit to ileal brush border surfaces.
Cholera
Effect of dental malocclusion on cerebellar neuron activation via the dorsomedial part of the principal sensory trigeminal nucleus.
Cholera
Effect of immunization with a recombinant cholera toxin B subunit/somatostatin fusion protein on immune response and growth hormone levels in mice
Cholera
Effect of immunization with a recombinant cholera toxin B subunit/somatostatin fusion protein on immune response and growth hormone levels in mice.
Cholera
Effect of pre-existing immunity for systemic and mucosal immune responses to intranasal immunization with group B Streptococcus type III capsular polysaccharide-cholera toxin B subunit conjugate.
Cholera
Effect of rice-expressed amyloid ? in the Tg2576 Alzheimer's disease transgenic mouse model.
Cholera
Effect of route of immunisation and adjuvant on T and B cell epitope recognition within a streptococcal antigen.
Cholera
Effective transcutaneous immunization against hepatitis B virus by a combined approach of hydrogel patch formulation and microneedle arrays.
Cholera
Effectiveness of cholera toxin B subunit as an adjuvant for nasal influenza vaccination despite pre-existing immunity to CTB.
Cholera
Effects of a 15-amino-acid isoform of amyloid- ? expressed by silkworm pupae on B6C3-Tg Alzheimer's disease transgenic mice.
Cholera
Effects of cholera toxin adjuvant on IgE antibody response to orally or nasally administered ovalbumin.
Cholera
Effects of cryopreservation on mitochondrial function and heterogeneity, lipid raft stability and phosphatidylserine translocation in koala (Phascolarctos cinereus) spermatozoa.
Cholera
Effects of GM1-ganglioside and alpha-sialyl cholesterol on amino acid uptake, protein synthesis, and Na+,K(+)-ATPase activity in superior cervical and nodose ganglia excised from adult rats.
Cholera
Effects of recombinant cholera toxin b subunit (rCTB) on cellular immune responses: enhancement of delayed-type hypersensitivity following intranasal co-administration of Mycobacterium bovis-BCG with rCTB.
Cholera
Effects of recombinant cholera toxin B subunit on IL-1beta production by macrophages in vitro.
Cholera
Effects of Saccharide Spacing and Chain Extension on Toxin Inhibition by Glycopolypeptides of Well-Defined Architecture.
Cholera
Efferent projections of thyrotropin-releasing hormone-synthesizing neurons residing in the anterior parvocellular subdivision of the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus.
Cholera
Efficient Cholera Toxin B Subunit-Based Nanoparticles with MRI Capability for Drug Delivery to the Brain Following Intranasal Administration.
Cholera
Efficient extracellular production of recombinant Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin B subunit by using the expression/secretion system of Bacillus brevis and its mucosal immunoadjuvanticity.
Cholera
Efficient induction of oral tolerance by fusing cholera toxin B subunit with allergen-specific T-cell epitopes accumulated in rice seed.
Cholera
Electrochemical and PM-IRRAS characterization of cholera toxin binding at a model biological membrane.
Cholera
Elevation of p-NR2A(S1232) by Cdk5/p35 contributes to retinal ganglion cell apoptosis in a rat experimental glaucoma model.
Cholera
Elimination of muscle afferent boutons from the cuneate nucleus of the rat medulla during development.
Cholera
Endocytic Internalization of Herpes Simplex Virus 1 in Human Keratinocytes at Low Temperature.
Cholera
Engagement of endogenous ganglioside GM1a induces tyrosine phosphorylation involved in neuron-like differentiation of PC12 cells.
Cholera
Enhanced CRFR1-Dependent Regulation of a Ventral Tegmental Area to Prelimbic Cortex Projection Establishes Susceptibility to Stress-Induced Cocaine Seeking.
Cholera
Enhanced immunological tolerance against allograft rejection by oral administration of allogeneic antigen linked to cholera toxin B subunit.
Cholera
Enhanced paracellular delivery of vaccine by hydrogel microparticles-mediated reversible tight junction opening for effective oral immunization.
Cholera
Enhanced soluble production of cholera toxin B subunit in Escherichia coli by co-expression of SKP chaperones.
Cholera
Enhancement of anti-Shigella lipopolysaccharide (LPS) response by addition of the cholera toxin B subunit to oral and intranasal proteosome-Shigella flexneri 2a LPS vaccines.
Cholera
Enhancement of DTH response by cholera toxin B subunit inoculated intranasally together with influenza HA vaccine.
Cholera
Enhancement of protective antibody responses by cholera toxin B subunit inoculated intranasally with influenza vaccine.
Cholera
Enhancement of salivary IgA response to a DNA vaccine against Streptococcus mutans wall-associated protein A in mice by plasmid-based adjuvants.
Cholera
Enhancing excitatory projections from the ventral subiculum to the nucleus accumbens shell contribute to the MK-801-induced impairment of prepulse inhibition.
Cholera
Enkephalin-immunoreactive interneurons extensively innervate sympathetic preganglionic neurons regulating the pelvic viscera.
Cholera
Entry of a recombinant, full-length, atoxic tetanus neurotoxin into Neuro-2a cells.
Cholera
Establishment of an experimental ferret ocular hypertension model for the analysis of central visual pathway damage.
Cholera
Estimating tissue permeability and other bioelectrical parameters using membrane voltage and short-circuit current.
Cholera
Estimation of the effective doses of nasal-inactivated influenza vaccine in humans from mouse-model experiments.
Cholera
Evidence against cholera toxin B subunit as a reliable tracer for sprouting of primary afferents following peripheral nerve injury.
Cholera
Evidence for peptide co-transmission in retrograde- and anterograde-labelled central nucleus of amygdala neurones projecting to NTS.
Cholera
Evidence for TLR4 and FcR?-CARD9 activation by cholera toxin B subunit and its direct bindings to TREM2 and LMIR5 receptors.
Cholera
Evidence from V1 connections for both dorsal and ventral subdivisions of V3 in three species of New World monkeys.
Cholera
Evidence of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors in the retinal centrifugal system of the chick.
Cholera
Evidence of reciprocal connections between the dorsal raphe nucleus and the retina in the monkey Cebus apella.
Cholera
Evidence that cholera toxin B subunit (CTb) can be avidly taken up and transported by fibers of passage.
Cholera
Evidence that paraventricular nucleus oxytocin neurons link hypothalamic leptin action to caudal brain stem nuclei controlling meal size.
Cholera
Excitatory inputs to four types of spinocerebellar tract neurons in cat and rat thoraco-lumbar spinal cord.
Cholera
Experimental diagnostic of sequence-variant dynamic perturbations revealed by broadband dielectric spectroscopy.
Cholera
Experimental induction and three-dimensional two-photon imaging of conjunctiva-associated lymphoid tissue.
Cholera
Exposure to an open-field arena increases c-Fos expression in a distributed anxiety-related system projecting to the basolateral amygdaloid complex.
Cholera
Exposure to an open-field arena increases c-Fos expression in a subpopulation of neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus, including neurons projecting to the basolateral amygdaloid complex.
Cholera
Expression and active testing of VP7 from GCRV (Grass carp reovirus) fused with cholera toxin B subunit in rice calli.
Cholera
Expression and assembly of cholera toxin B subunit (CTB) in transgenic carrot (Daucus carota L.).
Cholera
Expression and assembly of cholera toxin B subunit and domain III of dengue virus 2 envelope fusion protein in transgenic potatoes.
Cholera
Expression and characterization of cholera toxin B-pneumococcal surface adhesin A fusion protein in Escherichia coli: ability of CTB-PsaA to induce humoral immune response in mice.
Cholera
Expression and functional validation of heat-labile enterotoxin B (LTB) and cholera toxin B (CTB) subunits in transgenic rice (Oryza sativa).
Cholera
Expression in Escherichia coli of two mutated genes encoding the cholera toxin B subunit.
Cholera
Expression of a Cholera Toxin B Subunit-Neutralizing Epitope of the Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Fusion Gene in Transgenic Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.).
Cholera
Expression of a Synthetic Cholera Toxin B Subunit in Tobacco Using Ubiquitin Promoter and bar Gene as a Selectable Marker.
Cholera
Expression of accessory colonization factor subunit A (ACFA) of Vibrio cholerae and ACFA fused to cholera toxin B subunit in transgenic tomato (Solanum lycopersicum).
Cholera
Expression of alpha-7 nAChRs on spinal cord-brainstem neurons controlling inspiratory drive to the diaphragm.
Cholera
Expression of Bordetella pertussis Antigens Fused to Different Vectors and Their Effectiveness as Vaccines.
Cholera
Expression of capsaicin receptor (VR1) by myelinated primary afferent neurons in rats.
Cholera
Expression of cholera toxin B subunit and assembly as functional oligomers in silkworm.
Cholera
Expression of cholera toxin B subunit and the B chain of human insulin as a fusion protein in transgenic tobacco plants.
Cholera
Expression of cholera toxin B subunit-lumbrokinase in edible sunflower seeds-the use of transmucosal carrier to enhance its fusion protein's effect on protection of rats and mice against thrombosis.
Cholera
Expression of cholera toxin B-proinsulin fusion protein in lettuce and tobacco chloroplasts--oral administration protects against development of insulitis in non-obese diabetic mice.
Cholera
Expression of flotillins in the human placenta: potential implications for placental transcytosis.
Cholera
Expression of gangliosides in neuronal development of P19 embryonal carcinoma stem cells.
Cholera
Expression of recombinant T-cell epitopes of major Japanese cedar pollen allergens fused with cholera toxin B subunit in Escherichia coli.
Cholera
Expression of Sex Steroid Hormone Receptors in Vagal Motor Neurons Innervating the Trachea and Esophagus in Mouse.
Cholera
Expression of the cholera toxin B subunit (CT-B) in maize seeds and a combined mucosal treatment against cholera and traveler's diarrhea.
Cholera
Expression of the cholera toxin B subunit in the Golgi apparatus of Swiss 3T3 cells inhibits DNA synthesis induced by basic fibroblast growth factor.
Cholera
Expression of the native cholera toxin B subunit gene and assembly as functional oligomers in transgenic tobacco chloroplasts.
Cholera
Expression of toxin co-regulated pilus subunit A (TCPA) of Vibrio cholerae and its immunogenic epitopes fused to cholera toxin B subunit in transgenic tomato (Solanum lycopersicum).
Cholera
Expression of vesicular glutamate transporter 1 immunoreactivity in peripheral and central endings of trigeminal mesencephalic nucleus neurons in the rat.
Cholera
Extensive divergence of projections to the forebrain from neurons in the paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus.
Cholera
Extensive projections from the midbrain periaqueductal gray to the caudal ventrolateral medulla: a retrograde and anterograde tracing study in the rat.
Cholera
Extracellular transport of cholera toxin B subunit using Neisseria IgA protease beta-domain: conformation-dependent outer membrane translocation.
Cholera
Facile Method for the Production of Recombinant Cholera Toxin B Subunit in E. coli.
Cholera
Facilitated production of secretory IgA against Shiga toxin B subunits by intranasal application of antigen-coated polystyrene microspheres.
Cholera
Fas signaling induces raft coalescence that is blocked by cholesterol depletion in human RPE cells undergoing apoptosis.
Cholera
Fate of injected 125I-labeled cholera toxin taken up by rat liver in vivo. Generation of the active A1 peptide in the endosomal compartment.
Cholera
Feedback connections to ferret striate cortex: direct evidence for visuotopic convergence of feedback inputs.
Cholera
Fiber connections of the hippocampal formation and septum and subdivisions of the hippocampal formation in the pigeon as revealed by tract tracing and kainic acid lesions.
Cholera
Fluid shear stress induces the clustering of heparan sulfate via mobility of glypican-1 in lipid rafts.
Cholera
Fluorescence analysis of galactose, lactose, and fucose interaction with the cholera toxin B subunit.
Cholera
Fluorescence analysis of the interaction between ganglioside GM1-containing phospholipid vesicles and the B subunit of cholera toxin.
Cholera
Fluorescently labeled liposomes for monitoring cholera toxin binding to epithelial cells.
Cholera
Focal junctions retard lateral movement and disrupt fluid phase connectivity in the plasma membrane.
Cholera
Food plant-delivered cholera toxin B subunit for vaccination and immunotolerization.
Cholera
Foot-and-mouth disease virus VP1 protein fused with cholera toxin B subunit expressed in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii chloroplast.
Cholera
Forebrain afferents to the rat dorsal raphe nucleus demonstrated by retrograde and anterograde tracing methods.
Cholera
Forebrain projections of tuberoinfundibular peptide of 39 residues (TIP39)-containing subparafascicular neurons.
Cholera
Formulation of HIV-envelope protein with lipid vesicles expressing ganglioside GM1 associated to cholera toxin B enhances mucosal immune responses.
Cholera
Formulation of inactivated influenza vaccines for providing effective cross-protection by intranasal vaccination in mice.
Cholera
Fos expression in afferents to the rat midline thalamus following immobilization stress.
Cholera
Frequent nasal administrations of recombinant cholera toxin B subunit (rCTB)-containing tetanus and diphtheria toxoid vaccines induced antigen-specific serum and mucosal immune responses in the presence of anti-rCTB antibodies.
Cholera
From the Cover: Rice-based mucosal vaccine as a global strategy for cold-chain- and needle-free vaccination.
Cholera
Frontal affinity chromatography-mass spectrometry assay technology for multiple stages of drug discovery: applications of a chromatographic biosensor.
Cholera
Frontal cortex stroke-induced impairment in spatial working memory on the trial-unique nonmatching-to-location task in mice.
Cholera
FTY720/fingolimod increases NPC1 and NPC2 expression and reduces cholesterol and sphingolipid accumulation in Niemann-Pick type C mutant fibroblasts.
Cholera
Functional identification of central afferent projections conveying information of acute "stress" to the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus.
Cholera
Functional Interaction Analysis of GM1-Related Carbohydrates and Vibrio cholerae Toxins Using Carbohydrate Microarray.
Cholera
Functional interaction of Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin with blood group A-active glycoconjugates from differentiated HT29 cells.
Cholera
Functional role of respiratory tract haemagglutinin-specific IgA antibodies in protection against influenza.
Cholera
Functional roles of intrinsic neurotrophin-3 in spinal neuroplasticity of cats following partial ganglionectomy.
Cholera
Further evidence for the role of IP 3R 1 in regulating subsynaptic gene expression and neuromuscular transmission.
Cholera
Fusions to the cholera toxin B subunit: influence on pentamerization and GM1 binding.
Cholera
GABAergic inputs to the nucleus rotundus (pulvinar inferior) of the pigeon (columba livia).
Cholera
GABAergic projection from the ventral tegmental area and substantia nigra to the periaqueductal gray region and the dorsal raphe nucleus.
Cholera
Galectin-1 is a major receptor for ganglioside GM1, a product of the growth-controlling activity of a cell surface ganglioside sialidase, on human neuroblastoma cells in culture.
Cholera
Galectin-3 regulates mobility of N-cadherin and GM1 ganglioside at cell-cell junctions of mammary carcinoma cells.
Cholera
gamma-Aminobutyric Acid Cells with Cocaine-Induced DeltaFosB in the Ventral Tegmental Area Innervate Mesolimbic Neurons.
Cholera
Ganglioside composition of subcellular fractions, including pre- and postsynaptic membranes, from Torpedo electric organ.
Cholera
Ganglioside-dependent adhesion events of human neuroblastoma cells regulated by the RGDS-dependent fibronectin receptor and proteoglycans.
Cholera
Gas phase characterization of the noncovalent quaternary structure of cholera toxin and the cholera toxin B subunit pentamer.
Cholera
Gastrointestinal delivery of baculovirus displaying influenza virus hemagglutinin protects mice against heterologous H5N1 infection.
Cholera
Gene expression and protein distribution of orexins and orexin receptors in rat retina.
Cholera
Gene fusion of cholera toxin B subunit and HBV PreS2 epitope and the antigenicity of fusion protein.
Cholera
Gene Interference with Morpholinos in a Gold Nanoparticle-Based Delivery Platform in Rat PC12 Cells.
Cholera
Generation of transgenic corn-derived Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae ApxIIA fused with the cholera toxin B subunit as a vaccine candidate.
Cholera
Genetic traits of Vibrio cholerae O1 Haitian isolates that are absent in contemporary strains from Kolkata, India.
Cholera
Genioglossal hypoglossal motoneurons contact substance P-like immunoreactive nerve terminals in the cat: a dual labeling electron microscopic study.
Cholera
Genioglossal hypoglossal muscle motoneurons are contacted by nerve terminals containing delta opioid receptor but not mu opioid receptor-like immunoreactivity in the cat: a dual labeling electron microscopic study.
Cholera
Glucosylceramide synthase inhibitor inhibits the action of nerve growth factor in PC12 cells.
Cholera
Glutamate and AMPA receptor immunoreactivity in Ia synapses with motoneurons and neurons of the central cervical nucleus.
Cholera
Glutamate- and GABA-immunoreactive synapses on sympathetic preganglionic neurons caudal to a spinal cord transection in rats.
Cholera
Glutamate-immunoreactive synapses on retrogradely-labelled sympathetic preganglionic neurons in rat thoracic spinal cord.
Cholera
Glutamatergic Kölliker-Fuse nucleus neurons innervate hypoglossal motoneurons whose axons form the medial (protruder) branch of the hypoglossal nerve in the rat.
Cholera
Glutamatergic pathways from the Kölliker-Fuse nucleus to the phrenic nucleus in the rat.
Cholera
Glutamatergic thalamopallial projections in the pigeon identified by retrograde labeling and expression of vGluT2 mRNA.
Cholera
Glutamic acid decarboxylase epitope protects against autoimmune diabetes through activation of Th2 immune response and induction of possible regulatory mechanism.
Cholera
Glycolipid Crosslinking Is Required for Cholera Toxin to Partition Into and Stabilize Ordered Domains.
Cholera
Glycopolymers Mimicking GM1 Gangliosides: Cooperativity of Galactose and Neuraminic Acid for Cholera Toxin Recognition.
Cholera
Glycosyl chains and 25-hydroxycholesterol contribute to the intracellular transport of amyloid beta (A?-42) in Jurkat T cells.
Cholera
GM(1)-functionalized liposomes in a microtiter plate assay for cholera toxin in Vibrio cholerae culture samples.
Cholera
GM1 ganglioside modulates prostaglandin E1 stimulated adenylyl cyclase in neuro-2A cells.
Cholera
Golgi staining-like retrograde labeling of brain circuits using rabies virus: Focus onto the striatonigral neurons.
Cholera
Golgi, trafficking, and mitosis dysfunctions in pulmonary arterial endothelial cells exposed to monocrotaline pyrrole and NO scavenging.
Cholera
Governor Vessel Electro-Acupuncture Promotes the Intrinsic Growth Ability of Spinal Neurons through Activating Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide/?-Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase/Neurotrophin-3 Pathway after Spinal Cord Injury.
Cholera
Grafting protein ligand monolayers onto the surface of microparticles for probing the accessibility of cell surface receptors.
Cholera
Group B Streptococcus capsular polysaccharide-cholera toxin B subunit conjugate vaccines prepared by different methods for intranasal immunization.
Cholera
GRP75 upregulates clathrin-independent endocytosis through actin cytoskeleton reorganization mediated by the concurrent activation of Cdc42 and RhoA.
Cholera
H-2-unrestricted adjuvant effect of cholera toxin B subunit on murine antibody responses to influenza virus haemagglutinin.
Cholera
Haemagglutination induced by Bordetella pertussis filamentous haemagglutinin adhesin (FHA) is inhibited by antibodies produced against FHA(430-873) fragment expressed in Lactobacillus casei.
Cholera
Heat-stable oral alga-based vaccine protects mice from Staphylococcus aureus infection.
Cholera
Hepatic and pancreatic glycosphingolipid phenotypes of the neurological different rat strains.
Cholera
Heterogeneous Ganglioside-Enriched Nanoclusters with Different Densities in Membrane Rafts Detected by a Peptidyl Molecular Probe.
Cholera
Heterologous expression of delta F508 CFTR results in decreased sialylation of membrane glycoconjugates.
Cholera
Heteropentameric cholera toxin B subunit chimeric molecules genetically fused to a vaccine antigen induce systemic and mucosal immune responses: a potential new strategy to target recombinant vaccine antigens to mucosal immune systems.
Cholera
High expression of cytochrome b 5 reductase isoform 3/cytochrome b 5 system in the cerebellum and pyramidal neurons of adult rat brain.
Cholera
High level expression of a functionally active cholera toxin B: rabies glycoprotein fusion protein in tobacco seeds.
Cholera
High-level expression of codon optimized foot-and-mouth disease virus complex epitopes and cholera toxin B subunit chimera in Hansenula polymorpha.
Cholera
High-speed single-particle tracking of GM1 in model membranes reveals anomalous diffusion due to interleaflet coupling and molecular pinning.
Cholera
High-throughput imaging method for direct assessment of GM1 ganglioside levels in mammalian cells.
Cholera
High-yield expression of a viral peptide animal vaccine in transgenic tobacco chloroplasts.
Cholera
HIV-1 gp120 V3 cholera toxin B subunit fusion gene expression in transgenic potato.
Cholera
Homologous sequences in cholera toxin A and B subunits to peptide domains in myelin basic protein.
Cholera
Host response to Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin via two microvillus membrane receptors in the rat intestine.
Cholera
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 enters brain microvascular endothelia by macropinocytosis dependent on lipid rafts and the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway.
Cholera
Human infection with Ascaris lumbricoides is associated with suppression of the interleukin-2 response to recombinant cholera toxin B subunit following vaccination with the live oral cholera vaccine CVD 103-HgR.
Cholera
Human neural stem cell grafts in the spinal cord of SOD1 transgenic rats: differentiation and structural integration into the segmental motor circuitry.
Cholera
Humoral immune responses by prime-boost heterologous route immunizations with CTB-MPR(649-684), a mucosal subunit HIV/AIDS vaccine candidate.
Cholera
Humoral immunogenicity of an HIV-1 envelope residue 649-684 membrane-proximal region peptide fused to the plague antigen F1-V.
Cholera
Humoral, mucosal, and cellular immune response to topical immunization with a subunit respiratory syncytial virus vaccine.
Cholera
Hydralazine administration activates sympathetic preganglionic neurons whose activity mobilizes glucose and increases cardiovascular function.
Cholera
Hypoglossal Motor Neuron Death Via Intralingual CTB-saporin (CTB-SAP) Injections Mimic Aspects of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Related to Dysphagia.
Cholera
Hypothalamic and brainstem sources of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide nerve fibers innervating the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus in the rat.
Cholera
Identification of catecholaminergic inputs to and outputs from aromatase-containing brain areas of the Japanese quail by tract tracing combined with tyrosine hydroxylase immunocytochemistry.
