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Information on EC 3.6.1.22 - NAD+ diphosphatase and Organism(s) Arabidopsis thaliana

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EC Tree
     3 Hydrolases
         3.6 Acting on acid anhydrides
             3.6.1 In phosphorus-containing anhydrides
                3.6.1.22 NAD+ diphosphatase
IUBMB Comments
This enzyme, described from plants, animals, and bacteria, can act on both reduced and oxidized forms of its substrate, although enzymes from different organisms have different preferences. Also acts on other dinucleotides, including NADP(H), FAD(H2), and the thionicotinamide analogues of NAD+ and NADP+.
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This record set is specific for:
Arabidopsis thaliana
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Word Map
The taxonomic range for the selected organisms is: Arabidopsis thaliana
The enzyme appears in selected viruses and cellular organisms
Reaction Schemes
Synonyms
alkaline phosphodiesterase i, nadh pyrophosphatase, nad pyrophosphatase, atnudx19, nudx19, nad+ pyrophosphatase, nadph pyrophosphohydrolase, nudix hydrolase 19, more
SYNONYM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
At5g20070
locus name
NAD diphosphatase
-
-
-
-
NAD pyrophosphatase
-
-
-
-
NAD+ diphosphatase
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-
-
-
NAD+ pyrophosphatase
-
-
-
-
NADH pyrophosphatase
-
-
-
-
NADP pyrophosphatase
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-
-
-
NADPH pyrophosphohydrolase
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Nudix hydrolase 19
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REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
phosphorous acid anhydride hydrolysis
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-
-
-
PATHWAY SOURCE
PATHWAYS
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-, -, -, -
SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
NAD+ phosphohydrolase
This enzyme, described from plants, animals, and bacteria, can act on both reduced and oxidized forms of its substrate, although enzymes from different organisms have different preferences. Also acts on other dinucleotides, including NADP(H), FAD(H2), and the thionicotinamide analogues of NAD+ and NADP+.
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY hide
37289-33-1
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT                       
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
NAD+ + H2O
NMN + AMP
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
NADH + H2O
NMNH + AMP
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
NADP+ + H2O
NMN + adenosine 3',5'-diphosphate
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
NADPH + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
AtNUDX19 catalyzes the hydrolysis of NADPH, but not NADH, in vivo
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-
-
NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
NADP+ + H2O
NMN + adenosine 3',5'-diphosphate
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
NADPH + H2O
?
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
AtNUDX19 catalyzes the hydrolysis of NADPH, but not NADH, in vivo
-
-
-
ORGANISM
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
SOURCE
LOCALIZATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
GeneOntology No.
LITERATURE
SOURCE
additional information
AtNUDX19 is targeted to both chloroplasts and peroxisomes
-
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
evolution
structure and phylogenetic tree of AtNUDX19-type (SQPWP) enzymes, structure of subgroup I (including AtNUDX19) and II
malfunction
nudx19 mutants accumulate salicylic acid and show high sensitivity to the hormone. Physiological role of AtNUDX19 using its loss-of-function mutants. NADPH levels are increased in nudx19 mutants under both normal and high light conditions, while NADP+ and NAD+ levels are decreased. Despite the high redox states of NADP(H), nudx19 mutants exhibit high tolerance to moderate light- or methylviologen-induced photooxidative stresses. The tolerance of nudx19 mutants to photooxidative stress is due to an enhancement in photosynthesis, increase in antioxidant capacity, and/or modulation of the expression of defense genes through changes in the levels and redox states of NAD(P), phenotypes, overview. AtNUDX19 acts as a negative regulator of SA synthesis. In contrast, KO- and KD-nudx19 plants are slightly insensitive to jasmonic acid methyl (MeJA) and abscisic acid (ABA). This might be explained by the fact that SA acts as an antagonist of these hormones. The expression of AtNUDX19 is also responsive to treatments with these hormones
physiological function
Arabidopsis Nudix hydrolase, AtNUDX19, has NADPH hydrolytic activity in vitro and is a regulator of the NADPH status. Role of ANUDX19 in regulation of the salicylic acid response in a negative manner. ANUDX19 acts as an NADPH diphosphohydrolase to modulate cellular levels and redox states of pyridine nucleotides and fine-tunes photooxidative stress response through the regulation of photosynthesis, antioxidant system, /and possibly hormonal signaling. The redox states of NADP(H) are crucial for regulating both ROS production and scavenging in chloroplasts. AtNUDX19 regulates NADPH levels and activity of enzymes involved in the NADPH production in Arabidopsis thaliana leaves and roots. AtNUDX19 catalyzes the hydrolysis of NADPH, but not NADH, in vivo and has significant impacts on the cellular levels and redox states of pyridine nucleotides
UNIPROT
ENTRY NAME
ORGANISM
NO. OF AA
NO. OF TRANSM. HELICES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT[Da]
SOURCE
SEQUENCE
LOCALIZATION PREDICTION?