Cholera
Identification of efferent neural pathways from the lamina terminalis activated by blood-borne relaxin.
Cholera
Identification of molecular-mimicry-based ligands for cholera diagnostics using magnetic relaxation.
Cholera
Identification of mouse trp homologs and lipid rafts from spermatogenic cells and sperm.
Cholera
Identification of the source of the bilateral projection system from cortex to somatosensory neostriatum and an exploration of its physiological actions.
Cholera
Identity, developmental restriction and reactivity of extralaminar cells capping mammalian neuromuscular junctions.
Cholera
Immune response following oral administration of cholera toxin B subunit to HIV-1-infected UK and Kenyan subjects.
Cholera
Immune response induced by recombinant Mycobacterium bovis BCG producing the cholera toxin B subunit.
Cholera
Immune response of the female rat genital tract after oral and local immunization with keyhole limpet hemocyanin conjugated to the cholera toxin B subunit.
Cholera
Immune response related to the molecular structure of a peptide from the cholera toxin B subunit.
Cholera
Immune responses following killed whole vibrio-B subunit oral cholera vaccine in human volunteers.
Cholera
Immune responses to O-specific polysaccharide (OSP) in North American adults infected with Vibrio cholerae O1 Inaba.
Cholera
Immune responses to the oral administration of recombinant Bacillus subtilis expressing multi-epitopes of foot-and-mouth disease virus and a cholera toxin B subunit.
Cholera
Immunfluorescence study of neuropeptides in identified neurons of the rat auditory superior olivary complex.
Cholera
Immunization of rabbits with recombinant Clostridium perfringens alpha toxins CPA-C and CTB-CPA-C in a bicistronic design expression system confers strong protection against challenge.
Cholera
Immunization of rats with the 260-kilodalton Entamoeba histolytica galactose-inhibitable lectin elicits an intestinal secretory immunoglobulin A response that has in vitro adherence-inhibitory activity.
Cholera
Immunization with cholera toxin B subunit induces high-level protection in the suckling mouse model of cholera.
Cholera
Immunization with the recombinant Cholera toxin B fused to Fimbria 2 protein protects against Bordetella pertussis infection.
Cholera
Immunogenicity and protective effect against oral colonization by Streptococcus mutans of synthetic peptides of a streptococcal surface protein antigen.
Cholera
Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of rotavirus VP8* fused to cholera toxin B subunit in a mouse model.
Cholera
Immunogenicity and virulence of attenuated vaccinia virus Tian Tan encoding HIV-1 muti-epitope genes, p24 and cholera toxin B subunit in mice.
Cholera
Immunogenicity characterization of the multi-epitope vaccine CTB-UE with chitosan-CpG as combination adjuvants against Helicobacter pylori.
Cholera
Immunogenicity evaluation of recombinant Lactobacillus casei W56 expressing bovine viral diarrhea virus E2 protein in conjunction with cholera toxin B subunit as an adjuvant.
Cholera
Immunogenicity of a Cholera Toxin B Subunit Porphyromonas gingivalis Fimbrial Antigen Fusion Protein Expressed in E. coli.
Cholera
Immunogenicity of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans serotype b-specific polysaccharide-protein conjugate.
Cholera
Immunogenicity of an S1D epitope from porcine epidemic diarrhea virus and cholera toxin B subunit fusion protein transiently expressed in infiltrated Nicotiana benthamiana leaves.
Cholera
Immunogenicity of chloroplast-derived HIV-1 p24 and a p24-Nef fusion protein following subcutaneous and oral administration in mice.
Cholera
Immunogenicity of cholera toxin B epitope inserted in Salmonella flagellin expressed on bacteria and administered as DNA vaccine.
Cholera
Immunogenicity of two formulations of oral cholera vaccine comprised of killed whole vibrios and the B subunit of cholera toxin.
Cholera
Immunoglobulin A-deficient mice exhibit altered T helper 1-type immune responses but retain mucosal immunity to influenza virus.
Cholera
Immunohistochemical characterization of cardiac vagal preganglionic neurons in the rat.
Cholera
Immunohistochemical evidence for the interaction between levator ani and pudendal motor neurons in the coordination of pelvic floor and visceral activity in the squirrel monkey.
Cholera
Immunohistochemical studies on glutamatergic, GABAergic and glycinergic axon varicosities presynaptic to parasympathetic preganglionic neurons in the superior salivatory nucleus of the rat.
Cholera
Immunological characterization of a rotavirus-neutralizing epitope fused to the cholera toxin B subunit.
Cholera
Immunological features and efficacy of a multi-epitope vaccine CTB-UE against H. pylori in BALB/c mice model.
Cholera
Immunological features and efficacy of the reconstructed epitope vaccine CtUBE against Helicobacter pylori infection in BALB/c mice model.
Cholera
Immunological features and the ability of inhibitory effects on enzymatic activity of an epitope vaccine composed of cholera toxin B subunit and B cell epitope from Helicobacter pylori urease A subunit.
Cholera
Immunological memory after immunization with oral cholera B subunit--whole-cell vaccine in Swedish volunteers.
Cholera
Immunological relationship of the B subunits of Campylobacter jejuni and Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxins.
Cholera
Immunological tools for the assessment of both humoral and cellular immune responses in Foxes (Vulpes vulpes) using ovalbumin and cholera toxin B as an antigenic model.
Cholera
Immunopathogenesis and prevention of uveitis with the Behçet's disease-specific peptide linked to cholera toxin B.
Cholera
Immunoreactivity for the NMDA NR1 subunit in bulbospinal catecholamine and serotonin neurons of rat ventral medulla.
Cholera
Immunosuppressive effect of cholera toxin B on allergic conjunctivitis model in guinea pig.
Cholera
Immunosuppressive effect of cholera toxin B on allergic conjunctivitis model in the guinea Pig
Cholera
Immunotherapy of autoimmune diabetes by nasal administration of tandem glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 peptides.
Cholera
Important Role for Fc?RIIB on B Lymphocytes for Mucosal Antigen-Induced Tolerance and Foxp3+ Regulatory T Cells.
Cholera
Improved expression of porcine epidemic diarrhea antigen by fusion with cholera toxin B subunit and chloroplast transformation in Nicotiana tabacum.
Cholera
In silico analyses of heat shock protein 60 and calreticulin to designing a novel vaccine shifting immune response toward T helper 2 in atherosclerosis.
Cholera
In vitro immunization can elicit the expansion of diverse repertoire of B cells from peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
Cholera
In vitro immunization of human peripheral blood lymphocytes: establishment of B cell lines secreting IgM specific for cholera toxin B subunit from lymphocytes stimulated with IL-2 and IL-4.
Cholera
In vivo biodistribution of prion- and GM1-targeted polymersomes following intravenous administration in mice.
Cholera
Increased concentration of GM1-ganglioside in cerebrospinal fluid in dogs with GM1- and GM2-gangliosidoses and its clinical application for diagnosis.
Cholera
Increased Immunogenicity to LipL32 of Leptospira interrogans when Expressed as a Fusion Protein with the Cholera Toxin B Subunit.
Cholera
Increased sensitivity of cholera toxin B treated K562 cells to natural killer cells.
Cholera
Indirect projections from the suprachiasmatic nucleus to major arousal-promoting cell groups in rat: implications for the circadian control of behavioural state.
Cholera
Indirect projections from the suprachiasmatic nucleus to the ventrolateral preoptic nucleus: a dual tract-tracing study in rat.
Cholera
Induced and spontaneous neuritogenesis are associated with enhanced expression of ganglioside GM1 in the nuclear membrane.
Cholera
Induction and distribution of intestinal immune responses after administration of recombinant cholera toxin B subunit in the ileal pouches of colectomized patients.
Cholera
Induction and recall of immune memory by mucosal immunization with a non-toxic recombinant enterotoxin-based chimeric protein.
Cholera
Induction of antibody-secreting cells and T-helper and memory cells in murine nasal lymphoid tissue.
Cholera
Induction of CD8+ cytotoxic T cells by immunization with killed influenza virus and effect of cholera toxin B subunit.
Cholera
Induction of cell signaling events by the cholera toxin B subunit in antigen-presenting cells.
Cholera
Induction of IgA and IgG antibodies in vaginal fluid, serum and saliva following immunization of genital and gut associated lymphoid tissue.
Cholera
Induction of immune responses and prevention of alveolar bone loss by intranasal administration of mice with Porphyromonas gingivalis fimbriae and recombinant cholera toxin B subunit.
Cholera
Induction of indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase in human dendritic cells by a cholera toxin B subunit-proinsulin vaccine.
Cholera
Induction of local and systemic immunity against human respiratory syncytial virus using a chimeric FG glycoprotein and cholera toxin B subunit.
Cholera
Induction of mucosal and systemic immune responses by intranasal immunization using recombinant cholera toxin B subunit as an adjuvant.
Cholera
Induction of mucosal immunity by intranasal application of a streptococcal surface protein antigen with the cholera toxin B subunit.
Cholera
Induction of neutralizing antibodies by a tobacco chloroplast-derived vaccine based on a B cell epitope from canine parvovirus.
Cholera
Induction of oral tolerance to prevent diabetes with transgenic plants requires glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) and IL-4.
Cholera
Induction of polyclonal and monoclonal antibody responses to cholera toxin by the synthetic peptide approach.
Cholera
Induction of protective antibody responses against pseudorabies virus by intranasal vaccination with glycoprotein B in mice.
Cholera
Induction of rat secretory IgA antibodies against cholera toxin by a synthetic peptide.
Cholera
Induction of specific immunity at mucosal surfaces: prospects for vaccine development.
Cholera
Induction of systemic and mucosal antibody responses in mice immunized intranasally with aluminium-non-adsorbed diphtheria toxoid together with recombinant cholera toxin B subunit as an adjuvant.
Cholera
Induction of systemic antifimbria and antitoxin antibody responses in Egyptian children and adults by an oral, killed enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli plus cholera toxin B subunit vaccine.
Cholera
Induction of systemic immune responses to measles virus synthetic peptides administered intranasally.
Cholera
Induction of toxin-specific neutralizing immunity by molecularly uniform rice-based oral cholera toxin B subunit vaccine without plant-associated sugar modification.
Cholera
INF-gamma rearranges membrane topography of MHC-I and ICAM-1 in colon carcinoma cells.
Cholera
Influence of exogenous reproductive hormones on specific antibody production in genital secretions after vaginal vaccination with recombinant cholera toxin B subunit in humans.
Cholera
Influence of intranasal immunization with synthetic peptides corresponding to conserved epitopes of M protein on mucosal colonization by group A streptococci.
Cholera
Influence of spinal cord hemisection on the configurational changes in motor and primary afferent neurons and the chemical messenger alterations in the rat lumbar segments.
Cholera
Inhibition of cell death by a novel 16.2 kD heat shock protein predominantly via Hsp90 mediated lipid rafts stabilization and Akt activation pathway.
Cholera
Inhibition of Fas-mediated apoptotic cell death of murine T lymphocytes in a mouse model of immunosenescence in linkage to deterioration in cell membrane raft function.
Cholera
Inhibition of murine leukemia (WEHI-3B and L1210) proliferation by cholera toxin B subunit.
Cholera
Inhibition of murine T cell activation by cholera toxin B subunit is not mediated through the phosphatidylinositol second messenger system.
Cholera
Injury to dorsal root ganglia alters innervation of spinal cord dorsal horn lamina involved in nociception.
Cholera
Innervation of the paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus from cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) containing neurons of the hypothalamus.
Cholera
Innervation of tracheal parasympathetic ganglia by esophageal cholinergic neurons: evidence from anatomic and functional studies in guinea pigs.
Cholera
Input from the inferior colliculus to medial olivocochlear neurons in the rat: a double label study with PHA-L and cholera toxin.
Cholera
Insular cortical and amygdaloid fibers are in contact with posterolateral hypothalamic neurons projecting to the nucleus of the solitary tract in the rat.
Cholera
Interaction of galectin-9 with lipid rafts induces osteoblast proliferation through the c-Src/ERK signaling pathway.
Cholera
Intergeniculate leaflet and ventral lateral geniculate nucleus afferent connections: An anatomical substrate for functional input from the vestibulo-visuomotor system.
Cholera
Interleukin 3-dependent mouse mast cells express the cholera toxin-binding acidic glycosphingolipid, ganglioside GM1, and increase their histamine content in response to toxin.
Cholera
Interleukin-10 and nerve growth factor have reciprocal upregulatory effects on intestinal epithelial cells.
Cholera
Interneurons presynaptic to rat tail-flick motoneurons as mapped by transneuronal transport of pseudorabies virus: few have long ascending collaterals.
Cholera
Intra nasal administration of poly-lactic acid microsphere co-encapsulated Yersinia pestis subunits confers protection from pneumonic plague in the mouse.
Cholera
Intra- and inter-areal connections between the primary visual cortex V1 and the area immediately surrounding V1 in the rat.
Cholera
Intracarotid glucose selectively increases Fos-like immunoreactivity in paraventricular, ventromedial and dorsomedial nuclei neurons.
Cholera
Intracellular phospholipase A1gamma (iPLA1gamma) is a novel factor involved in coat protein complex I- and Rab6-independent retrograde transport between the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi complex.
Cholera
Intracellular Uptake and Trafficking of Difluoroboron Dibenzoylmethane-Polylactide Nanoparticles in HeLa Cells.
Cholera
Intramuscular delivery of a cholera DNA vaccine primes both systemic and mucosal protective antibody responses against cholera.
Cholera
Intranasal administration is an effective mucosal vaccine delivery route for self-adjuvanting lipid core peptides targeting the group a streptococcal m protein.
Cholera
Intranasal administration of a Schistosoma mansoni glutathione S-transferase-cholera toxoid conjugate vaccine evokes antiparasitic and antipathological immunity in mice.
Cholera
Intranasal administration of adjuvant-combined recombinant influenza virus HA vaccine protects mice from the lethal H5N1 virus infection.
Cholera
Intranasal administration of recombinant Neisseria gonorrhoeae transferrin binding proteins A and B conjugated to the cholera toxin B subunit induces systemic and vaginal antibodies in mice.
Cholera
Intranasal immunization against dental caries with a Streptococcus mutans-enriched fimbrial preparation.
Cholera
Intranasal immunization of mice with group B streptococcal protein rib and cholera toxin B subunit confers protection against lethal infection.
Cholera
Intranasal immunization of mice with recombinant protein antigen of serotype c Streptococcus mutans and cholera toxin B subunit.
Cholera
Intranasal immunization with influenza virus and Korean mistletoe lectin C (KML-C) induces heterosubtypic immunity in mice.
Cholera
Intranasal Immunization with Influenza Virus-Like Particles Containing Membrane-Anchored Cholera Toxin B or Ricin Toxin B Enhances Adaptive Immune Responses and Protection against an Antigenically Distinct Virus.
Cholera
Intranasal immunization with liposomes induces strong mucosal immune responses in mice.
Cholera
Intranasal immunization with multivalent group A streptococcal vaccines protects mice against intranasal challenge infections.
Cholera
Intranasal immunization with recombinant Ascaris suum 14-kilodalton antigen coupled with cholera toxin B subunit induces protective immunity to A. suum infection in mice.
Cholera
Intranasal immunization with recombinant toxin-coregulated pilus and cholera toxin B subunit protects rabbits against Vibrio cholerae O1 challenge.
Cholera
Intranasal immunization with recombinant Trichinella spiralis serine protease elicits protective immunity in BALB/c mice.
Cholera
Intranasal immunization with the cholera toxin B subunit-pneumococcal surface antigen A fusion protein induces protection against colonization with Streptococcus pneumoniae and has negligible impact on the nasopharyngeal and oral microbiota of mice.
Cholera
Intranasal immunization with yeast-expressed 19 kD carboxyl-terminal fragment of Plasmodium yoelii merozoite surface protein-1 (yMSP119) induces protective immunity to blood stage malaria infection in mice.
Cholera
Intranasal or subcutaneous co-administration of recombinant cholera toxin B subunit stimulates only a slight or no level of the specific IgE response in mice to tetanus toxoid.
Cholera
Intranasal vaccination of humans with recombinant cholera toxin B subunit induces systemic and local antibody responses in the upper respiratory tract and the vagina.
Cholera
Intranasal vaccination with peptides and cholera toxin subunit B as adjuvant to enhance mucosal and systemic immunity to respiratory syncytial virus.
Cholera
Intranasal vaccination with SfbI or M protein-derived peptides conjugated to diphtheria toxoid confers protective immunity against a lethal challenge with Streptococcus pyogenes.
Cholera
Intranasal vaccination with streptococcal fibronectin binding protein Sfb1 fails to prevent growth and dissemination of Streptococcus pyogenes in a murine skin infection model.
Cholera
Intraperitoneal delivery of cholera toxin B subunit enhances systemic and mucosal antibody responses.
Cholera
Intrathecal Acetyl-L-Carnitine Protects Tissue and Improves Function after a Mild Contusive Spinal Cord Injury in Rats.
Cholera
Intrinsic and commissural connections within the entorhinal cortex. An anterograde and retrograde tract-tracing study in the cat.
Cholera
Intrinsic association fiber system of the piriform cortex: a quantitative study based on a cholera toxin B subunit tracing in the rat.
Cholera
Introductory evaluation of an oral, killed whole cell enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli plus cholera toxin B subunit vaccine in Egyptian infants.
Cholera
Invasion of host cells by JC virus identifies a novel role for caveolae in endosomal sorting of noncaveolar ligands.
Cholera
Investigating endocytic pathways to the endoplasmic reticulum and to the cytosol using SNAP-trap.
Cholera
Investigating the Influence of Membrane Composition on Protein-Glycolipid Binding Using Nanodiscs and Proxy Ligand Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry.
Cholera
Involvement of antigen-presenting cells in the enhancement of the in vitro antibody responses by cholera toxin B subunit.
Cholera
Involvement of serotonin 2A receptor activation in modulating medial prefrontal cortex and amygdala neuronal activation during novelty-exposure.
Cholera
Iontophoretic application of unconjugated cholera toxin B subunit (CTb) combined with immunohistochemistry of neurochemical substances: a method for transmitter identification of retrogradely labeled neurons.
Cholera
Is Remodelling of Corticospinal Tract Terminations Originating in the Intact Hemisphere Associated with Recovery following Transient Ischaemic Stroke in the Rat?
Cholera
Isolation and characterization of lipid microdomains from apical and basolateral plasma membranes of rat hepatocytes.
Cholera
Isolation and detection of a KDEL-tagged recombinant cholera toxin B subunit from Nicotiana benthamiana.
Cholera
Isolation and structural characterization of N-acetyl- and N-glycolylneuraminic-acid-containing GalNAc-GD1a isomers, IV4GalNAcIV3Neu5AcII3Neu5GcGgOse4Cer and IV4GalNAcIV3Neu5GcII3Neu5AcGgOse4Cer, from bovine brain.
Cholera
Janus Micromotors Coated with 2D Nanomaterials as Dynamic Interfaces for (Bio)-Sensing.
Cholera
Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (human herpesvirus 8) infection of human fibroblast cells occurs through endocytosis.
Cholera
Kinetics of local and systemic immune responses after vaginal immunization with recombinant cholera toxin B subunit in humans.
Cholera
Labeling of vagal motoneurons and central afferents after injection of cholera toxin B into the airway lumen.
Cholera
Lack of evidence for ectopic sprouting of genetically labeled A? touch afferents in inflammatory and neuropathic trigeminal pain.
Cholera
Lack of evidence for sprouting of Abeta afferents into the superficial laminas of the spinal cord dorsal horn after nerve section.
Cholera
Large cyclic peptides as cores of multivalent ligands: application to inhibitors of receptor binding by cholera toxin.
Cholera
Large-scale reconstitution of a retina-to-brain pathway in adult rats using gene therapy and bridging grafts: An anatomical and behavioral analysis.
Cholera
Lateral hypothalamus is required for context-induced reinstatement of extinguished reward seeking.
Cholera
Lateral parabrachial neurons innervate orexin neurons projecting to brainstem arousal areas in the rat.
Cholera
Leishmania donovani affects antigen presentation of macrophage by disrupting lipid rafts.
Cholera
Limits on plasticity in somatosensory cortex of adult rats: hindlimb cortex is not reactivated after dorsal column section.
Cholera
Lincomycin-induced over-expression of mature recombinant cholera toxin B subunit and the holotoxin in Escherichia coli.
Cholera
Line tension at lipid phase boundaries regulates formation of membrane vesicles in living cells.
Cholera
Lipid core peptide/poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) as a highly potent intranasal vaccine delivery system against Group A streptococcus.
Cholera
Lipid microdomain-dependent macropinocytosis determines compartmentation of Afipia felis.
Cholera
Lipid Raft Isolation by Sucrose Gradient Centrifugation and Visualization of Raft-Located Proteins by Fluorescence Microscopy: The Use of Combined Techniques to Assess Fas/CD95 Location in Rafts During Apoptosis Triggering.
Cholera
Lipid-protein cargo transfer: a mode of direct cell-to-cell communication for lipids and their associated proteins.
Cholera
Liposome Fluidity Alters Interactions Between the Ganglioside GM1 and Cholera Toxin B Subunit.
Cholera
Live staining and isolation of specific hormone-producing cells from rat anterior pituitary by cytochemistry with lectins and cholera toxin B subunit.
Cholera
Local and systemic immune response to a microencapsulated sub-unit vaccine for plague.
Cholera
Local and systemic immune responses to rectal administration of recombinant cholera toxin B subunit in humans.
Cholera
Local BDNF Delivery to the Injured Cervical Spinal Cord using an Engineered Hydrogel Enhances Diaphragmatic Respiratory Function.
Cholera
Localization of fibroblast growth factor-1 in cholinergic neurons innervating the rat larynx.
Cholera
Localization of lysine residues in the binding domain of the K99 fibrillar subunit of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli.
Cholera
Localization of N-methyl-D-aspartate NR2B subunits on primary sensory neurons that give rise to small-caliber sciatic nerve fibers in rats.
Cholera
Localization of Protein Complex Bound Ligands by Surface-Induced Dissociation High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry.
Cholera
Localization of the neurons active during paradoxical (REM) sleep and projecting to the locus coeruleus noradrenergic neurons in the rat.
Cholera
Localization of the origin of retinal efferents in the turtle brain and the involvement of nitric oxide synthase.
Cholera
Localization of TRPV1 and P2X3 in unmyelinated and myelinated vagal afferents in the rat.
Cholera
Locus Coeruleus Activation Patterns Differentially Modulate Odor Discrimination Learning and Odor Valence in Rats.
Cholera
Long- and short-time immunological memory in different strains of mice given nasally an adjuvant-combined nasal influenza vaccine.
Cholera
Long-lasting aberrant tubulovesicular membrane inclusions accumulate in developing motoneurons after a sublethal excitotoxic insult: a possible model for neuronal pathology in neurodegenerative disease.
Cholera
Loss and spontaneous recovery of forelimb evoked potentials in both the adult rat cuneate nucleus and somatosensory cortex following contusive cervical spinal cord injury.
Cholera
Loss of circadian photoentrainment and abnormal retinal electrophysiology in Math5 mutant mice.
Cholera
Loss of photic entrainment and altered free-running circadian rhythms in math5-/- mice.
Cholera
Low-cost production of proinsulin in tobacco and lettuce chloroplasts for injectable or oral delivery of functional insulin and C-peptide.
Cholera
LPS enhances CTB-INSULIN induction of IDO1 and IL-10 synthesis in human dendritic cells.
Cholera
M-cell targeted delivery of recombinant hepatitis B surface antigen using cholera toxin B subunit conjugated bilosomes.
Cholera
Magnetic nanoparticle-enhanced surface plasmon resonance biosensor for extracellular vesicle analysis.
Cholera
Manipulation of Electrostatic and Saccharide Linker Interactions in the Design of Efficient Glycopolypeptide-Based Cholera Toxin Inhibitors.
Cholera
Manipulation of intestinal immune responses against ovalbumin by cholera toxin and its B subunit in mice.
Cholera
Maternal immunization with pneumococcal surface protein A protects against pneumococcal infections among derived offspring.
Cholera
Mats made from fibronectin support oriented growth of axons in the damaged spinal cord of the adult rat.
Cholera
Measuring positive cooperativity using the direct ESI-MS assay. Cholera toxin B subunit homopentamer binding to GM1 pentasaccharide.
Cholera
Mechanism of chimeric vaccine stimulation of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase biosynthesis in human dendritic cells is independent of TGF-? signaling.
Cholera
Mechanism of enhancement of the immune responses to influenza vaccine with cholera toxin B subunit and a trace amount of holotoxin.
Cholera
Mechanisms of alveolar epithelial translocation of a defined population of nanoparticles.
Cholera
Medial dorsal hypothalamus mediates the inhibition of reward seeking after extinction.
Cholera
Medial prefrontal cortex control of the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus response to psychological stress: possible role of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis.
Cholera
Membrane lipid rafts are necessary for the maintenance of the (alpha)7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor in somatic spines of ciliary neurons.
Cholera
Membrane lipid rafts disturbance in the response of rat skeletal muscle to short-term disuse.
Cholera
Membrane Lipids Define Small Extracellular Vesicle Subtypes Secreted By Mesenchymal Stromal Cell.
Cholera
Membrane mobility and microdomain association of the dopamine transporter studied with fluorescence correlation spectroscopy and fluorescence recovery after photobleaching.
Cholera
Memory B cell and other immune responses in children receiving two doses of an oral killed cholera vaccine compared to responses following natural cholera infection in Bangladesh.
Cholera
Memory B cell responses to Vibrio cholerae O1 lipopolysaccharide are associated with protection against infection from household contacts of patients with cholera in Bangladesh.
Cholera
Merozoite surface protein-1 of Plasmodium yoelii fused via an oligosaccharide moiety of cholera toxin B subunit glycoprotein expressed in yeast induced protective immunity against lethal malaria infection in mice.
Cholera
Method for the synthesis of multi-epitopic Streptococcus pyogenes lipopeptide vaccines using native chemical ligation.
Cholera
Mice intranasally immunized with a recombinant 16-kilodalton antigen from roundworm Ascaris parasites are protected against larval migration of Ascaris suum.
Cholera
Micrometer-sized supported lipid bilayer arrays for bacterial toxin binding studies through total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy.
Cholera
Modification of the cholera toxin B subunit coding sequence to enhance expression in plants.
Cholera
Modulating the adjuvanticity of alum by co-administration of muramyl di-peptide (MDP) or Quil-A.
Cholera
Modulation of the humoral and cellular immune response in Abeta immunotherapy by the adjuvants monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL), cholera toxin B subunit (CTB) and E. coli enterotoxin LT(R192G).
Cholera
Molecular characterization of high-level-cholera-toxin-producing El Tor variant Vibrio cholerae strains in the Zanzibar Archipelago of Tanzania.
Cholera
Molecular characterization of Vibrio cholerae outbreak strains with altered El Tor biotype from southern India.
Cholera
Molecular characterization reveals involvement of altered El Tor biotype Vibrio cholerae O1 strains in cholera outbreak at Hyderabad, India.
Cholera
Molecular Epidemiology of Cholera Outbreaks during the Rainy Season in Mandalay, Myanmar.
Cholera
Molecular mimicry in Campylobacter jejuni: role of the lipo-oligosaccharide core oligosaccharide in inducing anti-ganglioside antibodies.
Cholera
Molecular modeling of methyl-?-Neu5Ac analogues docked against cholera toxin - a molecular dynamics study.
Cholera
Molecular profiling of murine sensory neurons in the nodose and dorsal root ganglia labeled from the peritoneal cavity.
Cholera
Molecular subtyping of toxigenic Vibrio cholerae O139 causing epidemic cholera in India and Bangladesh, 1992-1993.
Cholera
Monoamines and nitric oxide are employed by afferents engaged in midline thalamic regulation.
Cholera
Monoclonal antibodies against the enzymatic subunit of both pertussis and cholera toxins.
Cholera
Monosynaptic and disynaptic projections from the substantia nigra pars reticulata to the parafascicular thalamic nucleus in the rat.
Cholera
Monosynaptic circuitry of trigeminal proprioceptive afferents coordinating jaw movement with visceral and laryngeal activities in rats.
Cholera
Monosynaptic innervation of facial motoneurones by neurones of the parvicellular reticular formation.
Cholera
Monosynaptic innervation of trigeminal motor neurones involved in mastication by neurones of the parvicellular reticular formation.
Cholera
Monosynaptic Input Mapping of Diencephalic Projections to the Cerebrospinal Fluid-Contacting Nucleus in the Rat.
Cholera
Morphological changes of the soleus motoneuron pool in chronic midthoracic contused rats.
Cholera
Morphological distinction between vasodilator and secretomotor neurons in the pterygopalatine ganglion of the cat.
Cholera
Morphological observation of laryngeal motoneurons by means of cholera toxin B subunit tracing technique.
Cholera
Morphology and connections of nucleus isthmi pars magnocellularis in chicks (Gallus gallus).
Cholera
MSC secretes at least 3 EV types each with a unique permutation of membrane lipid, protein and RNA.
Cholera
Mucosal adjuvants and anti-infection and anti-immunopathology vaccines based on cholera toxin, cholera toxin B subunit and CpG DNA.
Cholera
Mucosal and systemic antibody responses against an acellular pertussis vaccine in mice after intranasal co-administration with recombinant cholera toxin B subunit as an adjuvant.
Cholera
Mucosal and systemic immunity to bovine herpesvirus-1 glycoprotein D confer resistance to viral replication and latency in cattle.
Cholera
Mucosal immune response of spotted sand bass Paralabrax maculatofasciatus (Steindachner, 1868) orally immunised with an extracellular lectin of Aeromonas veronii.
Cholera
Mucosal immunisation and adjuvants: a brief overview of recent advances and challenges.
Cholera
Mucosal immunization against hepatitis B virus by intranasal co-administration of recombinant hepatitis B surface antigen and recombinant cholera toxin B subunit as an adjuvant.
Cholera
Mucosal immunization with polyamine transport protein D (PotD) protects mice against nasopharyngeal colonization with Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Cholera
Mucosal model of genital immunization in male rhesus macaques with a recombinant simian immunodeficiency virus p27 antigen.
Cholera
Mucosal vaccination increases endothelial expression of mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule 1 in the human gastrointestinal tract.
Cholera
Mucosal vaccines based on the use of cholera toxin B subunit as immunogen and antigen carrier.
Cholera
Mucosally induced immunological tolerance, regulatory T cells and the adjuvant effect by cholera toxin B subunit.
Cholera
Multiple and alternative adhesive responses on defined substrata of an immortalized dorsal root neuron hybrid cell line.
Cholera
Multiplexed Lipid Bilayers on Silica Microspheres for Analytical Screening Applications.
Cholera
Multiplexing ligand-receptor binding measurements by chemically patterning microfluidic channels.
Cholera
Multiserotype protection of mice against pneumococcal colonization of the nasopharynx and middle ear by killed nonencapsulated cells given intranasally with a nontoxic adjuvant.
Cholera
Multivalent drug design and inhibition of cholera toxin by specific and transient protein-ligand interactions.
Cholera
Musculotopic organization of the facial motor nucleus in Macaca fascicularis: a morphometric and retrograde tracing study with cholera toxin B-HRP.
Cholera
Mutational analysis of ganglioside GM(1)-binding ability, pentamer formation, and epitopes of cholera toxin B (CTB) subunits and CTB/heat-labile enterotoxin B subunit chimeras.
Cholera
Mycobacterium avium- and Mycobacterium tuberculosis-containing vacuoles are dynamic, fusion-competent vesicles that are accessible to glycosphingolipids from the host cell plasmalemma.
Cholera
N-glycosylation of cholera toxin B subunit in Nicotiana benthamiana: impacts on host stress response, production yield and vaccine potential.
Cholera
N-Glycosylation of Cholera Toxin B Subunit: Serendipity for Novel Plant-Made Vaccines?
Cholera
Na+/H+ exchanger isoform 6 (NHE6/SLC9A6) is involved in clathrin-dependent endocytosis of transferrin.
Cholera
Nanodiscs for immobilization of lipid bilayers and membrane receptors: kinetic analysis of cholera toxin binding to a glycolipid receptor.
Cholera
Nasal administration of cholera toxin B subunit-nerve growth factor improves the space learning and memory abilities in beta-amyloid protein(25-35)-induced amnesic mice.
Cholera
Nasal administration of Schistosoma mansoni egg antigen-cholera B subunit conjugate suppresses hepatic granuloma formation and reduces mortality in S. mansoni-infected mice.
Cholera
Nasal and vaginal vaccinations have differential effects on antibody responses in vaginal and cervical secretions in humans.
Cholera
Nasal immunization with homogenate and peptide antigens induces protective immunity against Trichinella spiralis.
Cholera
Neoglycolipids as Glycosphingolipid Surrogates for Protein Binding Studies Using Nanodiscs and Native Mass Spectrometry.
Cholera
Neonatal whisker clipping alters intracortical, but not thalamocortical projections, in rat barrel cortex.
Cholera
Nerve growth factor promotes regeneration of sensory axons into adult rat spinal cord.
Cholera
Nerve injury alters restraint-induced activation of the basolateral amygdala in male rats.
Cholera
Neurite outgrowth in dorsal root neuronal hybrid clones modulated by ganglioside GM1 and disintegrins.
Cholera
Neuritogenesis, not receptor expression, of NG108-15 cells can be modulated by monosialoganglioside GM1.
Cholera
Neuroanatomical and neurochemical organization of projections from the central amygdaloid nucleus to the nucleus retroambiguus via the periaqueductal gray in the rat.
Cholera
Neuroanatomical study on the tecto-suprageniculate-dorsal auditory cortex pathway in the rat.
Cholera
Neurochemical and morphological phenotypes of vagal afferent neurons innervating the adult mouse jejunum.
Cholera
Neurokinin 1 receptor expression by neurons in laminae I, III and IV of the rat spinal dorsal horn that project to the brainstem.
Cholera
Neurokinin-1 receptor-immunoreactive sympathetic preganglionic neurons: target specificity and ultrastructure.
Cholera
Neuronal circuitry and synaptic organization of trigeminal proprioceptive afferents mediating tongue movement and jaw-tongue coordination via hypoglossal premotor neurons.
Cholera
Neuronal differentiation of Ewing's sarcoma induced by cholera toxin B and bromodeoxyuridine--establishment of Ewing's sarcoma cell line and histochemical study.
Cholera
Neuronal projections from the mesencephalic raphe nuclear complex to the suprachiasmatic nucleus and the deep pineal gland of the golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus).
Cholera
Neurons in the sacral parasympathetic nucleus that project to the hypothalamus do not also project through the pelvic nerve--a double labeling study combining Fluoro-gold and cholera toxin B in the rat.
Cholera
Neuropeptide Y acts in the paraventricular nucleus to suppress sympathetic nerve activity and its baroreflex regulation.
Cholera
Neuropeptide Y and enkephalin immunoreactivity in retinorecipient nuclei of the hamster pretectum and thalamus.
Cholera
Neuroprotective effect of Qinggan Lishui formula on retinal ganglion cell apoptosis in a microbead-induced rat chronic glaucoma model.
Cholera
Neutralization of cholera toxin by rat IgA secretory antibodies induced by a free synthetic peptide.
Cholera
Newly generated neurons at 2 months post-status epilepticus are functionally integrated into neuronal circuitry in mouse hippocampus.
Cholera
NGF but not NT-3 or BDNF prevents the A fiber sprouting into lamina II of the spinal cord that occurs following axotomy.
Cholera
Nigral axon terminals are in contact with parvicellular reticular neurons which project to the motor trigeminal nucleus in the rat.
Cholera
Nisin-induced expression of recombinant T cell epitopes of major Japanese cedar pollen allergens in Lactococcus lactis.
Cholera
Nitrergic neurons in the medial amygdala project to the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus of the rat.
Cholera
Nitric oxide attenuates signal transduction: possible role in dissociating caveolin-1 scaffold.
Cholera
Nitric oxide-synthesizing neurons in the hamster suprachiasmatic nucleus: a combined NOS- and NADPH- staining and retinohypothalamic tract tracing study.
Cholera
No protection in chickens immunized by the oral or intra-muscular immunization route with Ascaridia galli soluble antigen.
Cholera
Non-ionic surfactant vesicles mediated transcutaneous immunization against hepatitis B.
Cholera
Nonspanning bivalent ligands as improved surface receptor binding inhibitors of the cholera toxin B pentamer.
Cholera
Notes on the combined use of V-VIP and DAB peroxidase substrates for the detection of colocalising antigens.
Cholera
Novel mucosal DNA-MVA HIV vaccination in which DNA-IL-12 plus cholera toxin B subunit (CTB) cooperates to enhance cellular systemic and mucosal genital tract immunity.
Cholera
Novel mucosal immunization with polysaccharide-protein conjugates entrapped in alginate microspheres.
Cholera
Novel strategy in Trypanosoma cruzi cell invasion: implication of cholesterol and host cell microdomains.
Cholera
O-specific polysaccharide (OSP)-specific memory B cell responses in young children, older children and adults infected with Vibrio cholerae O1 Ogawa in Bangladesh.
Cholera
Occurrence of gangliosides in the common squid and pacific octopus among protostomia.
Cholera
Oestrogen receptor-alpha-immunoreactive neurones project to the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the female Syrian hamster.
Cholera
Oligomers of the ATPase EHD2 confine caveolae to the plasma membrane through association with actin.
Cholera
Oligosaccharide-derivatized dendrimers: defined multivalent inhibitors of the adherence of the cholera toxin B subunit and the heat labile enterotoxin of E. coli to GM1.
Cholera
ON and OFF retinal ganglion cells differentially regulate serotonergic and GABAergic activity in the dorsal raphe nucleus.
Cholera
Ontogeny of a photic response in the suprachiasmatic nucleus in the Siberian hamster (Phodopus sungorus).
Cholera
Ontogeny of the tectorotundal pathway in chicks (Gallus gallus): birthdating and pathway tracing study.
Cholera
Oral administration of a cholera toxin B subunit-insulin fusion protein produced in silkworm protects against autoimmune diabetes.
Cholera
Oral administration of a fusion protein between the cholera toxin B subunit and the 42-amino acid isoform of amyloid-? peptide produced in silkworm pupae protects against Alzheimer's disease in mice.
Cholera
Oral administration of a recombinant cholera toxin B subunit promotes mucosal healing in the colon.
Cholera
Oral administration of a streptococcal antigen coupled to cholera toxin B subunit evokes strong antibody responses in salivary glands and extramucosal tissues.
Cholera
Oral administration of cholera toxin B subunit conjugated to myelin basic protein protects against experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by inducing transforming growth factor-beta-secreting cells and suppressing chemokine expression.
Cholera
Oral administration of cholera toxin-Sendai virus conjugate potentiates gut and respiratory immunity against Sendai virus.
Cholera
Oral administration of collagen conjugated with cholera toxin induces tolerance to type II collagen and suppresses chondritis in an animal model of autoimmune ear disease.
Cholera
Oral administration of recombinant Bacillus subtilis spores expressing Helicobacter pylori neutrophil-activating protein suppresses peanut allergy via up-regulation of Tregs.
Cholera
Oral delivery of bioencapsulated exendin-4 expressed in chloroplasts lowers blood glucose level in mice and stimulates insulin secretion in beta-TC6 cells.
Cholera
Oral delivery of bioencapsulated proteins across blood-brain and blood-retinal barriers.
Cholera
Oral immunisation of chickens using cholera toxin B subunit and Softigen as adjuvants results in high antibody titre in the egg yolk.
Cholera
Oral immunisation of mice with transgenic rice calli expressing cholera toxin B subunit fused to consensus dengue cEDIII antigen induces antibodies to all four dengue serotypes.
Cholera
Oral immunization against cholera toxin with a live Yersinia enterocolitica carrier in mice.
Cholera
Oral immunization of mice with a live recombinant Yersinia enterocolitica O:9 strain that produces the cholera toxin B subunit.
Cholera
Oral Immunization with a Multivalent Epitope-Based Vaccine, Based on NAP, Urease, HSP60, and HpaA, Provides Therapeutic Effect on H. pylori Infection in Mongolian gerbils.
Cholera
Oral immunization with a synthetic peptide of cholera toxin B subunit. Obtention of neutralizing antibodies.
Cholera
Oral immunization with attenuated vaccine strains of Vibrio cholerae expressing a dodecapeptide repeat of the serine-rich Entamoeba histolytica protein fused to the cholera toxin B subunit induces systemic and mucosal antiamebic and anti-V. cholerae antibody responses in mice.
Cholera
Oral immunization with recombinant Lactococcus lactis delivering a multi-epitope antigen CTB-UE attenuates Helicobacter pylori infection in mice.
Cholera
Oral immunization with the dodecapeptide repeat of the serine-rich Entamoeba histolytica protein (SREHP) fused to the cholera toxin B subunit induces a mucosal and systemic anti-SREHP antibody response.
Cholera
Oral immunization with the saliva-binding region of Streptococcus mutans AgI/II genetically coupled to the cholera toxin B subunit elicits T-helper-cell responses in gut-associated lymphoid tissues.
Cholera
Oral immunogenicity and protective efficacy in mice of transgenic rice plants producing a vaccine candidate antigen (As16) of Ascaris suum fused with cholera toxin B subunit.
Cholera
Oral MucoRice expressing double-mutant cholera toxin A and B subunits induces toxin-specific neutralising immunity.
Cholera
Oral rice-based vaccine induces passive and active immunity against enterotoxigenic E. coli-mediated diarrhea in pigs.
Cholera
Oral tolerance induction with antigen conjugated to cholera toxin B subunit generates both Foxp3+CD25+ and Foxp3-CD25- CD4+ regulatory T cells.
Cholera
Oral tolerization with peptide 336-351 linked to cholera toxin B subunit in preventing relapses of uveitis in Behcet's disease.
Cholera
Oral vaccination with liposome-encapsulated recombinant fusion peptide of urease B epitope and cholera toxin B subunit affords prophylactic and therapeutic effects against H. pylori infection in BALB/c mice.
Cholera
Oral, inactivated, whole cell enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli plus cholera toxin B subunit vaccine: results of the initial evaluation in children. PRIDE Study Group.
Cholera
Orexinergic fibers are in contact with Kölliker-Fuse nucleus neurons projecting to the respiration-related nuclei in the medulla oblongata and spinal cord of the rat.
Cholera
Organization and neurochemistry of vagal preganglionic neurons innervating the lower esophageal sphincter in ferrets.
Cholera
Organization of anterior cingulate and frontal cortical projections to the retrosplenial cortex in the rat.
Cholera
Organization of projections from the medial agranular cortex to the superior colliculus in the rat: a study using anterograde and retrograde tracing methods.
Cholera
Organization of projections of rat retrosplenial cortex to the anterior thalamic nuclei.
Cholera
Organization of retrosplenial cortical projections to the anterior cingulate, motor, and prefrontal cortices in the rat.
Cholera
Organization of retrosplenial cortical projections to the laterodorsal thalamic nucleus in the rat.
Cholera
Organization of the nigro-tecto-bulbar pathway to the parvicellular reticular formation: a light- and electron-microscopic study in the rat.
Cholera
Organization of vestibular nucleus projections to the caudal dorsal cap of kooy in rabbits.
Cholera
Organizational connectivity among the CA1, subiculum, presubiculum, and entorhinal cortex in the rabbit.
Cholera
Origin and characterization of retrograde labeled neurons supplying the rat urethra using fiberoptic confocal fluorescent microscopy in vivo and immunohistochemistry.
Cholera
Origin of cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART)-immunoreactive innervation of the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus.
Cholera
Origin of noradrenergic afferents to the shell subregion of the nucleus accumbens: anterograde and retrograde tract-tracing studies in the rat.
Cholera
Outer membrane targeting of passenger proteins by the vacuolating cytotoxin autotransporter of Helicobacter pylori.
Cholera
Overexpression of a mutant B subunit in toxigenic Vibrio cholerae diminishes production of active cholera toxin in vivo.
Cholera
Paraventricular thalamus mediates context-induced reinstatement (renewal) of extinguished reward seeking.
Cholera
Paraventricular vasopressin-containing neurons project to brain stem and spinal cord respiratory-related sites.
Cholera
Parenteral and mucosal delivery of a novel multi-epitope M protein-based group A streptococcal vaccine construct: investigation of immunogenicity in mice.
Cholera
Participation of ABH glycoconjugates in the secretory response to Escherichia coli heat-labile toxin in rabbit intestine.
Cholera
Participation of the GM1 ganglioside in the gastrulation of anuran amphibian Bufo arenarum.
Cholera
Partitioning, diffusion, and ligand binding of raft lipid analogs in model and cellular plasma membranes.
Cholera
Passive oral immunization by egg yolk immunoglobulin (IgY) to Vibrio cholerae effectively prevents cholera.
Cholera
Pea-derived vaccines demonstrate high immunogenicity and protection in rabbits against rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus.
Cholera
Peptide nanofiber-CaCO3 composite microparticles as adjuvant-free oral vaccine delivery vehicles.
Cholera
Perfringolysin O association with ordered lipid domains: implications for transmembrane protein raft affinity.
Cholera
Peripheral and central terminations of hypoglossal afferents innervating lingual tactile mechanoreceptor complexes in Fringillidae.