NUDT6_ARATH
283
0
31913
Swiss-Prot
other Location (Reliability: 1)
NUDT7_ARATH
282
0
31884
Swiss-Prot
other Location (Reliability: 2)
NUD19_ARATH
438
0
48347
Swiss-Prot
Chloroplast (Reliability: 4)
NUD10_ARATH
277
0
31816
Swiss-Prot
other Location (Reliability: 1)
NUDT1_ARATH
147
0
16357
Swiss-Prot
Secretory Pathway (Reliability: 5)
NUDT2_ARATH
278
0
31611
Swiss-Prot
other Location (Reliability: 5)
NUDT4_ARATH
207
0
23701
Swiss-Prot
Secretory Pathway (Reliability: 4)
A0A1P8B8N5_ARATH
217
0
25069
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 3)
A0A654ET79_ARATH
215
0
24475
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 2)
A0A178V1L0_ARATH
213
0
24171
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 1)
A0A1P8B8N6_ARATH
309
0
35648
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 1)
A0A654G9F5_ARATH
325
0
36903
TrEMBL
Mitochondrion (Reliability: 2)
A0A7G2E7C9_ARATH
454
0
51006
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 2)
A0A1P8B8M8_ARATH
213
0
24184
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 1)
A0A7G2FKW1_ARATH
278
0
31588
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 5)
A0A654ERV1_ARATH
283
0
31913
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 1)
A0A178VVD4_ARATH
215
0
24435
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 2)
A0A7G2FE68_ARATH
369
0
41274
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 2)
A0A5S9WX42_ARATH
283
0
32080
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 1)
A0A5S9YBU1_ARATH
369
0
41314
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 3)
A0A5S9XW48_ARATH
282
0
32370
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 1)
A0A1P8B8P8_ARATH
228
1
25835
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 1)
A0A178UH84_ARATH
227
0
25440
TrEMBL
Mitochondrion (Reliability: 2)
A0A1P8B8N1_ARATH
232
0
26550
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 4)
A0A1P8B846_ARATH
217
0
24326
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 2)
A0A654FSR4_ARATH
282
0
32369
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 1)
A0A1P8B8M5_ARATH
282
0
32369
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 1)
A0A5S9XRR9_ARATH
293
0
33198
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 3)
A0A1P8B842_ARATH
199
0
22556
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 3)
A0A1P8BEL5_ARATH
324
0
36796
TrEMBL
Mitochondrion (Reliability: 3)
A0A178UZP2_ARATH
282
0
32330
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 1)
A0A7G2F074_ARATH
282
0
31869
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 2)
A0A178UIS1_ARATH
189
0
21041
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 5)
Q9SJC5_ARATH
215
0
24393
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 2)
A0A5S9Y5T2_ARATH
403
0
44601
TrEMBL
Chloroplast (Reliability: 2)
A0A1P8BEI5_ARATH
398
0
44778
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 3)
A0A178W1A2_ARATH
283
0
31816
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 2)
A0A1P8B8M4_ARATH
255
1
29113
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 1)
A0A178V0V6_ARATH
218
0
24723
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 1)
A0A178V4N8_ARATH
282
0
31884
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 2)
A0A1P8B8N9_ARATH
237
0
27103
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 4)
A0A178UZA7_ARATH
245
0
27629
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 1)
A0A1P8BEH7_ARATH
325
0
36927
TrEMBL
Mitochondrion (Reliability: 2)
A0A7G2F3N2_ARATH
277
0