Cholera
Peripheral axotomy induces depletion of the vesicular glutamate transporter VGLUT1 in central terminals of myelinated afferent fibres in the rat spinal cord.
Cholera
Peripheral axotomy induces only very limited sprouting of coarse myelinated afferents into inner lamina II of rat spinal cord.
Cholera
Peripheral chemoreceptor inputs to retrotrapezoid nucleus (RTN) CO2-sensitive neurons in rats.
Cholera
Persistent suppression of type 1 diabetes by a multicomponent vaccine containing a cholera toxin B subunit-autoantigen fusion protein and complete Freund's adjuvant.
Cholera
Phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of Vibrio cholerae O1 isolated from the Sierra Leone cholera outbreak in 2012.
Cholera
Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of Vibrio cholerae clinically isolated in Surabaya, Indonesia.
Cholera
Phospholipase d promotes lipid microdomain-associated signaling events in mast cells.
Cholera
Phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 immunoreactivity identifies a novel subpopulation of sympathetic preganglionic neurons.
Cholera
Photochemical attachment of biomolecules onto fibre-optics for construction of a chemiluminescent immunosensor.
Cholera
Phrenic long-term facilitation following intrapleural CTB-SAP-induced respiratory motor neuron death.
Cholera
Phrenic motoneuron expression of serotonergic and glutamatergic receptors following upper cervical spinal cord injury.
Cholera
Physicochemically stable cholera toxin B subunit pentamer created by peripheral molecular constraints imposed by de novo-introduced intersubunit disulfide crosslinks.
Cholera
Pim-1 Protects Retinal Ganglion Cells by Enhancing Their Regenerative Ability Following Optic Nerve Crush.
Cholera
Plant-synthesized E. coli CFA/I fimbrial protein protects Caco-2 cells from bacterial attachment.
Cholera
Plasma and memory B cell responses targeting O-specific polysaccharide (OSP) are associated with protection against Vibrio cholerae O1 infection among household contacts of cholera patients in Bangladesh.
Cholera
Plasma and Mucosal Immunoglobulin M, Immunoglobulin A, and Immunoglobulin G Responses to the Vibrio cholerae O1 Protein Immunome in Adults With Cholera in Bangladesh.
Cholera
Plasmodium vivax ookinete surface protein Pvs25 linked to cholera toxin B subunit induces potent transmission-blocking immunity by intranasal as well as subcutaneous immunization.
Cholera
Plasticity in the rat spinal cord seen in response to lesions to the motor cortex during development but not to lesions in maturity.
Cholera
Poly(lactic acid) microspheres as immunological adjuvants for orally delivered cholera toxin b subunit.
Cholera
Polyglutamic acid-trimethyl chitosan-based intranasal peptide nano-vaccine induces potent immune responses against group A streptococcus.
Cholera
Possible pathways through which neurons of the shell of the nucleus accumbens influence the outflow of the core of the nucleus accumbens.
Cholera
Posterior lateral hypothalamic axon terminals are in contact with trigeminal premotor neurons in the parvicellular reticular formation of the rat medulla oblongata.
Cholera
Postnatal development of the retinal projection to the nucleus of the optic tract and accessory optic nuclei in the hooded rat.
Cholera
Posttranslational Regulation of IL-23 Production Distinguishes the Innate Immune Responses to Live Toxigenic versus Heat-Inactivated Vibrio cholerae.
Cholera
Potentiation of a sodium-calcium exchanger in the nuclear envelope by nuclear GM1 ganglioside.
Cholera
Pre-protachykinin A mRNA is colocalized with tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactivity in bulbospinal neurons.
Cholera
Precise spatial relationships between mossy fibers and climbing fibers in rat cerebellar cortical zones.
Cholera
Premotor neurons for trigeminal motor nucleus neurons innervating the jaw-closing and jaw-opening muscles: differential distribution in the lower brainstem of the rat.
Cholera
Prenatal zinc supplementation of zinc-adequate rats adversely affects immunity in offspring.
Cholera
Preparation and characterization of a novel pyrrole-benzophenone copolymerized silica nanocomposite as a reagent in a visual immunologic-agglutination test.
Cholera
Preparation and preclinical evaluation of experimental group B streptococcus type III polysaccharide-cholera toxin B subunit conjugate vaccine for intranasal immunization.
Cholera
Presence of neuronal nitric oxide synthase in autonomic and sensory ganglion neurons innervating the lacrimal glands of the cat: an immunofluorescent and retrograde tracer double-labeling study.
Cholera
Prevention of acute graft-versus-host disease by treatment with a novel immunosuppressant. Cholera toxin B subunit.
Cholera
Prevention of mucosally induced uveitis with a HSP60-derived peptide linked to cholera toxin B subunit.
Cholera
Primary afferent fibers of the pelvic nerve terminate in the gracile nucleus of the rat.
Cholera
Priming of measles virus-specific CTL responses after immunization with a CTL epitope linked to a fusogenic peptide.
Cholera
Probing Heteromultivalent Protein-Glycosphingolipid Interactions using Native Mass Spectrometry and Nanodiscs.
Cholera
Probing Nanoscale Diffusional Heterogeneities in Cellular Membranes through Multidimensional Single-Molecule and Super-Resolution Microscopy.
Cholera
Production of a plant-derived immunogenic protein targeting ApoB100 and CETP: toward a plant-based atherosclerosis vaccine.
Cholera
Production of a recombinant cholera toxin B subunit-insulin B chain peptide hybrid protein by Brevibacillus choshinensis expression system as a nasal vaccine against autoimmune diabetes.
Cholera
Production of Ascaris suum As14 protein and its fusion protein with cholera toxin B subunit in rice seeds.
Cholera
Production of Chicken Egg Yolk Antibody (IgY) Against Recombinant Cholera Toxin B Subunit and Evaluation of Its Prophylaxis Potency in Mice.
Cholera
Production of cytotoxins and enterotoxins by strains of Shigella and Salmonella isolated from children with bloody diarrhea.
Cholera
Production of Recombinant Cholera Toxin B Subunit in Nicotiana benthamiana Using GENEWARE® Tobacco Mosaic Virus Vector.
Cholera
Programmed reduction of ABC transporter activity in sea urchin germline progenitors.
Cholera
Projection neurons in the superior olivary complex of the rat auditory brainstem: a double retrograde tracing study.
Cholera
Projections from the anterior basomedial and anterior cortical amygdaloid nuclei to melanin-concentrating hormone-containing neurons in the lateral hypothalamus of the rat.
Cholera
Projections from the hippocampal and parahippocampal regions to the entorhinal cortex. An anterograde and retrograde tract-tracing study in the cat.
Cholera
Projections from the paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus to the forebrain, with special emphasis on the extended amygdala.
Cholera
Projections from the vestibular nuclei to the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus: morphological evidence for the existence of a vestibular stress pathway in the rat brain.
Cholera
Projections of GABAergic and cholinergic basal forebrain and GABAergic preoptic-anterior hypothalamic neurons to the posterior lateral hypothalamus of the rat.
Cholera
Prolonged local neurotrophin-3 infusion reduces ipsilateral collateral sprouting of spared corticospinal axons in adult rats.
Cholera
Prolonged oral treatment with low doses of allergen conjugated to cholera toxin B subunit suppresses immunoglobulin E antibody responses in sensitized mice.
Cholera
Prolonged survival time of allografts by the oral administration of RDP58 linked to the cholera toxin B subunit.
Cholera
Prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy of the epitope vaccine CTB-UA against Helicobacter pylori infection in a BALB/c mice model.
Cholera
Protection against Autoimmune Diabetes by Silkworm-Produced GFP-Tagged CTB-Insulin Fusion Protein.
Cholera
Protection against Helicobacter pylori infection in BALB/c mice by oral administration of multi-epitope vaccine of CTB-UreI-UreB.
Cholera
Protection Against Helicobacter pylori Infection in BALB/c Mouse Model by Oral Administration of Multivalent Epitope-Based Vaccine of Cholera Toxin B Subunit-HUUC.
Cholera
Protection against influenza virus infection by a two-dose regimen of nasal vaccination using vaccines combined with cholera toxin B subunit.
Cholera
Protection against influenza virus infection by intranasal administration of C3d-fused hemagglutinin.
Cholera
Protection against influenza virus infection by vaccine inoculated intranasally with cholera toxin B subunit.
Cholera
Protection against measles virus-induced encephalitis by antibodies from mice immunized intranasally with a synthetic peptide immunogen.
Cholera
Protection against Multiple Subtypes of Influenza Viruses by Virus-Like Particle Vaccines Based on a Hemagglutinin Conserved Epitope.
Cholera
Protection against systemic fatal pneumococcal infection by maternal intranasal immunization with pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA).
Cholera
Protection of mice against Aujeszky's disease virus infection by intranasal vaccination with inactivated virus.
Cholera
Protection of mice from group A streptococcal infection by intranasal immunisation with a peptide vaccine that contains a conserved M protein B cell epitope and lacks a T cell autoepitope.
Cholera
Protection of NOD mice from type 1 diabetes after oral inoculation with vaccinia viruses expressing adjuvanted islet autoantigens.
Cholera
Protection of pneumococcal infection by maternal intranasal immunization with pneumococcal surface protein a.
Cholera
Protective effect of nasal immunization of influenza virus hemagglutinin with recombinant cholera toxin B subunit as a mucosal adjuvant in mice.
Cholera
Protective immune response against Streptococcus pyogenes in mice after intranasal vaccination with the fibronectin-binding protein SfbI.
Cholera
Protective immune response of chickens against Newcastle disease, induced by the intranasal vaccination with inactivated virus.
Cholera
Protective immunity against influenza H5N1 virus challenge in mice by intranasal co-administration of baculovirus surface-displayed HA and recombinant CTB as an adjuvant.
Cholera
Protective immunity against Naegleria fowleri infection on mice immunized with the rNfa1 protein using mucosal adjuvants.
Cholera
Protein-glycolipid interactions studied in vitro using ESI-MS and nanodiscs: insights into the mechanisms and energetics of binding.
Cholera
Proteosomes, emulsomes, and cholera toxin B improve nasal immunogenicity of human immunodeficiency virus gp160 in mice: induction of serum, intestinal, vaginal, and lung IgA and IgG.
Cholera
Purified cholera toxin B subunit from transgenic tobacco plants possesses authentic antigenicity.
Cholera
Quantitative analysis of spinally projecting adrenaline-synthesising neurons of C1, C2 and C3 groups in rat medulla oblongata.
Cholera
Quantitative proteomics analysis of detergent-resistant membranes from chemical synapses: evidence for cholesterol as spatial organizer of synaptic vesicle cycling.
Cholera
Quest for Novel Preventive and Therapeutic Options Against Multidrug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Cholera
Rabbit intestinal glycoprotein receptor for Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin lacking affinity for cholera toxin.
Cholera
Rabies glycoprotein fused with B subunit of cholera toxin expressed in tobacco plants folds into biologically active pentameric protein.
Cholera
Randomized, controlled study of the safety and immunogenicity of Peru-15, a live attenuated oral vaccine candidate for cholera, in adult volunteers in Bangladesh.
Cholera
Rapid and Scalable Plant-based Production of a Cholera Toxin B Subunit Variant to Aid in Mass Vaccination against Cholera Outbreaks.
Cholera
Rapid screening of toxigenic vibrio cholerae O1 strains from south Iran by PCR-ELISA.
Cholera
Real-time cross-correlation image analysis of early events in IgE receptor signaling.
Cholera
Real-time full-spectral imaging and affinity measurements from 50 microfluidic channels using nanohole surface plasmon resonance.
Cholera
Reciprocal and topographic connections between the piriform and prefrontal cortices in the rat: a tracing study using the B subunit of the cholera toxin.
Cholera
Recombinant Bacillus subtilis spores expressing cholera toxin B subunit and Helicobacter pylori urease B confer protection against H. pylori in mice.
Cholera
Recombinant cholera toxin B subunit (rCTB) as a mucosal adjuvant enhances induction of diphtheria and tetanus antitoxin antibodies in mice by intranasal administration with diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus (DPT) combination vaccine.
Cholera
Recombinant cholera toxin B subunit activates dendritic cells and enhances antitumor immunity.
Cholera
Recombinant cholera toxin B subunit acts as an adjuvant for the mucosal and systemic responses of mice to mucosally co-administered bovine serum albumin.
Cholera
Recombinant cholera toxin B subunit in Escherichia coli: high-level secretion, purification, and characterization.
Cholera
Recombinant cholera toxin B subunit is not an effective mucosal adjuvant for oral immunization of mice against Helicobacter felis.
Cholera
Recombinant fusion protein for simple detection of Escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxin by GM1 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
Cholera
Recombinant fusion protein of cholera toxin B subunit with YVAD secreted by Lactobacillus casei inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced caspase-1 activation and subsequent IL-1 beta secretion in Caco-2 cells.
Cholera
Recombinant system for overexpression of cholera toxin B subunit in Vibrio cholerae as a basis for vaccine development.
Cholera
Recombinant unpurified rETXH106P/ CTB-rETXY196E protects rabbits against Clostridium perfringens epsilon toxin.
Cholera
Redox signaling via lipid raft clustering in homocysteine-induced injury of podocytes.
Cholera
Reduced axonal transport and increased excitotoxic retinal ganglion cell degeneration in mice transgenic for human mutant P301S tau.
Cholera
Reduced doses of oral killed enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli plus cholera toxin B subunit vaccine is safe and immunogenic in Bangladeshi infants 6-17 months of age: Dosing studies in different age groups.
Cholera
Reduction in oral immunogenicity of cholera toxin B subunit by N-terminal peptide addition.
Cholera
Regeneration of adult rat sensory axons into intraspinal nerve grafts: promoting effects of conditioning lesion and graft predegeneration.
Cholera
Regional differences in serotonergic input to canine parasternal intercostal motoneurons.
Cholera
Regional distribution of iodomelatonin binding sites within the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the Syrian hamster and the Siberian hamster.
Cholera
Regulation of cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript-synthesising neurons of the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus by endotoxin; implications for lipopolysaccharide-induced regulation of energy homeostasis.
Cholera
Regulation of proliferation by the cholera toxin B subunit in FRTL-5 cells may involve a mechanism independent from the modulation of membrane receptor function.
Cholera
Reinnervation of the pretectum in adult rats by regenerated retinal ganglion cell axons: anatomical and functional studies.
Cholera
Relative number and distribution of murine hypothalamic proopiomelanocortin neurons innervating distinct target sites.
Cholera
Relative Roles of GM1 Ganglioside, N-Acylneuraminic Acids, and ?2?1 Integrin in Mediating Rotavirus Infection.
Cholera
Release from Th1-type immune tolerance in spleen and enhanced production of IL-5 in Peyer's patch by cholera toxin B induce the glomerular deposition of IgA.
Cholera
Reorganization of CA3 area of the mouse hippocampus after pilocarpine induced temporal lobe epilepsy with special reference to the CA3-septum pathway.
Cholera
Repeated Oral Administration of a KDEL-tagged Recombinant Cholera Toxin B Subunit Effectively Mitigates DSS Colitis Despite a Robust Immunogenic Response.
Cholera
Resection of sciatic nerve re-triggers central sprouting of A-fibre primary afferents in the rat.
Cholera
Resiniferatoxin induces paradoxical changes in thermal and mechanical sensitivities in rats: mechanism of action.
Cholera
Respiratory function after selective respiratory motor neuron death from intrapleural CTB-saporin injections.
Cholera
Restraint of proinflammatory cytokine biosynthesis by mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1 in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages.
Cholera
Retinal Projections in the Short-tailed Fruit Bat, Carollia perspicillata, as Studied Using the Axonal Transport of Cholera Toxin B Subunit: Comparison with Mouse.
Cholera
Retinal, NPY- and 5ht- inputs to the aged suprachiasmatic nucleus in common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus).
Cholera
Retinofugal Projections Into Visual Brain Structures in the Bat Artibeus planirostris: A CTb Study.
Cholera
Retinopetal neurons located in the diencephalon of the Japanese monkey (Macaca fuscata).
Cholera
Retrograde and transganglionic transport of horseradish peroxidase-conjugated cholera toxin B subunit, wheatgerm agglutinin and isolectin B4 from Griffonia simplicifolia I in primary afferent neurons innervating the rat urinary bladder.
Cholera
Retrograde labeling reveals extensive distribution of genioglossal motoneurons possessing 5-HT2A receptors throughout the hypoglossal nucleus of adult dogs.
Cholera
Retrograde neuronal tracing with cholera toxin B subunit: comparison of three different visualization methods.
Cholera
Retrograde projections to a discrete apneic site in the midline medulla oblongata of the rat.
Cholera
Retrograde transneuronal degeneration in the retina and lateral geniculate nucleus of the V1-lesioned marmoset monkey.
Cholera
Reverse micelle-encapsulated recombinant baculovirus as an oral vaccine against H5N1 infection in mice.
Cholera
Rhesus rhadinovirus infection of rhesus fibroblasts occurs through clathrin-mediated endocytosis.
Cholera
RhinoVax is an efficient adjuvant in oral immunisation of young chickens and cholera toxin B is an effective oral primer in subcutaneous immunisation with Freund's incomplete adjuvant.
Cholera
Robust gut associated vaccine-specific antibody-secreting cell responses are detected at the mucosal surface of Bangladeshi subjects after immunization with an oral killed bivalent V. cholerae O1/O139 whole cell cholera vaccine: comparison with other mucosal and systemic responses.
Cholera
Role of Anterior Intralaminar Nuclei of Thalamus Projections to Dorsomedial Striatum in Incubation of Methamphetamine Craving.
Cholera
Role of CD80 and CD86 in host immune responses to the recombinant hemagglutinin domain of Porphyromonas gingivalis gingipain and in the adjuvanticity of cholera toxin B and monophosphoryl lipid A.
Cholera
Role of prefrontal cortex projections to the nucleus accumbens core in mediating the effects of ceftriaxone on cue-induced cocaine seeking.
Cholera
Role of Projections between Piriform Cortex and Orbitofrontal Cortex in Relapse to Fentanyl Seeking after Palatable Food Choice-Induced Voluntary Abstinence.
Cholera
Rostroventrolateral medulla neurons with commissural projections provide input to sympathetic premotor neurons: anatomical and functional evidence.
Cholera
Routes of immunization and antigen delivery systems for optimal mucosal immune responses in humans.
Cholera
Safety and immunogenicity of an enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli vaccine patch containing heat-labile toxin: use of skin pretreatment to disrupt the stratum corneum.
Cholera
Safety and immunogenicity of an oral, inactivated enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli plus cholera toxin B subunit vaccine in Bangladeshi adults and children.
Cholera
Safety and immunogenicity of an oral, inactivated enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli plus cholera toxin B subunit vaccine in Bangladeshi children 18-36 months of age.
Cholera
Safety and immunogenicity of an oral, killed enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli-cholera toxin B subunit vaccine in Egyptian adults.
Cholera
Safety and immunogenicity of two different lots of the oral, killed enterotoxigenic escherichia coli-cholera toxin B subunit vaccine in Israeli young adults.
Cholera
Safety evaluation of recombinant cholera toxin B subunit produced by Bacillus brevis as a mucosal adjuvant.
Cholera
Safety of the Recombinant Cholera Toxin B Subunit, Killed Whole-Cell (rBS-WC) Oral Cholera Vaccine in Pregnancy.
Cholera
Salivary, nasal, genital, and systemic antibody responses in monkeys immunized intranasally with a bacterial protein antigen and the Cholera toxin B subunit.
Cholera
Sciatic nerve injury induces functional pro-nociceptive chemokine receptors in bladder-associated primary afferent neurons in the rat.
Cholera
Screening of a Glycopolymer Library of GM1 Mimics Containing Hydrophobic Units Using Surface Plasmon Resonance Imaging.
Cholera
Second order input to the medial amygdala from olfactory sensory neurons expressing the transduction channel TRPM5.
Cholera
Secretory IgA-mediated protection against V. cholerae and heat-labile enterotoxin-producing enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli by rice-based vaccine.
Cholera
Seed Metabolome Analysis of a Transgenic Rice Line Expressing Cholera Toxin B-subunit.
Cholera
Segregation of gangliosides GM1 and GD3 on cell membranes, isolated membrane rafts, and defined supported lipid monolayers.
Cholera
Selective distribution and function of primary afferent nociceptive inputs from deep muscle tissue to the brainstem trigeminal transition zone.
Cholera
Selective extracellular release of cholera toxin B subunit by Escherichia coli: dissection of Neisseria Iga beta-mediated outer membrane transport.
Cholera
Selective innervation of NK1 receptor-lacking lamina I spinoparabrachial neurons by presumed nonpeptidergic A? nociceptors in the rat.
Cholera
Selective innervation of retinorecipient brainstem nuclei by retinal ganglion cell axons regenerating through peripheral nerve grafts in adult rats.
Cholera
Selectivity in the reinnervation of the lateral gastrocnemius muscle after nerve repair with ethyl cyanoacrylate in the rat.
Cholera
Self-encapsulating Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) Microspheres for Intranasal Vaccine Delivery.
Cholera
Sequence of the amino-terminal part of enterotoxin from Clostridium perfringens type A: identification of points of trypsin activation.
Cholera
Serotonergic and non-serotonergic projections from the raphe nuclei to the piriform cortex in the rat: a cholera toxin B subunit (CTb) and 5-HT immunohistochemical study.
Cholera
Serotonergic projections to the rostroventrolateral medulla from midbrain and raphe nuclei.
Cholera
Serotonergic projections to the ventral respiratory column from raphe nuclei in rats.
Cholera
Serotonin 2A and 2B receptor-induced phrenic motor facilitation: differential requirement for spinal NADPH oxidase activity.
Cholera
Serotonin innervation patterns differ among the various medullary motoneuronal groups involved in upper airway control.
Cholera
Serotonin modulates expression of VIP and GRP mRNA via the 5-HT(1B) receptor in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the rat.
Cholera
Serotoninergic projections from the dorsal raphe nucleus to the nucleus submedius in the rat and cat.
Cholera
Simultaneous direct detection of toxigenic and non-toxigenic Vibrio cholerae from rectal swabs and environmental samples by sandwich ELISA.
Cholera
Simultaneous projections from prefrontal cortex to dopaminergic and serotonergic nuclei.
Cholera
Simultneous Expression of CS3 Colonization Factor Antigen and Cholera Toxin B Subunit in Salmonella typhi.
Cholera
Single mucosal immunization of recombinant adenovirus-based vaccine expressing F1 protein fragment induces protective mucosal immunity against respiratory syncytial virus infection.
Cholera
Small chromosomal integration site of classical CTX prophage in Mozambique Vibrio cholerae O1 biotype El Tor strain.
Cholera
Social Dominance Modulates Stress-induced Neural Activity in Medial Prefrontal Cortex Projections to the Basolateral Amygdala.
Cholera
Solution and crystallographic studies of branched multivalent ligands that inhibit the receptor-binding of cholera toxin.
Cholera
Sources of inputs to the anterior and posterior aspects of the paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus.
Cholera
Specific binding of cholera toxin to rat erythrocytes revealed by analysis with a fluorescence-activated cell sorter.
Cholera
Sphingosine derivatives inhibit cell signaling by electrostatically neutralizing polyphosphoinositides at the plasma membrane.
Cholera
Spinal Glia Division Contributes to Conditioning Lesion-Induced Axon Regeneration Into the Injured Spinal Cord: Potential Role of Cyclic AMP-Induced Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1.
Cholera
Spinally projecting noradrenergic neurons of the locus coeruleus display resistance to AAV2retro-mediated transduction.
Cholera
Spontaneous development of IgM anti-cocaine antibodies in habitual cocaine users: effect on IgG antibody responses to a cocaine cholera toxin B conjugate vaccine.
Cholera
Spray-Dried Formulation of Epicertin, a Recombinant Cholera Toxin B Subunit Variant That Induces Mucosal Healing.
Cholera
Stable expression of foot-and-mouth disease virus protein VP1 fused with cholera toxin B subunit in the potato (Solanum tuberosum).
Cholera
Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins A- and B: binding to the enterocyte brush border and uptake by perturbation of the apical endocytic membrane traffic.
Cholera
Starch microparticles as a vaccine adjuvant: only uptake in Peyer's patches decides the profile of the immune response.
Cholera
Starch microparticles as oral vaccine adjuvant: antigen-dependent uptake in mouse intestinal mucosa.
Cholera
Stimulation of the transepithelial flux of influenza HA vaccine by cholera toxin B subunit.
Cholera
Stimulation of transglutaminase activity by GM1-ganglioside and alpha-sialylcholesterol in superior cervical and nodose ganglia excised from adult rat.
Cholera
Strategies for the induction of immune responses at mucosal surfaces making use of cholera toxin B subunit as immunogen, carrier, and adjuvant.
Cholera
Stress- and lipopolysaccharide-induced c-fos expression and nNOS in hypothalamic neurons projecting to medullary raphe in rats: a triple immunofluorescent labeling study.
Cholera
Striatal and central extended amygdala parts of the interstitial nucleus of the posterior limb of the anterior commissure: evidence from tract-tracing techniques in the rat.
Cholera
Strong inhibition of cholera toxin B subunit by affordable, polymer-based multivalent inhibitors.
Cholera
Structural Changes and Astrocyte Response of the Lateral Geniculate Nucleus in a Ferret Model of Ocular Hypertension.
Cholera
Structural changes of the soleus and the tibialis anterior motoneuron pool during development in the rat.
Cholera
Structure-guided design and immunological characterization of immunogens presenting the HIV-1 gp120 V3 loop on a CTB scaffold.
Cholera
Study of avidity of antigen-specific antibody as a means of understanding development of long-term immunological memory after Vibrio cholerae O1 infection.
Cholera
Study on specific mucosal immunity by intranasal immunization of outer membrane protein P6 of Haemophilus influenzae with cholera toxin B subunit.
Cholera
Sub-regions of the dorsal raphé nucleus receive different inputs from the brainstem.
Cholera
Subcellular localization of neuronal nitric oxide synthase in the rat nucleus of the solitary tract in relation to vagal afferent inputs.
Cholera
Subcutaneous or Oral Immunization of Mice with Lactococcus lactis Expressing F4 Fimbrial Adhesin.
Cholera
Sublingual 'oral tolerance' induction with antigen conjugated to cholera toxin B subunit generates regulatory T cells that induce apoptosis and depletion of effector T cells.
Cholera
Sublingual immunization with an HIV subunit vaccine induces antibodies and cytotoxic T cells in the mouse female genital tract.
Cholera
Sublingual Priming with a HIV gp41-Based Subunit Vaccine Elicits Mucosal Antibodies and Persistent B Memory Responses in Non-Human Primates.
Cholera
Sublingual tolerance induction with antigen conjugated to cholera toxin B subunit induces Foxp3+CD25+CD4+ regulatory T cells and suppresses delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions.
Cholera
Subnuclear distribution of afferents from the oral, pharyngeal and laryngeal regions in the nucleus tractus solitarii of the rat: a study using transganglionic transport of cholera toxin.
Cholera
Substance P (NK1) and somatostatin (sst2A) receptor immunoreactivity in NTS-projecting rat dorsal horn neurones activated by nociceptive afferent input.
Cholera
Subunit vaccines based on intimin and Efa-1 polypeptides induce humoral immunity in cattle but do not protect against intestinal colonisation by enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 or O26:H-.
Cholera
Super-Resolution Microscopy Reveals Local Accumulation of Plasma Membrane Gangliosides at Neisseria meningitidis Invasion Sites.
Cholera
Superior cross-protective effect of nasal vaccination to subcutaneous inoculation with influenza hemagglutinin vaccine.
Cholera
Suppression of delayed-type hypersensitivity and IgE antibody responses to ovalbumin by intranasal administration of Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin B subunit-conjugated ovalbumin.
Cholera
Suppression of dendritic cell activation by diabetes autoantigens linked to the cholera toxin B subunit.
Cholera
Suppression of diabetes in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice by oral administration of a cholera toxin B subunit-insulin B chain fusion protein vaccine produced in silkworm.
Cholera
Suppression of hyperglycemia in NOD mice after inoculation with recombinant vaccinia viruses.
Cholera
Suppression of inhibitor formation against FVIII in a murine model of hemophilia A by oral delivery of antigens bioencapsulated in plant cells.
Cholera
Surface display of the cholera toxin B subunit on Staphylococcus xylosus and Staphylococcus carnosus.
Cholera
Surface immobilization of bio-functionalized cubosomes: sensing of proteins by quartz crystal microbalance.
Cholera
Surface immobilized cholera toxin B subunit (CTB) facilitates vesicle docking, trafficking and exocytosis.
Cholera
Surface-Induced Dissociation of Protein Complexes Selected by Trapped Ion Mobility Spectrometry.
Cholera
Surprising leads for a cholera toxin receptor-binding antagonist: crystallographic studies of CTB mutants.
Cholera
Sustained delivery of thermostabilized chABC enhances axonal sprouting and functional recovery after spinal cord injury.
Cholera
Sympathetic innervation of the young canine heart using antero- and retrograde axonal tracer methods.
Cholera
Sympathetic preganglionic neurons in rabbit spinal cord that project to the stellate or the superior cervical ganglion.
Cholera
Synapses on axons of sympathetic preganglionic neurons in rat and rabbit thoracic spinal cord.
Cholera
Synaptic contact of neuropeptide-and amine-containing axons on parasympathetic preganglionic neurons in the superior salivatory nucleus of the rat.
Cholera
Synaptic interactions of retrogradely labeled hypoglossal motoneurons with substance P-like immunoreactive nerve terminals in the cat: a dual-labeling electron microscopic study.
Cholera
Synergistic action of cholera toxin B subunit (and Escherichia coli heat-labile toxin B subunit) and a trace amount of cholera whole toxin as an adjuvant for nasal influenza vaccine.
Cholera
Synergistic effects of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and chondroitinase ABC on retinal fiber sprouting after denervation of the superior colliculus in adult rats.
Cholera
Synthesis and assembly of a cholera toxin B subunit SHIV 89.6p Tat fusion protein in transgenic potato.
Cholera
Synthesis and assembly of a cholera toxin B subunit-rotavirus VP7 fusion protein in transgenic potato.
Cholera
Synthesis and assembly of an adjuvanted Porphyromonas gingivalis fimbrial antigen fusion protein in plants.
Cholera
Synthesis and assembly of SIVmac Gag p27 capsid protein cholera toxin B subunit fusion protein in transgenic potato.
Cholera
Synthesis of cholera toxin B subunit gene: cloning and expression of a functional 6XHis-tagged protein in Escherichia coli.
Cholera
Synthesis of hybrid molecules between heat-labile enterotoxin and cholera toxin B subunits: potential for use in a broad-spectrum vaccine.
Cholera
Synthesis of water-soluble fluorescent polymeric glycoconjugate for the detection of cholera toxin.
Cholera
Synthetic peptide vaccine against mucosal colonization by group A streptococci. I. Protection against a heterologous M serotype with shared C repeat region epitopes.
Cholera
Systemic administration of cholera toxin B subunit conjugated to horseradish peroxidase in the adult rat labels preganglionic autonomic neurons, motoneurons, and select primary afferents for light and electron microscopic studies.
Cholera
Systemic and mucosal immune responses in mice after mucosal immunization with group B streptococcus type III capsular polysaccharide-cholera toxin B subunit conjugate vaccine.
Cholera
Systemic and mucosal immune responses of mice to aluminium-adsorbed or aluminium-non-adsorbed tetanus toxoid administered intranasally with recombinant cholera toxin B subunit.
Cholera
Targeted ablation of cardiac sympathetic neurons improves ventricular electrical remodelling in a canine model of chronic myocardial infarction.
Cholera
Targeted ablation of cardiac sympathetic neurons reduces resting, reflex and exercise-induced sympathetic activation in conscious rats.
Cholera
Targeted ablation of cardiac sympathetic neurons reduces the susceptibility to ischemia-induced sustained ventricular tachycardia in conscious rats.
Cholera
Targeted Ablation of Distal Cerebrospinal Fluid-Contacting Nucleus Alleviates Renal Fibrosis in Chronic Kidney Disease.
Cholera
Targeted Ablation of Mesenteric Projecting Sympathetic Neurons Reduces the Hemodynamic Response to Pain in Conscious Spinal Cord Transected Rats.
Cholera
Targeting Multiple Binding Sites on Cholera Toxin B with Glycomimetic Polymers Promotes Formation of Protein-Polymer Aggregates.
Cholera
Temperature and cholera toxin B are factors that influence formation of membrane nanotubes in RT4 and T24 urothelial cancer cell lines.
Cholera
Terminals of paraventricular spinal neurones are closely associated with adrenal medullary sympathetic preganglionic neurones: immunocytochemical evidence for vasopressin as a possible neurotransmitter in this pathway.
Cholera
Testosterone manipulation protects motoneurons from dendritic atrophy after contralateral motoneuron depletion.
Cholera
Tetraphenylethylene-based Glycoconjugate as a Fluorescence "Turn-On" Sensor for Cholera Toxin.
Cholera
Tetraspanin CD82 interaction with cholesterol promotes extracellular vesicle-mediated release of ezrin to inhibit tumour cell movement.
Cholera
The adipocyte plasma membrane caveolin functional/structural organization is necessary for the efficient endocytosis of GLUT4.
Cholera
The alpha1a-adrenergic receptor occupies membrane rafts with its G protein effectors but internalizes via clathrin-coated pits.
Cholera
The Assembly of GM1 Glycolipid and Cholesterol-Enriched Raft-Like Membrane Microdomains is Important for Giardial Encystation.
Cholera
The Assembly State between Magnetic Nanosensors and Their Targets Orchestrates Their Magnetic Relaxation Response.
Cholera
The B subunits of cholera and Escherichia coli heat-labile toxins enhance the immune responses in mice orally immunised with a recombinant live P-fimbrial vaccine for avian pathogenic E. coli.
Cholera
The binding of chimeric peptides to GM1 ganglioside enables induction of antibody responses after intranasal immunization.
Cholera
The blood group ABO gene transcript is down-regulated in human bladder tumors and growth-stimulated urothelial cell lines.
Cholera
The central distribution pattern of primary afferent fibers innervating the thigh muscle posterior iliotibialis in the chicken.
Cholera
The Centrifugal Visual System of a Palaeognathous Bird, the Chilean Tinamou (Nothoprocta perdicaria).
Cholera
The Cholera Toxin B Subunit (CTB) Fused to the Porcine Arterivirus Matrix M and GP5 Envelope Proteins Fails to Enhance the GP5-Specific Antibody Response in Pigs Immunized with Adenovectors.
Cholera
The cholera toxin B subunit directly costimulates antigen-primed CD4+ T cells ex vivo.
Cholera
The cholera toxin B subunit is a mucosal adjuvant for oral tolerance induction in type 1 diabetes.
Cholera
The corn smut-made cholera oral vaccine is thermostable and induces long-lasting immunity in mouse.
Cholera
The CSF-Contacting Nucleus Receives Anatomical Inputs From the Cerebral Cortex: A Combination of Retrograde Tracing and 3D Reconstruction Study in Rat.
Cholera
The CSF-contacting nucleus regulates learning and memory through synaptic connections with the hippocampus.
Cholera
The distribution of climbing and mossy fiber collateral branches from the copula pyramidis and the paramedian lobule: congruence of climbing fiber cortical zones and the pattern of zebrin banding within the rat cerebellum.
Cholera
The early cellular and humoral immune response to primary and booster oral immunization with cholera toxin B subunit.
Cholera
The effect of a peripheral nerve lesion on calbindin D28k immunoreactivity in the cervical ventral horn of developing and adult rats.
Cholera
The effect of cholera toxin and cholera toxin B subunit on the nasal mucosal membrane.
Cholera
The effects of botulinum neurotoxin A induced muscle paresis during a critical period upon muscle and spinal cord development in the rat.
Cholera
The enhancement of the immune response against S. equi antigens through the intranasal administration of poly-epsilon-caprolactone-based nanoparticles.
Cholera
The expression of bradykinin B(1) receptors on primary sensory neurones that give rise to small caliber sciatic nerve fibres in rats.
Cholera
The expression of vesicular glutamate transporters VGLUT1 and VGLUT2 in neurochemically defined axonal populations in the rat spinal cord with emphasis on the dorsal horn.
Cholera
The human antimicrobial peptide LL-37 transfers extracellular DNA plasmid to the nuclear compartment of mammalian cells via lipid rafts and proteoglycan-dependent endocytosis.
Cholera
The hypothalamus and periaqueductal gray are the sources of dopamine fibers in the paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus in the rat.
Cholera
The immunological consequences of feeding cholera toxin. I. Feeding cholera toxin suppresses the induction of systemic delayed-type hypersensitivity but not humoral immunity.
Cholera
The intercalated cell masses project to the central and medial nuclei of the amygdala in cats.
Cholera
The internalization route resulting in successful gene expression depends on both cell line and polyethylenimine polyplex type.
Cholera
The lateral hypothalamic area controls paradoxical (REM) sleep by means of descending projections to brainstem GABAergic neurons.
Cholera
The location of projection neurons to the biceps brachii muscle in the telencephalon of the pigeon.
Cholera
The mechanism of polyplex internalization into cells: testing the GM1/caveolin-1 lipid raft mediated endocytosis pathway.
Cholera
The Mucosal Adjuvant Cholera Toxin B Instructs Non-Mucosal Dendritic Cells to Promote IgA Production Via Retinoic Acid and TGF-?.
Cholera
The neuropeptide tyrosine Y1R is expressed in interneurons and projection neurons in the dorsal horn and area X of the rat spinal cord.
Cholera
The novel combinations of CTB, CpG, and aluminum hydroxide significantly enhanced the immunogenicity of clumping factor A 221-550 of Staphylococcus aureus.
Cholera
The nuclei of origin of monoaminergic, peptidergic, and cholinergic afferents to the cat nucleus reticularis magnocellularis: a double-labeling study with cholera toxin as a retrograde tracer.
Cholera
The one hundred percent hypothesis: glutamate or GABA in synapses on sympathetic preganglionic neurons.
Cholera
The projection and synaptic organisation of NTS afferent connections with presympathetic neurons, GABA and nNOS neurons in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus.
Cholera
The recombinant fusion protein of cholera toxin B and neutrophil-activating protein expressed on Bacillus subtilis spore surface suppresses allergic inflammation in mice.
Cholera
The retinal projections to the ventral and dorsal divisions of the medial terminal nucleus and mesencephalic reticular formation in the Japanese monkey (Macaca fuscata): a reinvestigation with cholera toxin B subunit as an anterograde tracer.
Cholera
The Role of the Paratrigeminal Nucleus in Vagal Afferent Evoked Respiratory Reflexes: A Neuroanatomical and Functional Study in Guinea Pigs.
Cholera
The sequence 130-137 of human interferon-alpha 2 is involved in the competition of interferon, prothymosin alpha and cholera toxin B subunit for common receptors on human fibroblasts.
Cholera
The sialic acid residue is a crucial component of C. jejuni lipooligosaccharide ganglioside mimicry in the induction Guillain-Barré syndrome.
Cholera
The sites of origin of projection fibers from the cerebral cortex to the jaw region of the striatum of the rat.
Cholera
The source of origin of PACAP- and VIP-immunoreactive fibers in the laterodorsal division of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis in the rat.
Cholera
The superior colliculus relays signals descending from the vibrissal motor cortex to the facial nerve nucleus in the rat.
Cholera
The suprachiasmatic nucleus changes the daily activity of the arcuate nucleus ?-MSH neurons in male rats.
Cholera
The thalamic reticular nucleus does not send commissural projection to the contralateral parafascicular nucleus in the rat.
Cholera
The thalamo-hyperstriatal system is established by the time of hatching in chicks (Gallus gallus): a cholera toxin B subunit study.
Cholera
The timecourse of neuronal connections of the rotundoectostriatal pathway in chicks (Gallus gallus) during embryogenesis: a retrograde transport study.
Cholera
The transport rate of cholera toxin B subunit in the retinofugal pathways of the chick.
Cholera
The tungstate-stabilized tetramethylbenzidine reaction for light and electron microscopic immunocytochemistry and for revealing biocytin-filled neurons.
Cholera
Therapeutic efficacy of the multi-epitope vaccine CTB-UE against Helicobacter pylori infection in a Mongolian gerbil model and its microRNA-155-associated immuno-protective mechanism.
Cholera
Therapeutic Potential of Cholera Toxin B Subunit for the Treatment of Inflammatory Diseases of the Mucosa.
Cholera
Three novel neural pathways to the lacrimal glands of the cat: an investigation with cholera toxin B subunit as a retrograde tracer.
Cholera
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone-immunoreactive varicosities synapse on rat phrenic motoneurons.
Cholera
Time-related changes in the labeling pattern of motor and sensory neurons innervating the gastrocnemius muscle, as revealed by the retrograde transport of the cholera toxin B subunit.
Cholera
TLR2 transmodulates monocyte adhesion and transmigration via Rac1- and PI3K-mediated inside-out signaling in response to Porphyromonas gingivalis fimbriae.
Cholera
Tongue and hypoglossal morphology after intralingual cholera toxin B-saporin injection.
Cholera
Topical administration of a Rock/Net inhibitor promotes retinal ganglion cell survival and axon regeneration after optic nerve injury.
Cholera
Topographic Organization of Cholinergic Innervation From the Basal Forebrain to the Visual Cortex in the Rat.
Cholera
Topographic Organization of Inferior Olive Projections to the Zebrin II Stripes in the Pigeon Cerebellar Uvula.
Cholera
Topographical organization of projections from the subiculum to the hypothalamus in the rat.
Cholera
Topographical projection from the hippocampal formation to the amygdala: A combined anterograde and retrograde tracing study in the rat.
Cholera
Topography of serotonin neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus that send axon collaterals to the rat prefrontal cortex and nucleus accumbens.
Cholera
Tracing developing pathways in the brain: a comparison of carbocyanine dyes and cholera toxin b subunit.
Cholera
Tracking Cholesterol/Sphingomyelin-Rich Membrane Domains with the Ostreolysin A-mCherry Protein.
Cholera
Transconjunctival immunotherapy using cholera toxin B to treat experimental allergic conjunctivitis in a mouse model.
Cholera
Transcutaneous immunization with cholera toxin B subunit adjuvant suppresses IgE antibody responses via selective induction of Th1 immune responses.
Cholera
Transcytosis-blocking abs elicited by an oligomeric immunogen based on the membrane proximal region of HIV-1 gp41 target non-neutralizing epitopes.
Cholera
Transient ischemia of the retina results in massive degeneration of the retinotectal projection: long-term neuroprotection with brimonidine.
Cholera
Transplantation of olfactory ensheathing cells fails to promote significant axonal regeneration from dorsal roots into the rat cervical cord.
Cholera
Transplantation of tissue engineering neural network and formation of neuronal relay into the transected rat spinal cord.
Cholera
Transplanted olfactory ensheathing cells promote regeneration of cut adult rat optic nerve axons.
Cholera
Treatment of experimental autoimmune arthritis by nasal administration of a type II collagen-cholera toxoid conjugate vaccine.
Cholera
Treatment of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by feeding myelin basic protein conjugated to cholera toxin B subunit.
Cholera
Trigeminal primary projection to the rat brain stem sensory trigeminal nuclear complex and surrounding structures revealed by anterograde transport of cholera toxin B subunit-conjugated and Bandeiraea simplicifolia isolectin B4-conjugated horseradish peroxidase.
Cholera
Triglyceride-rich lipoprotein lipolysis increases aggregation of endothelial cell membrane microdomains and produces reactive oxygen species.
Cholera
Trophic effect of cholera toxin B subunit in cultured cerebellar granule neurons: modulation of intracellular calcium by GM1 ganglioside.
Cholera
Two distinct populations of tectal neurons have unique connections within the retinotectorotundal pathway of the pigeon (Columba livia).
Cholera
Tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive cells in the nodose ganglion for the canine larynx.
Cholera
Ubiquitin fusion enhances cholera toxin B subunit expression in transgenic plants and the plant-expressed protein binds GM1 receptors more efficiently.
Cholera
Ultrasensitive Plasmonic Platform for Label-Free Detection of Membrane-Associated Species.
Cholera
Ultrastructural analysis of spinal primary afferent fibers within the circular muscle of the cat lower esophageal sphincter.
Cholera
Ultrastructural evidence for a direct pathway from the pontine micturition center to the parasympathetic preganglionic motoneurons of the bladder of the cat.
Cholera
Ultrastructural localization of the binding fragment of tetanus toxin in putative gamma-aminobutyric acidergic terminals in the intermediolateral cell column: a potential basis for sympathetic dysfunction in generalized tetanus.
Cholera
Ultrastructural relationships of spinal primary afferent fibres with neuronal and non-neuronal cells in the myenteric plexus of the cat oesophago-gastric junction.
Cholera
Unique T cell differentiation markers: gangliosides with cholera toxin receptor activity on murine fetal thymocytes.
Cholera
Upregulation of nuclear GM1 accompanies axon-like, but not dendrite-like, outgrowth in NG108-15 cells.
Cholera
Uptake and intracellular fate of cholera toxin subunit b-modified mesoporous silica nanoparticle-supported lipid bilayers (aka protocells) in motoneurons.
Cholera
Use of a genetic cholera toxin B subunit/allergen fusion molecule as mucosal delivery system with immunosuppressive activity against Th2 immune responses.