31777
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 1)
A0A178UQA0_ARATH
438
0
48401
TrEMBL
Chloroplast (Reliability: 5)
A0A1P8B8N4_ARATH
245
0
28015
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 1)
A0A5S9YBZ9_ARATH
325
0
36904
TrEMBL
Mitochondrion (Reliability: 2)
A0A1P8B8M9_ARATH
218
0
24736
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 1)
A0A178U9C8_ARATH
371
0
41683
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 3)
A0A654ERV2_ARATH
283
0
32072
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 1)
A0A654G8U4_ARATH
369
0
41413
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 2)
A0A5S9WX29_ARATH
215
0
24490
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 2)
A0A178VNV9_ARATH
283
0
32104
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 1)
F4JRE7_ARATH
322
0
36510
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 2)
A0A178UJR5_ARATH
236
0
26357
TrEMBL
Mitochondrion (Reliability: 2)
A0A5S9WX54_ARATH
283
0
31913
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 1)
A0A1P8B0R5_ARATH
283
0
32080
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 1)
SUBUNIT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
additional information
AtNUDX19 has the NUDIX, NUDIX-like, and zf-NADH-PPase domains, and the Nudix and SQPWPFPxS motifs, structure of AtNUDX19-type (SQPWP) enzymes, structure of subgroup I (including AtNUDX19) and II
PROTEIN VARIANTS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
additional information
construction of AtNUDX19 mutants, Arabidopsis lines SALK_115339 and SALK_135053 containing a T-DNA insert in the AtNUDX19 gene, physiological function analysis. Neither transcript nor protein of AtNUDX19 is detected in the homozygous SALK_135053 line, and very low levels of the AtNUDX19 transcript and protein are observed in the homozygous SALK_115339 line. Thus, the SALK_135053 and SALK_115339 lines are knockout (KO-nudx19) and knockdown (KD-nudx19) mutants of this gene, respectively. The growth of the mutants is similar to that of wild-type plants under normal growth conditions. The ratio of NADPH to total NADP(H) in KD- and KO-nudx19 plants is approximately 2fold higher than that in wild type under both conditions. The lack of AtNUDX19 had no impact on NADH levels. Under normal light intensity, there is also no difference in NAD+ levels between wild-type and mutant plants. Although NAD+ levels are increased in response to high light in wild type, this increase is almost completely inhibits in the nudx19 mutants, which increases the ratio of NADH to total NAD(H). Tolerance of nudx19 mutants to photooxidative stress, phenotypes. The tolerance of nudx19 mutants to photooxidative stress is due to an enhancement in photosynthesis, increase in antioxidant capacity, and/or modulation of the expression of defense genes through changes in the levels and redox states of NAD(P). Effects of AtNUDX19-disruption on nuclear gene expression, overview
CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
gene NUDX19, sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analysis
REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Maruta, T.; Ogawa, T.; Tsujimura, M.; Ikemoto, K.; Yoshida, T.; Takahashi, H.; Yoshimura, K.; Shigeoka, S.
Loss-of-function of an Arabidopsis NADPH pyrophosphohydrolase, AtNUDX19, impacts on the pyridine nucleotides status and confers photooxidative stress tolerance
Sci. Rep.
6
37432
2016
Arabidopsis thaliana (Q94A82)
-
Manually annotated by BRENDA team