Cholera
Use of automated sequencing of polymerase chain reaction-generated amplicons to identify three types of cholera toxin subunit B in Vibrio cholerae O1 strains.
Cholera
Use of the sensitive anterograde tracer cholera toxin fragment B reveals new details of the central retinal projections in turtles.
Cholera
Use of translational fusion of the MrpH fimbrial adhesin-binding domain with the cholera toxin A2 domain, coexpressed with the cholera toxin B subunit, as an intranasal vaccine to prevent experimental urinary tract infection by Proteus mirabilis.
Cholera
Utilization of cholera toxin B as a mucosal adjuvant elicits antibody-mediated protection against S. pneumoniae infection in mice.
Cholera
Vaccine for cocaine dependence: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled efficacy trial.
Cholera
Vaccine specific immune response to an inactivated oral cholera vaccine and EPI vaccines in a high and low arsenic area in Bangladeshi children.
Cholera
Variability in the occurrence of nitric oxide synthase immunoreactivity in different populations of rat sympathetic preganglionic neurons.
Cholera
Ventromedial arcuate nucleus communicates peripheral metabolic information to the suprachiasmatic nucleus.
Cholera
Very efficient extracellular production of cholera toxin B subunit using Bacillus brevis.
Cholera
Vesicle shape and amino acids in synaptic inputs to phrenic motoneurons: do all inputs contain either glutamate or GABA?
Cholera
Vesicular glutamate transporters type 1 and 2 expression in axon terminals of the rat nucleus of the solitary tract.
Cholera
Vestibular afferents to the dorsal vagal complex: substrate for vestibular-autonomic interactions in the rat.
Cholera
VGLUT1 and VGLUT2 innervation in autonomic regions of intact and transected rat spinal cord.
Cholera
Vibrio cholerae O1 Infection Induces Proinflammatory CD4+ T-Cell Responses in Blood and Intestinal Mucosa of Infected Humans.
Cholera
Visualization of GM1 with cholera toxin B in live epididymal versus ejaculated bull, mouse, and human spermatozoa.
Cholera
Visualization of lipid raft membrane compartmentalization in living RN46A neuronal cells using single quantum dot tracking.
Cholera
Visualizing lipid raft dynamics and early signaling events during antigen receptor-mediated B-lymphocyte activation.
Cholera
West Nile virus entry requires cholesterol-rich membrane microdomains and is independent of alphavbeta3 integrin.
Cholera
Whole-Genome Analysis of Clinical Vibrio cholerae O1 in Kolkata, India, and Dhaka, Bangladesh, Reveals Two Lineages of Circulating Strains, Indicating Variation in Genomic Attributes.
Cholera
Yeast-expressed recombinant As16 protects mice against Ascaris suum infection through induction of a Th2-skewed immune response.
Cholera
Zonal distribution of perforant path cells in layer III of the entorhinal area projecting to CA1 and subiculum in the rat.
Cholera
[: A comparison of commercially available adjuvants in BALB/c-mice immunised with a weekly immunogenic peptide]
Cholera
[A fusion protein of rotavirus VP6 and cholera toxin B subunit: expression in Escherichia coli and analysis of biological activities]
Cholera
[A promoter responsible for over-expression of cholera toxin B subunit in cholera toxin A subunit structure gene]
Cholera
[An animal model for the mucosal immunization with the surface protein antigen P1 from streptococcus mutans and immune enhancement of cholera toxin]
Cholera
[An avirulent vibrio cholerae strain--producer of the cholera toxin B subunit: obtaining and molecular genetic analysis]
Cholera
[Autonomic neurons sending fibers into the canine laryngeal nerves--using a retrograde tracer technique with cholera toxin]
Cholera
[Biosynthesis of polysaccharide conjugate vaccines against Klebsiella pneumoniae serotype O2 strains].
Cholera
[Clone and express ctb-stx2b fusion gene in Enterohemrrhagic escherichia coli O157:H7 Shigeal toxin 2B subunit and V cholera toxin B subunit and the detection of their immunogenicity]
Cholera
[Conjugation and identification of the surface protein antigen P1 from streptococcus mutans MT6R with the cholera toxin B subunit and procholeragenoid]
Cholera
[Construction and anti-tumor efficacy of a pentameric peptide vaccine that targets S100A8].
Cholera
[Construction of plant expression vectors containing the gene encoding cholera toxin B subunit]
Cholera
[Distribution of projection neurons of the superior olivary complex in the auditory brainstem in cats]
Cholera
[Double labeling method using fluorescent labeled cholera toxin B subunit for the purpose of analysis of neural structures]
Cholera
[Effect of 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine on the distribution pattern of calcitonin gene-related peptide in different motoneuron pools]
Cholera
[Effect of testosterone propionate on the distribution pattern of calcitonin gene-related peptide in different motoneuron pools]
Cholera
[Expression and biological activity identification of recombinant Hap protein of NTHi]
Cholera
[Expression and immunogenicity analysis of a recombinant fusion protein of V. Cholera ctB and H. pylori ure I]
Cholera
[Expression of Streptococcus mutans surface protein PAcP and cholera toxin B subunit fusion gene in transgenic tomato].
Cholera
[Guidance of regenerative axons in optic nerve regeneration in Bcl-2 overexpressing mice]
Cholera
[High-efficiency expression of a receptor-binding domain of SARS-CoV spike protein in tobacco chloroplasts].
Cholera
[Immunopathological evidence of terminal residues containing sialic acid in Campylobacter jejuni lipopolysaccharide as the critical antigen to induce peripheral neuropathy]
Cholera
[Immunopotency of the recombinant urease B subunit vaccine of Helicobacter pylori after intranasal administration to mice]
Cholera
[Immunosuppressive effect of cholera toxin B on allergic conjunctivitis model in the guinea pig]
Cholera
[Induction of protective immune response in mice and rhesus monkeys by immunization with fusion protein of cholera toxin B subunit and multiples of Plasmodium falciparum]
Cholera
[Induction of protective immune responses in rhesus monkey by immunization with recombinant plasmids of polyvalent epitopes of Plasmodium falciparum using cholera toxin B as adjuvant]
Cholera
[Induction of protective immunity in rhesus monkey by inoculation with recombinant fusion protein of cholera toxin B subunit-multivalent epitopes of Plasmodium falciparum]
Cholera
[Influence of p75 neurotrophin receptor knockout on the regeneration of facial nerves after crush injury in mouse]
Cholera
[Overproduction of cholera toxin B subunit by recombinant Escherichia coli MM2 in lactate-containing medium]
Cholera
[Projecting from the superior olivary complex to the inner ear in the cat: a retrograde fluorescent labelling study]
Cholera
[Response of the IRD intestinal epithelial cell line to Clostridium difficile toxins A and B in rats. Effect of Saccharomyces boulardii]
Cholera
[Secretion expression of cholera toxin B subunit in food-grading Lactococcus lactis expression system.]
Cholera
[Spinal segment distribution of neural innervation related houhai acupoint--studied by CB-HRP tracing method focused on observation of the dendrites of spinal motor neurons]
Cholera
[Spinal segment distribution of neural innervation related to houhai acupoint and compared with zusanli and dazhui acupoints in domestic chicken]
Cholera
[Studies on the functional anatomy of Golgi-phobic dendrites of spinal motoneurons in rats--different dendroarchitectures of the motoneurons to slow muscle and fast one]
Cholera
[Synthesis, Cloning and Expression of a Multiple Epitope Antigen of BCR-ABL Fusion Gene]
Cholera
[The New Bacteria Expressing Recombinant Multi-epitope Vaccine against Helicobacter pylori and Its Microbiological Characteristics].
Cholera
[Translation initiation function of the regulation element in the operon of cholera toxin A]
Clostridium Infections
A chimeric protein comprising the glucosyltransferase and cysteine proteinase domains of toxin B and the receptor binding domain of toxin A induces protective immunity against Clostridium difficile infection in mice and hamsters.
Clostridium Infections
Analysis of C. difficile infection-related outcomes in European participants in the bezlotoxumab MODIFY I and II trials.
Clostridium Infections
Antibodies to Toxin B Are Protective Against Clostridium difficile Infection Recurrence.
Clostridium Infections
Application of multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis to determine clonal spread of toxin A-negative Clostridium difficile in a general hospital in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Clostridium Infections
Both, toxin A and toxin B, are important in Clostridium difficile infection.
Clostridium Infections
Clostridium difficile toxin A and toxin B inhibit YAP in the colonic epithelial cells.
Clostridium Infections
Clostridium difficile toxins induce VEGF-A and vascular permeability to promote disease pathogenesis.
Clostridium Infections
Efficacy and Safety of Monoclonal Antibodies Against Clostridioides difficile Toxins for Prevention of Recurrent Clostridioides difficile Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Clostridium Infections
Evaluation of a novel molecular assay to diagnose toxigenic strains of Clostridium difficile.
Clostridium Infections
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation for Recurrent Clostridioides difficile Infection Enhances Adaptive Immunity to C difficile Toxin B.
Clostridium Infections
In Vitro Selection of A DNA Aptamer Targeting Degraded Protein Fragments for Biosensing.
Clostridium Infections
Memory B Cells Encode Neutralizing Antibody Specific for Toxin B from the Clostridium difficile Strains VPI 10463 and NAP1/BI/027 but with Superior Neutralization of VPI 10463 Toxin B.
Clostridium Infections
Prediction of poor outcome in Clostridioides difficile infection: A multicentre external validation of the toxin B amplification cycle.
Clostridium Infections
Rapid Detection of Clostridium difficile Toxins in Serum by Raman Spectroscopy.
Clostridium Infections
Recurrent Clostridioides difficile Infection Is Associated With Impaired T Helper Type 17 Immunity to C difficile Toxin B.
Clostridium Infections
Sensitive assays enable detection of serum IgG antibodies against Clostridium difficile toxin A and toxin B in healthy subjects and patients with Clostridium difficile infection.
Clostridium Infections
The cytotoxic synergy between Clostridioides difficile toxin B and proinflammatory cytokines: an unholy alliance favoring the onset of Clostridioides difficile infection and relapses.
Clostridium Infections
The prognostic value of toxin B and binary toxin in Clostridioides difficile infection.
Clostridium Infections
Toxin B PCR Amplification Cycle Threshold Adds Little to Clinical Variables for Predicting Outcomes in Clostridium difficile Infection: a Retrospective Cohort Study.
Clostridium Infections
Toxin B PCR cycle threshold as a predictor of poor outcome of Clostridium difficile infection: a derivation and validation cohort study.
Colitis
Advantages of Lateral Flow Assays Based on Fluorescent Submicrospheres and Quantum Dots for Clostridium difficile Toxin B Detection.
Colitis
Antibodies to recombinant Clostridium difficile toxins A and B are an effective treatment and prevent relapse of C. difficile-associated disease in a hamster model of infection.
Colitis
Clinical trial: the safety and short-term efficacy of recombinant cholera toxin B subunit in the treatment of active Crohn's disease.
Colitis
Clostridium difficile cytotoxin inhibits protein synthesis in fibroblasts and intestinal mucosa.
Colitis
Clostridium difficile toxin B is more potent than toxin A in damaging human colonic epithelium in vitro.
Colitis
Endotoxin acts synergistically with C. difficile toxin B to increase IL-1 ? production: A potential role for the intestinal biome in modifying the severity of C. difficile colitis.
Colitis
Helicobacter hepaticus Induce Colitis in Male IL-10-/- Mice Dependent by Cytolethal Distending Toxin B and via the Activation of Jak/Stat Signaling Pathway.
Colitis
Human monoclonal antibodies against Clostridium difficile toxins A and B inhibit inflammatory and histologic responses to the toxins in human colon and peripheral blood monocytes.
Colitis
Rapid and fully-automated detection of Clostridium difficile Toxin B via magnetic-particle-based chemiluminescent immunoassay.
Colitis
Repeated Oral Administration of a KDEL-tagged Recombinant Cholera Toxin B Subunit Effectively Mitigates DSS Colitis Despite a Robust Immunogenic Response.
Colitis
Roles of intracellular calcium and NF-kappa B in the Clostridium difficile toxin A-induced up-regulation and secretion of IL-8 from human monocytes.
Colitis
Specific detection of Clostridium difficile toxin A gene sequences in clinical isolates.
Colitis, Ulcerative
Host Immune Response to Clostridium difficile Infection in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients.
Colitis, Ulcerative
Induction and distribution of intestinal immune responses after administration of recombinant cholera toxin B subunit in the ileal pouches of colectomized patients.
Colonic Diseases
The xenobiotic sensing pregnane X receptor regulates tissue damage and inflammation triggered by C difficile toxins.
Conjunctivitis, Allergic
Immunosuppressive effect of cholera toxin B on allergic conjunctivitis model in guinea pig.
Conjunctivitis, Allergic
Immunosuppressive effect of cholera toxin B on allergic conjunctivitis model in the guinea Pig
Conjunctivitis, Allergic
Transconjunctival immunotherapy using cholera toxin B to treat experimental allergic conjunctivitis in a mouse model.
Conjunctivitis, Allergic
[Immunosuppressive effect of cholera toxin B on allergic conjunctivitis model in the guinea pig]
Crohn Disease
Clinical trial: the safety and short-term efficacy of recombinant cholera toxin B subunit in the treatment of active Crohn's disease.
Crohn Disease
Host Immune Response to Clostridium difficile Infection in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients.
Cystic Fibrosis
Asymptomatic carriage of Clostridium difficile in patients with cystic fibrosis.
Deglutition Disorders
A double-blind placebo-controlled trial of botulinum toxin B for sialorrhea in Parkinson's disease.
Deglutition Disorders
Severe Dysphagia after botulinum toxin B injection to the lower limbs and lumbar paraspinal muscles.
Deglutition Disorders
Tongue and hypoglossal morphology after intralingual cholera toxin B-saporin injection.
Dengue
Cholera toxin B subunit-domain III of dengue virus envelope glycoprotein E fusion protein production in transgenic plants.
Dengue
Expression and assembly of cholera toxin B subunit and domain III of dengue virus 2 envelope fusion protein in transgenic potatoes.
Dengue
Oral immunisation of mice with transgenic rice calli expressing cholera toxin B subunit fused to consensus dengue cEDIII antigen induces antibodies to all four dengue serotypes.
Dermatitis
Suppression of neuropeptide by botulinum toxin improves imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like dermatitis via the regulation of neuroimmune system.
Dermatitis, Atopic
Age-related differences in sensitivity of peripheral blood monocytes to lipopolysaccharide and Staphylococcus aureus toxin B in atopic dermatitis.
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1
A plant-based cholera toxin B subunit-insulin fusion protein protects against the development of autoimmune diabetes.
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1
Chimeric Vaccine Stimulation of Human Dendritic Cell Indoleamine 2, 3-Dioxygenase Occurs via the Non-Canonical NF-?B Pathway.
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1
Cholera toxin subunit B peptide fusion proteins reveal impaired oral tolerance induction in diabetes-prone but not in diabetes-resistant mice.
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1
Oral administration of a cholera toxin B subunit-insulin fusion protein produced in silkworm protects against autoimmune diabetes.
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1
Persistent suppression of type 1 diabetes by a multicomponent vaccine containing a cholera toxin B subunit-autoantigen fusion protein and complete Freund's adjuvant.
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1
Production of a recombinant cholera toxin B subunit-insulin B chain peptide hybrid protein by Brevibacillus choshinensis expression system as a nasal vaccine against autoimmune diabetes.
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1
Protection of NOD mice from type 1 diabetes after oral inoculation with vaccinia viruses expressing adjuvanted islet autoantigens.
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1
Suppression of dendritic cell activation by diabetes autoantigens linked to the cholera toxin B subunit.
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1
The cholera toxin B subunit is a mucosal adjuvant for oral tolerance induction in type 1 diabetes.
Diphtheria
A C terminus cysteine of diphtheria toxin B chain involved in immunotoxin cell penetration and cytotoxicity.
Diphtheria
A hybrid toxin containing fragment A from diphtheria toxin linked to the B protomer of cholera toxin.
Diphtheria
A point mutation of proline 308 in diphtheria toxin B chain inhibits membrane translocation of toxin conjugates.
Diphtheria
An approach for analysis of protein toxins based on thin films of lipid mixtures in an optical biosensor.
Diphtheria
Computer modelling of the transmembrane channel formed by a CNBr peptide of diphtheria toxin B fragment.
Diphtheria
Development of novel O-polysaccharide based glycoconjugates for immunization against glanders.
Diphtheria
Frequent nasal administrations of recombinant cholera toxin B subunit (rCTB)-containing tetanus and diphtheria toxoid vaccines induced antigen-specific serum and mucosal immune responses in the presence of anti-rCTB antibodies.
Diphtheria
Human alpha-defensins inhibit hemolysis mediated by cholesterol-dependent cytolysins.
Diphtheria
Induction of systemic and mucosal antibody responses in mice immunized intranasally with aluminium-non-adsorbed diphtheria toxoid together with recombinant cholera toxin B subunit as an adjuvant.
Diphtheria
Mucosal immunization against hepatitis B virus by intranasal co-administration of recombinant hepatitis B surface antigen and recombinant cholera toxin B subunit as an adjuvant.
Diphtheria
pH dependent insertion of a diphtheria toxin B fragment peptide into the lipid membrane: a conformational analysis.
Diphtheria
Polyphosphate-mediated protection from cellular intoxication with Clostridium difficile toxin B.
Diphtheria
Preparation and properties of chimeric toxins prepared from the constituent polypeptides of diphtheria toxin and ricin. Evidence for entry of ricin A-chain via the diphtheria toxin pathway.
Diphtheria
Recombinant cholera toxin B subunit (rCTB) as a mucosal adjuvant enhances induction of diphtheria and tetanus antitoxin antibodies in mice by intranasal administration with diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus (DPT) combination vaccine.
Diphtheria
Replacement of negative by positive charges in the presumed membrane-inserted part of diphtheria toxin B fragment. Effect on membrane translocation and on formation of cation channels.
Diphtheria
Stimulation of proliferation of a human osteosarcoma cell line by exogenous acidic fibroblast growth factor requires both activation of receptor tyrosine kinase and growth factor internalization.
Diphtheria
Structure and interaction with model membranes of a CNBR peptide of diphtheria toxin B fragment.
Diphtheria
Studies on the role of a nucleoside-phosphate-binding site of diphtheria toxin in the binding of toxin to Vero cells or liposomes.
Diphtheria
[Construction of immune library of murine immunoglobulin genes and screening of single-chain Fv-antibodies to diphtheria toxin B subunit]
Diphtheria
[Cytotoxicity of the B subunit of diphtheria toxin to human histocytic lymphoma U937]
Diphtheria
[Development of recombinant scFv-antibodies against diphtheria toxin using phage display system]
Diphtheria
[Interaction of diphtheria toxin B subunit with sensitive and insensitive mammalian cells].
Dry Eye Syndromes
Comparison of 0.025% FK-506, 0.05% Cyclosporin A, and 0.3% Sodium Hyaluronate Eye Drops for the Treatment of Botulinum Toxin B-Induced Mouse Dry Eye.
Dry Eye Syndromes
Comparison of topical dry eye medications for the treatment of keratoconjunctivitis sicca in a botulinum toxin B-induced mouse model.
Dry Eye Syndromes
Effect of 0.025% FK-506 eyedrops on botulinum toxin B-induced mouse dry eye.
Dry Eye Syndromes
Effect of chitosan-N-acetylcysteine conjugate in a mouse model of botulinum toxin B-induced dry eye.
Dry Eye Syndromes
Effect of topical olopatadine and epinastine in the botulinum toxin B-induced mouse model of dry eye.
Dry Eye Syndromes
Effects of topical anti-inflammatory agents in a botulinum toxin B-induced mouse model of keratoconjunctivitis sicca.
Dry Eye Syndromes
Inflammatory cytokine expression on the ocular surface in the Botulium toxin B induced murine dry eye model.
Dry Eye Syndromes
Outcomes of different concentrations of human amniotic fluid in a keratoconjunctivitis sicca-induced mouse model.
Dystonia
Botulinum toxin B: a review of its therapeutic potential in the management of cervical dystonia.
Ear Diseases
Oral administration of collagen conjugated with cholera toxin induces tolerance to type II collagen and suppresses chondritis in an animal model of autoimmune ear disease.
Encephalomyelitis
B lymphocytes treated in vitro with antigen coupled to cholera toxin B subunit induce antigen-specific Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells and protect against experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
Encephalomyelitis
Oral administration of cholera toxin B subunit conjugated to myelin basic protein protects against experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by inducing transforming growth factor-beta-secreting cells and suppressing chemokine expression.
Encephalomyelitis
Synapsin peptide fused to E. coli heat-labile toxin B subunit induces regulatory T cells and modulates cytokine balance in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
Encephalomyelitis
Treatment of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by feeding myelin basic protein conjugated to cholera toxin B subunit.
Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental
B lymphocytes treated in vitro with antigen coupled to cholera toxin B subunit induce antigen-specific Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells and protect against experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental
Oral administration of cholera toxin B subunit conjugated to myelin basic protein protects against experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by inducing transforming growth factor-beta-secreting cells and suppressing chemokine expression.
Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental
Synapsin peptide fused to E. coli heat-labile toxin B subunit induces regulatory T cells and modulates cytokine balance in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental
Treatment of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by feeding myelin basic protein conjugated to cholera toxin B subunit.
Enteritis
Association of Beta2-Positive Clostridium perfringens Type A With Focal Duodenal Necrosis in Egg-Laying Chickens in the United States.
Enteritis
Characterization of Clostridium perfringens isolates from healthy turkeys and from turkeys with necrotic enteritis.
Enteritis
Characterization of intestinal immune response to Clostridium perfringens infection in broiler chickens.
Enteritis
Clostridium difficile toxin B is more potent than toxin A in damaging human colonic epithelium in vitro.
Enteritis
Experimental induction of necrotic enteritis in chickens by a netB-positive Japanese isolate of Clostridium perfringens.
Enteritis
Identification of a key residue for oligomerisation and pore-formation of Clostridium perfringens NetB.
Enteritis
In vitro production of necrotic enteritis toxin B, NetB, by netB-positive and netB-negative Clostridium perfringens originating from healthy and diseased broiler chickens.
Enteritis
Variable protection against experimental broiler necrotic enteritis after immunisation with the C-terminal fragment of Clostridium perfringens alpha-toxin and a non-toxic NetB variant.
Enterocolitis
Clostridium difficile toxin B is an inflammatory enterotoxin in human intestine.
Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous
Autoproteolytic cleavage mediates cytotoxicity of Clostridium difficile toxin A.
Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous
Bile salt inhibition of host cell damage by Clostridium difficile toxins.
Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous
CD14 expression by human mononuclear phagocytes is modulated by Clostridium difficile toxin B.
Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous
Cellular uptake of Clostridium difficile toxin B. Translocation of the N-terminal catalytic domain into the cytosol of eukaryotic cells.
Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous
Characterization of toxin A-negative, toxin B-positive Clostridium difficile isolates from outbreaks in different countries by amplified fragment length polymorphism and PCR ribotyping.
Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous
Cholesterol-dependent pore formation of Clostridium difficile toxin A.
Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous
Clostridium difficile toxin B activates calcium influx required for actin disassembly during cytotoxicity.
Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous
Difference in F-actin depolymerization induced by toxin B from the Clostridium difficile strain VPI 10463 and toxin B from the variant Clostridium difficile serotype F strain 1470.
Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous
Difference in the biological effects of Clostridium difficile toxin B in proliferating and non-proliferating cells.
Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous
Down-regulation of interleukin-16 in human mast cells HMC-1 by Clostridium difficile toxins A and B.
Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous
Effects of the two toxins of Clostridium difficile in antibiotic-associated cecitis in hamsters.
Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous
Enteric glial cells counteract Clostridium difficile Toxin B through a NADPH oxidase/ROS/JNK/caspase-3 axis, without involving mitochondrial pathways.
Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous
Functional analyses of epidemic Clostridioides difficile toxin B variants reveal their divergence in utilizing receptors and inducing pathology.
Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous
Identification of an Essential Region for Translocation of Clostridium difficile Toxin B.
Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous
Large clostridial cytotoxins: cellular biology of Rho/Ras-glucosylating toxins.
Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous
Low pH-induced formation of ion channels by clostridium difficile toxin B in target cells.
Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous
Role of tumor necrosis factor and nitric oxide in the cytotoxic effects of Clostridium difficile toxin A and toxin B on macrophages.
Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous
Surface blebbing and cytoskeletal changes induced in vitro by toxin B from Clostridium difficile: an immunochemical and ultrastructural study.
Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous
The potential use of cholestyramine to reduce the risk of developing Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea in patients receiving long-term intravenous ceftriaxone.
Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous
The xenobiotic sensing pregnane X receptor regulates tissue damage and inflammation triggered by C difficile toxins.
Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous
[Clostridium difficile, nosocomial enteropathogen: phylogeny and virulence]
Epilepsy
Reorganization of CA3 area of the mouse hippocampus after pilocarpine induced temporal lobe epilepsy with special reference to the CA3-septum pathway.
Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe
Reorganization of CA3 area of the mouse hippocampus after pilocarpine induced temporal lobe epilepsy with special reference to the CA3-septum pathway.
Foot-and-Mouth Disease
A novel mucosal vaccine against foot-and-mouth disease virus induces protection in mice and swine.
Foot-and-Mouth Disease
Foot-and-mouth disease virus VP1 protein fused with cholera toxin B subunit expressed in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii chloroplast.
Foot-and-Mouth Disease
High-level expression of codon optimized foot-and-mouth disease virus complex epitopes and cholera toxin B subunit chimera in Hansenula polymorpha.
Foot-and-Mouth Disease
Immune responses to the oral administration of recombinant Bacillus subtilis expressing multi-epitopes of foot-and-mouth disease virus and a cholera toxin B subunit.
Foot-and-Mouth Disease
Stable expression of foot-and-mouth disease virus protein VP1 fused with cholera toxin B subunit in the potato (Solanum tuberosum).
Gastroenteritis
A continuous epitope from transmissible gastroenteritis virus S protein fused to E. coli heat-labile toxin B subunit expressed by attenuated Salmonella induces serum and secretory immunity.
Gastroenteritis
Development and validation of a biomarker for diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome in human subjects.
Gastroenteritis
Oral immunization with a shiga toxin B subunit: rotavirus NSP4(90) fusion protein protects mice against gastroenteritis.
Giardiasis
AGA Technical Review on the Evaluation of Functional Diarrhea and Diarrhea-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Adults (IBS-D).
Glomerulonephritis
Cholera toxin B accelerates disease progression in lupus-prone mice by promoting lipid raft aggregation.
Graft vs Host Disease
Prevention of acute graft-versus-host disease by treatment with a novel immunosuppressant. Cholera toxin B subunit.
Granuloma
Nasal administration of Schistosoma mansoni egg antigen-cholera B subunit conjugate suppresses hepatic granuloma formation and reduces mortality in S. mansoni-infected mice.
Hepatitis B
Comparison of serum humoral responses induced by oral immunization with the hepatitis B virus core antigen and the cholera toxin B subunit.
Hepatitis B
Effective transcutaneous immunization against hepatitis B virus by a combined approach of hydrogel patch formulation and microneedle arrays.
Hepatitis B
M-cell targeted delivery of recombinant hepatitis B surface antigen using cholera toxin B subunit conjugated bilosomes.
Hepatitis B
Mucosal immunization against hepatitis B virus by intranasal co-administration of recombinant hepatitis B surface antigen and recombinant cholera toxin B subunit as an adjuvant.
Hepatitis B
Non-ionic surfactant vesicles mediated transcutaneous immunization against hepatitis B.
Herpes Simplex
Distinct brainstem and forebrain circuits receiving tracheal sensory neuron inputs revealed using a novel conditional anterograde transsynaptic viral tracing system.
Herpes Zoster
Involvement of Rho family G protein in the cell signaling for sperm incorporation during fertilization of mouse eggs: inhibition by Clostridium difficile toxin B.
Hyperalgesia
Lack of evidence for ectopic sprouting of genetically labeled A? touch afferents in inflammatory and neuropathic trigeminal pain.
Hyperalgesia
The effects of intraplantar and intrathecal botulinum toxin type B on tactile allodynia in mono and polyneuropathy in the mouse.
Hyperglycemia
Protection of NOD mice from type 1 diabetes after oral inoculation with vaccinia viruses expressing adjuvanted islet autoantigens.
Hyperhidrosis
Successful treatment of axillary hyperhidrosis with very low doses of botulinum toxin B: a pilot study.
Hypersensitivity
Cholera toxin B suppresses allergic inflammation through induction of secretory IgA.
Hypersensitivity
Effects of recombinant cholera toxin b subunit (rCTB) on cellular immune responses: enhancement of delayed-type hypersensitivity following intranasal co-administration of Mycobacterium bovis-BCG with rCTB.
Hypersensitivity
Mechanism of enhancement of the immune responses to influenza vaccine with cholera toxin B subunit and a trace amount of holotoxin.
Hypersensitivity
Sublingual tolerance induction with antigen conjugated to cholera toxin B subunit induces Foxp3+CD25+CD4+ regulatory T cells and suppresses delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions.
Hypersensitivity
Treatment of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by feeding myelin basic protein conjugated to cholera toxin B subunit.
Hypotension
Impairment of autoregulatory vasodilation by NAD(P)H oxidase-dependent superoxide generation during acute stage of subarachnoid hemorrhage in rat pial artery.
Impetigo
New evidence that the Tyr-157 and Tyr-159 residues of staphylococcal exfoliative toxin B are essential for its toxicity.
Impetigo
Severity of nonbullous Staphylococcus aureus impetigo in children is associated with strains harboring genetic markers for exfoliative toxin B, Panton-Valentine leukocidin, and the multidrug resistance plasmid pSK41.
Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery
Is Remodelling of Corticospinal Tract Terminations Originating in the Intact Hemisphere Associated with Recovery following Transient Ischaemic Stroke in the Rat?
Infections
A chimeric protein comprising the glucosyltransferase and cysteine proteinase domains of toxin B and the receptor binding domain of toxin A induces protective immunity against Clostridium difficile infection in mice and hamsters.
Infections
A large cholera outbreak due to a new cholera toxin variant of the Vibrio cholerae O1 El Tor biotype in Orissa, Eastern India.
Infections
A Rapid, Accurate, Single Molecule Counting Method Detects Clostridium difficile Toxin B in Stool Samples.
Infections
A Replicating Single-Cycle Adenovirus Vaccine Effective against Clostridium difficile.
Infections
Analysis of C. difficile infection-related outcomes in European participants in the bezlotoxumab MODIFY I and II trials.
Infections
Antibodies to Toxin B Are Protective Against Clostridium difficile Infection Recurrence.
Infections
Application of multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis to determine clonal spread of toxin A-negative Clostridium difficile in a general hospital in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Infections
Bezlotoxumab: A Review in Preventing Clostridium difficile Infection Recurrence.
Infections
Characterization of toxin A-negative, toxin B-positive Clostridium difficile isolates from outbreaks in different countries by amplified fragment length polymorphism and PCR ribotyping.
Infections
Cholera toxin-specific memory B cell responses are induced in patients with dehydrating diarrhea caused by Vibrio cholerae O1.
Infections
Clinical features of Clostridium difficile infection and molecular characterization of the isolated strains in a cohort of Danish hospitalized patients.
Infections
Clostridium difficile toxin A and toxin B inhibit YAP in the colonic epithelial cells.
Infections
Clostridium difficile toxin B-induced colonic inflammation is mediated by the FOXO3/PPM1B pathway in fetal human colon epithelial cells.
Infections
Clostridium difficile toxins induce VEGF-A and vascular permeability to promote disease pathogenesis.
Infections
Comparison of clinical features and immunological parameters of patients with dehydrating diarrhoea infected with Inaba or Ogawa serotypes of Vibrio cholerae O1.
Infections
Cross-protection against influenza A virus infection by passively transferred respiratory tract IgA antibodies to different hemagglutinin molecules.
Infections
Cytokine mRNAs in the nasal-associated lymphoid tissue during influenza virus infection and nasal vaccination.
Infections
Defective mutations within the translocation domain of Clostridium difficile toxin B impair disease pathogenesis.
Infections
Development and Optimization of a High Throughput Assay to Measure Neutralizing Antibodies against Clostridium difficile Binary Toxin.
Infections
Effect of Endogenous Clostridioides difficile Toxin Antibodies on Recurrence of C. difficile Infection.
Infections
Efficacy and Safety of Monoclonal Antibodies Against Clostridioides difficile Toxins for Prevention of Recurrent Clostridioides difficile Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Infections
Efficacy of bezlotoxumab based on timing of administration relative to start of antibacterial therapy for Clostridium difficile infection.
Infections
Epitopes and Mechanism of Action of the Clostridium difficile Toxin A-Neutralizing Antibody Actoxumab.
Infections
Evaluation of a novel molecular assay to diagnose toxigenic strains of Clostridium difficile.
Infections
Failure of single-toxin assays to detect clostridium difficile infection in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease.
Infections
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation for Recurrent Clostridioides difficile Infection Enhances Adaptive Immunity to C difficile Toxin B.
Infections
Functional role of respiratory tract haemagglutinin-specific IgA antibodies in protection against influenza.
Infections
Genetic Association Reveals Protection against Recurrence of Clostridium difficile Infection with Bezlotoxumab Treatment.
Infections
Human infection with Ascaris lumbricoides is associated with suppression of the interleukin-2 response to recombinant cholera toxin B subunit following vaccination with the live oral cholera vaccine CVD 103-HgR.
Infections
Identification of a bacterial inhibitor of protein kinases. Mechanism and role in host cell invasion.
Infections
Identification of the role of toxin B in the virulence of Clostridioides difficile based on integrated bioinformatics analyses.
Infections
Immunization with cytolethal distending toxin B produces autoantibodies to vinculin and small bowel bacterial changes in a rat model of postinfectious irritable bowel syndrome.
Infections
Immunization with Recombinant TcdB-Encapsulated Nanocomplex Induces Protection against Clostridium difficile Challenge in a Mouse Model.
Infections
Immunization with the recombinant Cholera toxin B fused to Fimbria 2 protein protects against Bordetella pertussis infection.
Infections
Immunogenicity evaluation of recombinant Lactobacillus casei W56 expressing bovine viral diarrhea virus E2 protein in conjunction with cholera toxin B subunit as an adjuvant.
Infections
Importance of Toxin A, Toxin B, and CDT in Virulence of an Epidemic Clostridium difficile Strain.
Infections
In Vitro Selection of A DNA Aptamer Targeting Degraded Protein Fragments for Biosensing.
Infections
Induction of specific immunity at mucosal surfaces: prospects for vaccine development.
Infections
Interrelationship between climatic factors and incidence of FBD caused by Clostridioides difficile toxin B, Clostridium perfringens, Campylobacter spp., and Escherichia coli O157:H7.
Infections
Intranasal immunization of mice with group B streptococcal protein rib and cholera toxin B subunit confers protection against lethal infection.
Infections
Intranasal immunization with recombinant Ascaris suum 14-kilodalton antigen coupled with cholera toxin B subunit induces protective immunity to A. suum infection in mice.
Infections
Isolation of a toxin B-deficient mutant strain of Clostridium difficile in a case of recurrent C. difficile-associated diarrhea.
Infections
Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (human herpesvirus 8) infection of human fibroblast cells occurs through endocytosis.
Infections
Mechanism of pertussis toxin B oligomer-mediated protection against Bordetella pertussis respiratory infection.
Infections
Memory B cell and other immune responses in children receiving two doses of an oral killed cholera vaccine compared to responses following natural cholera infection in Bangladesh.
Infections
Memory B Cells Encode Neutralizing Antibody Specific for Toxin B from the Clostridium difficile Strains VPI 10463 and NAP1/BI/027 but with Superior Neutralization of VPI 10463 Toxin B.
Infections
Merozoite surface protein-1 of Plasmodium yoelii fused via an oligosaccharide moiety of cholera toxin B subunit glycoprotein expressed in yeast induced protective immunity against lethal malaria infection in mice.
Infections
Molecular characterization of Vibrio cholerae outbreak strains with altered El Tor biotype from southern India.
Infections
Novel one-step method for detection and isolation of active-toxin-producing Clostridium difficile strains directly from stool samples.
Infections
Occurrence of Clostridium difficile infections in Serbia and high proportion of PCR ribotype 027 strains in two hospitals in Belgrade.
Infections
Oral vaccination with liposome-encapsulated recombinant fusion peptide of urease B epitope and cholera toxin B subunit affords prophylactic and therapeutic effects against H. pylori infection in BALB/c mice.
Infections
Prediction of poor outcome in Clostridioides difficile infection: A multicentre external validation of the toxin B amplification cycle.
Infections
Prevention of Infection in Adults Receiving Intravenous Antibiotic Treatment via Indwelling Central Venous Access Devices.
Infections
Protection Against Helicobacter pylori Infection in BALB/c Mouse Model by Oral Administration of Multivalent Epitope-Based Vaccine of Cholera Toxin B Subunit-HUUC.
Infections
Proteomic profiling of precipitated Clostridioides difficile toxin A and B antibodies.
Infections
Rac1, RhoA, and Cdc42 participate in HeLa cell invasion by group B streptococcus.
Infections
Recurrent Clostridioides difficile Infection Is Associated With Impaired T Helper Type 17 Immunity to C difficile Toxin B.
Infections
Safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy of a Clostridioides difficile toxoid vaccine candidate: a phase 3 multicentre, observer-blind, randomised, controlled trial.
Infections
Seed Metabolome Analysis of a Transgenic Rice Line Expressing Cholera Toxin B-subunit.
Infections
Sensitive assays enable detection of serum IgG antibodies against Clostridium difficile toxin A and toxin B in healthy subjects and patients with Clostridium difficile infection.
Infections
Single toxin detection is inadequate to diagnose Clostridium difficile diarrhea in pediatric patients.
Infections
Staphylococcal toxins in patients with psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, and erythroderma, and in healthy control subjects.
Infections
Strain-Dependent Porcine Circovirus Type 2 (PCV2) Entry and Replication in T-Lymphoblasts.
Infections
Structural elucidation of the Clostridioides difficile transferase toxin reveals a single-site binding mode for the enzyme.
Infections
Structural insights into the transition of Clostridioides difficile binary toxin from prepore to pore.
Infections
Superior cross-protective effect of nasal vaccination to subcutaneous inoculation with influenza hemagglutinin vaccine.
Infections
The cytotoxic synergy between Clostridioides difficile toxin B and proinflammatory cytokines: an unholy alliance favoring the onset of Clostridioides difficile infection and relapses.
Infections
The glucosyltransferase activity of C. difficile Toxin B is required for disease pathogenesis.
Infections
The P2Y6 receptor mediates Clostridium difficile toxin-induced CXCL8/IL-8 production and intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction.
Infections
The prognostic value of toxin B and binary toxin in Clostridioides difficile infection.
Infections
The role of the humoral immune response to Clostridium difficile toxins A and B in susceptibility to Clostridium difficile Infection: a case-control study.
Infections
The safety of whey protein concentrate derived from the milk of cows immunized against Clostridium difficile.
Infections
Toxin B PCR Amplification Cycle Threshold Adds Little to Clinical Variables for Predicting Outcomes in Clostridium difficile Infection: a Retrospective Cohort Study.
Infections
Toxin B PCR cycle threshold as a predictor of poor outcome of Clostridium difficile infection: a derivation and validation cohort study.
Infections
Use of translational fusion of the MrpH fimbrial adhesin-binding domain with the cholera toxin A2 domain, coexpressed with the cholera toxin B subunit, as an intranasal vaccine to prevent experimental urinary tract infection by Proteus mirabilis.
Infections
Utilization of cholera toxin B as a mucosal adjuvant elicits antibody-mediated protection against S. pneumoniae infection in mice.
Infections
Virulence of new variant strains of Clostridium difficile producing only toxin A or binary toxin in the hamster model.
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Circulating Anti-cytolethal Distending Toxin B and Anti-vinculin Antibodies as Biomarkers in Community and Healthcare Populations With Functional Dyspepsia and Irritable Bowel Syndrome.
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Determination of Serum Antibodies to Clostridium difficile Toxin B in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease.
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Polymerase Chain Reaction Test for Clostridium difficile Toxin B Gene Reveals Similar Prevalence Rates in Children With and Without Inflammatory Bowel Disease.
Influenza in Birds
Expression and Immunogenicity of M2e Peptide of Avian Influenza Virus H5N1 Fused to Ricin Toxin B Chain Produced in Duckweed Plants.
Influenza in Birds
Intranasal immunization with live recombinant Lactococcus lactis combined with heat-labile toxin B subunit protects chickens from highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus.
Influenza, Human
Acceleration of influenza virus clearance by Th1 cells in the nasal site of mice immunized intranasally with adjuvant-combined recombinant nucleoprotein.
Influenza, Human
Antibody responses and protection in mice immunized orally against influenza virus.
Influenza, Human
Broadly protective immunity against divergent influenza viruses by oral co-administration of Lactococcus lactis expressing nucleoprotein adjuvanted with cholera toxin B subunit in mice.
Influenza, Human
Comparison of intranasal inoculation of influenza HA vaccine combined with cholera toxin B subunit with oral or parenteral vaccination.
Influenza, Human
Concise and Reliable Syntheses of Glycodendrimers via Self-Activating Click Chemistry: A Robust Strategy for Mimicking Multivalent Glycan-Pathogen Interactions.
Influenza, Human
Contrasting effects of type I interferon as a mucosal adjuvant for influenza vaccine in mice and humans.
Influenza, Human
Cross-protection against influenza A virus infection by passively transferred respiratory tract IgA antibodies to different hemagglutinin molecules.
Influenza, Human
Cross-protection against influenza B type virus infection by intranasal inoculation of the HA vaccines combined with cholera toxin B subunit.
Influenza, Human
Cross-protection against influenza virus infection afforded by trivalent inactivated vaccines inoculated intranasally with cholera toxin B subunit.
Influenza, Human
Cytokine mRNAs in the nasal-associated lymphoid tissue during influenza virus infection and nasal vaccination.
Influenza, Human
Effectiveness of cholera toxin B subunit as an adjuvant for nasal influenza vaccination despite pre-existing immunity to CTB.
Influenza, Human
Enhancement of DTH response by cholera toxin B subunit inoculated intranasally together with influenza HA vaccine.
Influenza, Human
Enhancement of protective antibody responses by cholera toxin B subunit inoculated intranasally with influenza vaccine.
Influenza, Human
Enhancing effects of pertussis toxin B oligomer on the immunogenicity of influenza vaccine administered intranasally.
Influenza, Human
Functional role of respiratory tract haemagglutinin-specific IgA antibodies in protection against influenza.
Influenza, Human
H-2-unrestricted adjuvant effect of cholera toxin B subunit on murine antibody responses to influenza virus haemagglutinin.
Influenza, Human
Immunoglobulin A-deficient mice exhibit altered T helper 1-type immune responses but retain mucosal immunity to influenza virus.
Influenza, Human
Induction of CD8+ cytotoxic T cells by immunization with killed influenza virus and effect of cholera toxin B subunit.
Influenza, Human
Induction of innate immunity by nasal influenza vaccine administered in combination with an adjuvant (cholera toxin).
Influenza, Human
Intranasal administration of adjuvant-combined recombinant influenza virus HA vaccine protects mice from the lethal H5N1 virus infection.
Influenza, Human
Intranasal Immunization with Influenza Virus-Like Particles Containing Membrane-Anchored Cholera Toxin B or Ricin Toxin B Enhances Adaptive Immune Responses and Protection against an Antigenically Distinct Virus.
Influenza, Human
Mechanism of enhancement of the immune responses to influenza vaccine with cholera toxin B subunit and a trace amount of holotoxin.
Influenza, Human
Protection against influenza virus infection by a two-dose regimen of nasal vaccination using vaccines combined with cholera toxin B subunit.
Influenza, Human
Protection against influenza virus infection by vaccine inoculated intranasally with cholera toxin B subunit.
Influenza, Human
Protection against Multiple Subtypes of Influenza Viruses by Virus-Like Particle Vaccines Based on a Hemagglutinin Conserved Epitope.
Influenza, Human
Protective effect of nasal immunization of influenza virus hemagglutinin with recombinant cholera toxin B subunit as a mucosal adjuvant in mice.
Influenza, Human
Stimulation of the transepithelial flux of influenza HA vaccine by cholera toxin B subunit.
Influenza, Human
Synergistic action of cholera toxin B subunit (and Escherichia coli heat-labile toxin B subunit) and a trace amount of cholera whole toxin as an adjuvant for nasal influenza vaccine.
Intestinal Diseases
Characterization of a toxin A-negative, toxin B-positive strain of Clostridium difficile.
Intestinal Diseases
Identification of toxin A-negative, toxin B-positive Clostridium difficile by PCR.
Intestinal Diseases
[Evaluation of the immunoenzyme test (Elisa) in detecting Clostiridium difficile toxin A in fecal samples]
Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Assessment of Anti-vinculin and Anti-cytolethal Distending Toxin B Antibodies in Subtypes of Irritable Bowel Syndrome.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Circulating Anti-cytolethal Distending Toxin B and Anti-vinculin Antibodies as Biomarkers in Community and Healthcare Populations With Functional Dyspepsia and Irritable Bowel Syndrome.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Immunization with cytolethal distending toxin B produces autoantibodies to vinculin and small bowel bacterial changes in a rat model of postinfectious irritable bowel syndrome.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Rab5a Promotes Cytolethal Distending Toxin B-Induced Cytotoxicity and Inflammation.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome
The human translation of the postinfectious irritable bowel syndrome like rat model with antivinculin production after immunization with cytolethal distending toxin B.
Joint Diseases
Treatment of experimental autoimmune arthritis by nasal administration of a type II collagen-cholera toxoid conjugate vaccine.
Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca
Comparison of topical dry eye medications for the treatment of keratoconjunctivitis sicca in a botulinum toxin B-induced mouse model.
Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca
Effect of topical olopatadine and epinastine in the botulinum toxin B-induced mouse model of dry eye.
Leukemia
Effect of Clostridium difficile toxin B on IgE receptor-mediated signal transduction in rat basophilic leukemia cells: inhibition of phospholipase D activation.
Leukemia
Inhibition of Fc epsilon-RI-mediated activation of rat basophilic leukemia cells by Clostridium difficile toxin B (monoglucosyltransferase)
Leukemia
Inhibition of murine leukemia (WEHI-3B and L1210) proliferation by cholera toxin B subunit.
Leukocytosis
Evaluation of the diagnostic algorithm consisting of enzyme immunoassay for toxins and polymerase chain reaction, for the diagnosis of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea.
Lymphoma
[Cytotoxicity of the B subunit of diphtheria toxin to human histocytic lymphoma U937]
Malaria
Merozoite surface protein-1 of Plasmodium yoelii fused via an oligosaccharide moiety of cholera toxin B subunit glycoprotein expressed in yeast induced protective immunity against lethal malaria infection in mice.
Measles
Cholera toxin B stimulates systemic neutralizing antibodies after intranasal co-immunization with measles virus.
Measles
Protection against measles virus-induced encephalitis by antibodies from mice immunized intranasally with a synthetic peptide immunogen.
Mouth Diseases
Foot-and-mouth disease virus VP1 protein fused with cholera toxin B subunit expressed in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii chloroplast.
Mouth Diseases
Stable expression of foot-and-mouth disease virus protein VP1 fused with cholera toxin B subunit in the potato (Solanum tuberosum).
Movement Disorders
Botulinum toxin B treatment in children with spastic movement disorders: a pilot study.
Muscle Spasticity
Botulinum toxin B increases mouth opening in patients with spastic trismus.
Muscle Spasticity
Botulinum toxin B treatment in children with spastic movement disorders: a pilot study.
Neoplasm Metastasis
Tumor-specific targeting of pancreatic cancer with Shigatoxin B-subunit.
Neoplasms
Clostridium difficile toxin B recombinant protein inhibits tumor growth and induces apoptosis through inhibiting Bcl-2 expression, triggering inflammatory responses and activating C-erbB-2 and Cox-2 expression in breast cancer mouse model.
Neoplasms
Combination of Salermide and Cholera Toxin B Induce Apoptosis in MCF-7 but Not in MRC-5 Cell Lines.
Neoplasms
Cytokine response by human monocytes to Clostridium difficile toxin A and toxin B.
Neoplasms
Effects of Clostridium difficile toxin B on human monocytes and macrophages: possible relationship with cytoskeletal rearrangement.
Neoplasms
Human intestinal epithelial and smooth muscle cells are potent producers of IL-6.
Neoplasms
Mutant anthrax toxin B moiety (protective antigen) inhibits angiogenesis and tumor growth.
Neoplasms
Recombinant ricin toxin A chain cytotoxicity against carcinoembryonic antigen expressing tumour cells mediated by a bispecific monoclonal antibody and its potentiation by ricin toxin B chain.
Neoplasms
Role of tumor necrosis factor and nitric oxide in the cytotoxic effects of Clostridium difficile toxin A and toxin B on macrophages.
Neoplasms
Targeted Protein Degradation through Cytosolic Delivery of Monobody Binders Using Bacterial Toxins.
Neoplasms
Temperature and cholera toxin B are factors that influence formation of membrane nanotubes in RT4 and T24 urothelial cancer cell lines.
Neoplasms
The Assembly State between Magnetic Nanosensors and Their Targets Orchestrates Their Magnetic Relaxation Response.
Neoplasms
The cytotoxic synergy between Clostridioides difficile toxin B and proinflammatory cytokines: an unholy alliance favoring the onset of Clostridioides difficile infection and relapses.
Neoplasms
The involvement of macrophage-derived tumour necrosis factor and lipoxygenase products on the neutrophil recruitment induced by Clostridium difficile toxin B.
Neuralgia
Botulinum Toxin B Affects Neuropathic Pain but Not Functional Recovery after Peripheral Nerve Injury in a Mouse Model.
Neuroblastoma
Characterization of cholera toxin B subunit-induced Ca(2+) influx in neuroblastoma cells: evidence for a voltage-independent GM1 ganglioside-associated Ca(2+) channel.
Neuroblastoma
Cooperativity of ganglioside-dependent with protein-dependent substratum adhesion and neurite extension of human neuroblastoma cells.
Neuroblastoma
Desialylation of extracellular GD1a-neoganglioprotein suggests cell surface orientation of the plasma membrane-bound ganglioside sialidase activity in human neuroblastoma cells.
Neuroblastoma
Ganglioside-dependent adhesion events of human neuroblastoma cells regulated by the RGDS-dependent fibronectin receptor and proteoglycans.
Neuroblastoma
Inhibition by toxin B of inositol phosphate formation induced by G protein-coupled and tyrosine kinase receptors in N1E-115 neuroblastoma cells: involvement of Rho proteins.
Neuroblastoma
PKC phosphorylates MARCKS Ser159 not only directly but also through RhoA/ROCK.
Neurodegenerative Diseases
Successful treatment of drooling in children with neurological disorders with botulinum toxin A or B.
Neuromuscular Diseases
Differential mechanisms are required for phrenic long-term facilitation over the course of motor neuron loss following CTB-SAP intrapleural injections.
Neuromuscular Diseases
Divergent receptor utilization is necessary for phrenic long-term facilitation over the course of motor neuron loss following CTB-SAP intrapleural injections.
Orthomyxoviridae Infections
Construction and immunogenicity evaluation of an epitope-based antigen against swine influenza A virus using Escherichia coli heat-labile toxin B subunit as a carrier-adjuvant.
Parasitic Diseases
Novel strategy in Trypanosoma cruzi cell invasion: implication of cholesterol and host cell microdomains.
Parkinson Disease
A double-blind placebo-controlled trial of botulinum toxin B for sialorrhea in Parkinson's disease.
Parkinson Disease
Botulinum toxin B ultrasound-guided injections for sialorrhea in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Parkinson's disease.
Peripheral Nerve Injuries
Botulinum Toxin B Affects Neuropathic Pain but Not Functional Recovery after Peripheral Nerve Injury in a Mouse Model.
Peripheral Nerve Injuries
Evidence against cholera toxin B subunit as a reliable tracer for sprouting of primary afferents following peripheral nerve injury.
Pharyngitis
Association of exotoxin-producing group A streptococci and severe disease in children.
Pheochromocytoma
Comparison of the intracellular effects of clostridial neurotoxins on exocytosis from streptolysin O-permeabilized rat pheochromocytoma (PC 12) and bovine adrenal chromaffin cells.
Pheochromocytoma
Fucosyl-GM1 expression and amyloid-beta protein accumulation in PC12 cells.
Plague
Intra nasal administration of poly-lactic acid microsphere co-encapsulated Yersinia pestis subunits confers protection from pneumonic plague in the mouse.
Pressure Ulcer
Botulinum toxin B suppresses the pressure ulcer formation in cutaneous ischemia-reperfusion injury mouse model: Possible regulation of oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress.
Primary Dysautonomias
Long lasting dysautonomia due to botulinum toxin B poisoning: clinical-laboratory follow up and difficulties in initial diagnosis.
Pseudorabies
A spinal cord pathway connecting primary afferents to the segmental sympathetic outflow system.
Pseudorabies
Golgi staining-like retrograde labeling of brain circuits using rabies virus: Focus onto the striatonigral neurons.
Pseudorabies
Interneurons presynaptic to rat tail-flick motoneurons as mapped by transneuronal transport of pseudorabies virus: few have long ascending collaterals.
Rabies
DABMA: A Derivative of ABMA with Improved Broad-Spectrum Inhibitory Activity of Toxins and Viruses.
Rabies
Expression of Rabies Glycoprotein and Ricin Toxin B Chain (RGP-RTB) Fusion Protein in Tomato Hairy Roots: A Step Towards Oral Vaccination for Rabies.
Rabies
Golgi staining-like retrograde labeling of brain circuits using rabies virus: Focus onto the striatonigral neurons.
Rabies
High level expression of a functionally active cholera toxin B: rabies glycoprotein fusion protein in tobacco seeds.
Rabies
Rabies glycoprotein fused with B subunit of cholera toxin expressed in tobacco plants folds into biologically active pentameric protein.
Rabies
Structure-function relationships of curaremimetic neurotoxin loop 2 and of a structurally similar segment of rabies virus glycoprotein in their interaction with the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor.
Reperfusion Injury
Botulinum toxin B suppresses the pressure ulcer formation in cutaneous ischemia-reperfusion injury mouse model: Possible regulation of oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress.
Retinal Dystrophies
Demonstration of retinal afferents in the RCS rat, with reference to the retinohypothalamic projection and suprachiasmatic nucleus.
Retinoblastoma
Differential involvement of the actin cytoskeleton in differentiation and mitogenesis of thyroid cells: inactivation of Rho proteins contributes to cyclic adenosine monophosphate-dependent gene expression but prevents mitogenesis.
Rhinitis, Allergic
Immunostimulatory sequence oligdeoxynucleotide/cholera toxin B conjugate: a novel allergen-independent intranasal vaccine for allergic rhinitis.
Rotavirus Infections
Co-immunization with an HIV-1 Tat transduction peptide-rotavirus enterotoxin fusion protein stimulates a Th1 mucosal immune response in mice.
Sarcoma, Ewing
Neuronal differentiation of Ewing's sarcoma induced by cholera toxin B and bromodeoxyuridine--establishment of Ewing's sarcoma cell line and histochemical study.
Scarlet Fever
[Toxin B and A production by beta-hemolytic streptococci isolated from scarlet fever patients]
Schistosomiasis
A mucosally administered recombinant fusion protein vaccine against schistosomiasis protecting against immunopathology and infection.
Scleroderma, Systemic
Efficacy of Botulinum Toxin B Injection for Raynaud's Phenomenon and Digital Ulcers in Patients with Systemic Sclerosis.
Scleroderma, Systemic
Inhibition of skin fibrosis in systemic sclerosis by botulinum toxin B via the suppression of oxidative stress.
Scleroderma, Systemic
Successful treatment of Raynaud's phenomenon and digital ulcers in systemic sclerosis patients with botulinum toxin B injection: Assessment of peripheral vascular disorder by angiography and dermoscopic image of nail fold capillary.
Seizures
Cholera toxin B decreases bicuculline seizures in prenatally morphine- and saline-exposed male rats.
Sepsis
Staphylococcal toxins in patients with psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, and erythroderma, and in healthy control subjects.
Sepsis
Vaccination against Streptococcus pneumoniae using truncated derivatives of polyhistidine triad protein D.
Sepsis
[Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome associated with long-term catherter related infection in an adult].
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
[High-efficiency expression of a receptor-binding domain of SARS-CoV spike protein in tobacco chloroplasts].
Shock, Septic
Molecular characterization and clonal diversity of methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus in milk of cows with mastitis in Brazil.
Sialorrhea
A double-blind placebo-controlled trial of botulinum toxin B for sialorrhea in Parkinson's disease.
Sialorrhea
Botulinum toxin B as an effective and safe treatment for neuroleptic-induced sialorrhea.
Sialorrhea
Botulinum toxin B ultrasound-guided injections for sialorrhea in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Parkinson's disease.
Sialorrhea
Practice parameter update: The care of the patient with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: multidisciplinary care, symptom management, and cognitive/behavioral impairment (an evidence-based review): report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology.
Sialorrhea
The use of botulinum toxin injections to manage drooling in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/motor neurone disease: a systematic review.
Sialorrhea
[Pharmacological strategies for clozapine-induced hypersalivation: treatment with botulinum toxin B in one patient and review of the literature]
Spinal Cord Injuries
Cerebrospinal fluid-contacting neurons affect the expression of endogenous neural progenitor cells and the recovery of neural function after spinal cord injury.
Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck
A preliminary investigation of circulating extracellular vesicles and biomarker discovery associated with treatment response in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.
Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck
Synergy of Radiotherapy and a Cancer Vaccine for the Treatment of HPV-Associated Head and Neck Cancer.
Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome
Staphylococcal exfoliative toxin B specifically cleaves desmoglein 1.
Tachycardia, Ventricular
Targeted ablation of cardiac sympathetic neurons reduces the susceptibility to ischemia-induced sustained ventricular tachycardia in conscious rats.
Tetanus
Antibody responses in serum and lung to intranasal immunization with Haemophilus influenzae type b polysaccharide conjugated to cholera toxin B subunit and tetanus toxoid.
Tetanus
Combination therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma by DNA shuffling-based VEGF vaccine and doxorubicin.
Tetanus
Comparison of the intracellular effects of clostridial neurotoxins on exocytosis from streptolysin O-permeabilized rat pheochromocytoma (PC 12) and bovine adrenal chromaffin cells.
Tetanus
Frequent nasal administrations of recombinant cholera toxin B subunit (rCTB)-containing tetanus and diphtheria toxoid vaccines induced antigen-specific serum and mucosal immune responses in the presence of anti-rCTB antibodies.
Tetanus
Genetic characterisation of the botulinum toxin complex of Clostridium botulinum strain NCTC 2916.
Tetanus
Inhibitors of synaptic vesicle exocytosis reduce surface expression of postsynaptic glutamate receptors.
Tetanus
Intranasal or subcutaneous co-administration of recombinant cholera toxin B subunit stimulates only a slight or no level of the specific IgE response in mice to tetanus toxoid.
Tetanus
Micrometer-sized supported lipid bilayer arrays for bacterial toxin binding studies through total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy.
Tetanus
Mucosal immunization against hepatitis B virus by intranasal co-administration of recombinant hepatitis B surface antigen and recombinant cholera toxin B subunit as an adjuvant.
Tetanus
Preparation and preclinical evaluation of experimental group B streptococcus type III polysaccharide-cholera toxin B subunit conjugate vaccine for intranasal immunization.
Tetanus
Recombinant cholera toxin B subunit (rCTB) as a mucosal adjuvant enhances induction of diphtheria and tetanus antitoxin antibodies in mice by intranasal administration with diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus (DPT) combination vaccine.
Tetanus
Systemic and mucosal immune responses of mice to aluminium-adsorbed or aluminium-non-adsorbed tetanus toxoid administered intranasally with recombinant cholera toxin B subunit.
Tetanus
[Synthesis, Cloning and Expression of a Multiple Epitope Antigen of BCR-ABL Fusion Gene]
Thrombosis
Expression of cholera toxin B subunit-lumbrokinase in edible sunflower seeds-the use of transmucosal carrier to enhance its fusion protein's effect on protection of rats and mice against thrombosis.
Thrombosis
Letter regarding "Prevention of anastomotic thrombosis by botulinum toxin B after acute injury in a rat model".
Thrombosis
Prevention of Anastomotic Thrombosis by Botulinum Toxin B After Acute Injury in a Rat Model.
Thrombotic Microangiopathies
Shiga toxin B subunits induce VWF secretion by human endothelial cells and thrombotic microangiopathy in ADAMTS13-deficient mice.
Tuberculosis
Production of a fusion protein consisting of the enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli heat-labile toxin B subunit and a tuberculosis antigen in Arabidopsis thaliana.
Typhlitis
Effects of the two toxins of Clostridium difficile in antibiotic-associated cecitis in hamsters.
Typhoid Fever
Assessment of disease specific immune responses in enteric diseases using dried blood spot (DBS).
Typhoid Fever
Author Correction: Prophylactic potential of cytolethal distending toxin B (CdtB) subunit of typhoid toxin against Typhoid fever.
Typhoid Fever
Prophylactic potential of cytolethal distending toxin B (CdtB) subunit of typhoid toxin against Typhoid fever.
Urinary Bladder, Overactive
Botulinum toxin B is not an effective treatment of refractory overactive bladder.
Urinary Bladder, Overactive
Effects of botulinum toxin B on refractory detrusor overactivity: a randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled, crossover trial.
Urinary Tract Infections
Use of translational fusion of the MrpH fimbrial adhesin-binding domain with the cholera toxin A2 domain, coexpressed with the cholera toxin B subunit, as an intranasal vaccine to prevent experimental urinary tract infection by Proteus mirabilis.
Uveitis
Immunopathogenesis and prevention of uveitis with the Behçet's disease-specific peptide linked to cholera toxin B.
Uveitis
Oral tolerization with peptide 336-351 linked to cholera toxin B subunit in preventing relapses of uveitis in Behcet's disease.
Uveitis
Prevention of mucosally induced uveitis with a HSP60-derived peptide linked to cholera toxin B subunit.
Vaccinia
Immunogenicity and virulence of attenuated vaccinia virus Tian Tan encoding HIV-1 muti-epitope genes, p24 and cholera toxin B subunit in mice.
Virus Diseases
Cross-protection against influenza B type virus infection by intranasal inoculation of the HA vaccines combined with cholera toxin B subunit.
Virus Diseases
Cross-protection against influenza virus infection afforded by trivalent inactivated vaccines inoculated intranasally with cholera toxin B subunit.
Virus Diseases
CXCR4-Tropic, But Not CCR5-Tropic, Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Is Inhibited by the Lipid Raft-Associated Factors, Acyclic Retinoid Analogs, and Cholera Toxin B Subunit.
Virus Diseases
Protection against influenza virus infection by a two-dose regimen of nasal vaccination using vaccines combined with cholera toxin B subunit.
Virus Diseases
Protection against influenza virus infection by vaccine inoculated intranasally with cholera toxin B subunit.
Whooping Cough
A quantitative analysis for the ADP-ribosylation activity of pertussis toxin: an enzymatic-HPLC coupled assay applicable to formulated whole cell and acellular pertussis vaccine products.
Whooping Cough
Agonists of the P2Y(AC)-receptor activate MAP kinase by a ras-independent pathway in rat C6 glioma.
Whooping Cough
Cooperation of Gq, Gi, and G12/13 in protein kinase D activation and phosphorylation induced by lysophosphatidic acid.
Whooping Cough
Enhancement of the migration of metastatic human breast cancer cells by phosphatidic acid.
Whooping Cough
Enhancing effects of pertussis toxin B oligomer on the immunogenicity of influenza vaccine administered intranasally.
Whooping Cough
Expression and secretion of the S2 subunit of pertussis toxin in Bacillus brevis.
Whooping Cough
Expression of Bordetella pertussis Antigens Fused to Different Vectors and Their Effectiveness as Vaccines.
Whooping Cough
HIV-1 Tat triggers TGF-beta production and NK cell apoptosis that is prevented by pertussis toxin B.
Whooping Cough
Identification of murine T-cell epitopes on the S4 subunit of pertussis toxin.
Whooping Cough
Immunization with the recombinant Cholera toxin B fused to Fimbria 2 protein protects against Bordetella pertussis infection.
Whooping Cough
Involvement of sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) receptor type 1 and type 4 in migratory response of mouse T cells toward S1P.
Whooping Cough
Lysophospholipids increase ICAM-1 expression in HUVEC through a Gi- and NF-kappaB-dependent mechanism.
Whooping Cough
Mechanism of pertussis toxin B oligomer-mediated protection against Bordetella pertussis respiratory infection.
Whooping Cough
Monoclonal antibodies against the enzymatic subunit of both pertussis and cholera toxins.
Whooping Cough
Mucosal and systemic antibody responses against an acellular pertussis vaccine in mice after intranasal co-administration with recombinant cholera toxin B subunit as an adjuvant.
Whooping Cough
Nitric oxide induction by pertussis toxin in mouse spleen cells via gamma interferon.
Whooping Cough
Pertussis holotoxoid formed in vitro with a genetically deactivated S1 subunit.
Whooping Cough
Pertussis toxin (PTX) B subunit and the nontoxic PTX mutant PT9K/129G inhibit Tat-induced TGF-beta production by NK cells and TGF-beta-mediated NK cell apoptosis.
Whooping Cough
Pertussis toxin B-oligomer dissociates T cell activation and HIV replication in CD4 T cells released from infected lymphoid tissue.
Whooping Cough
Properties of pertussis toxin B oligomer assembled in vitro from recombinant polypeptides produced by Escherichia coli.
Whooping Cough
Regulation of volume-sensitive osmolyte efflux from human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells following activation of lysophospholipid receptors.
Whooping Cough
Thymic emigrants isolated by a new method possess unique phenotypic and functional properties.
Whooping Cough
TLR2 transmodulates monocyte adhesion and transmigration via Rac1- and PI3K-mediated inside-out signaling in response to Porphyromonas gingivalis fimbriae.
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pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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ORGANISM
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
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SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
SOURCE
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UNIPROT
ENTRY NAME
ORGANISM
NO. OF AA
NO. OF TRANSM. HELICES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT[Da]
SOURCE
SEQUENCE
LOCALIZATION PREDICTION
The reliability class of the localization prediction ranges from 1 (very reliable) to 5 (not reliable).
The reliability class of the localization prediction ranges from 1 (very reliable) to 5 (not reliable). NUD22_HUMAN
303
0
32580
Swiss-Prot
other Location (Reliability: 2)
NUD14_HUMAN
222
0
24118
Swiss-Prot
Mitochondrion (Reliability: 5)
B3KXY7_HUMAN
149
0
16369
TrEMBL
Mitochondrion (Reliability: 5)
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PDB
SCOP
CATH
UNIPROT
ORGANISM
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SUBUNIT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
additional information
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PURIFICATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
native enzyme from kineys by anion exchange chromatography, hydroxyapatite and again anion exchange chromatography, gel filtration, another different step of anion exchange and finally cation exchange chromatography followed by native PAGE
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CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
gene UGPP, overexpression in Escherichia coli strain AD494(DE3), subcloning in strain JM109
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REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Yagi, T.; Baroja-Fernandez, E.; Yamamoto, R.; Munnoz, F.-J.; Akazawa, A.; Hong, K.S.; Pozueta-Romero, J.
Cloning, expression and characterization of a mammalian Nudix hydrolase-like enzyme that cleaves the pyrophosphate bond of UDP-glucose
Biochem. J.
370
409-415
2003
Sus scrofa, Homo sapiens (O95848), Homo sapiens
brenda
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