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Information on EC 3.5.3.1 - arginase and Organism(s) Homo sapiens

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EC Tree
     3 Hydrolases
         3.5 Acting on carbon-nitrogen bonds, other than peptide bonds
             3.5.3 In linear amidines
                3.5.3.1 arginase
IUBMB Comments
Also hydrolyses alpha-N-substituted L-arginines and canavanine.
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This record set is specific for:
Homo sapiens
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Word Map
The taxonomic range for the selected organisms is: Homo sapiens
The enzyme appears in selected viruses and cellular organisms
Reaction Schemes
Synonyms
arginase, arginase-1, arginase i, arginase 1, arginase ii, arginase-2, serum arginase, arginase1, l-arginase, liver-type arginase, more
SYNONYM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
arginase
arginase 1
-
arginase I
arginase II
arginase type I
-
-
arginase-1
-
arginase-2
arginase1
-
-
arginine amidinase
-
-
-
-
arginine transamidinase
-
-
-
-
canavanase
-
-
-
-
human arginase type I
-
Kidney-type arginase
-
-
-
-
L-arginase
-
-
-
-
L-arginine amidino hydrolase
-
-
L-arginine amidinohydrolase
-
-
Liver-type arginase
-
-
-
-
Non-hepatic arginase
-
-
-
-
PMN arginase
-
-
recombinant human arginase I
-
-
rhArg-PEG
-
-
rhArg1
-
recombinant human arginase
serum arginase
-
-
tissue arginase
-
-
type II arginase
-
-
REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY hide
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
L-arginine + H2O = L-ornithine + urea
show the reaction diagram
REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
C-N bond cleavage
-
-
hydrolysis of linear amidines
-
-
-
-
SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
L-arginine amidinohydrolase
Also hydrolyses alpha-N-substituted L-arginines and canavanine.
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY hide
9000-96-8
-
SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT                       
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
agmatine + H2O
1,4-diaminobutane + urea
show the reaction diagram
-
for wild-type, no substrate. Hydrolysis by mutant N149D
-
-
?
L-arginine + H2O
L-ornithine + urea
show the reaction diagram
additional information
?
-
NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
L-arginine + H2O
L-ornithine + urea
show the reaction diagram
additional information
?
-
METALS and IONS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
Co2+
-
activating
Guanidinium chloride
the single mutant R308A changes to a trimeric and kinetically cooperative form, whereas the other enzyme variants are not altered
additional information
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
(-)-epicatechin
-
(-)-epicatechin leads to a decreased arginase-2 mRNA expression after 24 h of incubation, in contrast a weak basal arginase-1 mRNA expression is not affected
(2S)-2-amino-3-(2-amino-1H-imidazol-5-yl)propanoic acid
2-aminoimidazole amino acid inhibitor in which the 2-aminoimidazole moiety serves as a guanidine mimetic
(2S)-2-amino-5-(1H-imidazol-2-ylamino)pentanoic acid
2-aminoimidazole amino acid inhibitor in which the 2-aminoimidazole moiety serves as a guanidine mimetic
(S)-(2-boronoethyl)-L-cysteine
-
boronic acid-based transition state analogue, classical competitive inhibition at pH 7.5, slow-binding inhibition at pH 9.5
(S)-2-amino-7-oxoheptanoic acid
-
2(S)-amino-6-boronohexanoic acid
2-(aminomethyl)-6-borononorleucine
-
2-(S)-amino-5-(2-aminoimidazol-1-yl)pentanoic acid
2-aminoimidazole amino acid inhibitor in which the 2-aminoimidazole moiety serves as a guanidine mimetic
2-amino-6-borono-2-(difluoromethyl)-hexanoic acid
-
2-amino-6-borono-2-butylhexanoic acid
-
2-amino-6-borono-2-methyl-hexanoic acid
-
2-amino-6-boronohexanoic acid
-
2-[(benzylamino)methyl]-6-borononorleucine
-
6-borono-2-(2-hydroxyethyl)norleucine
-
6-borono-2-(3-methoxypropyl)norleucine
-
6-borono-2-(hydroxymethyl)norleucine
-
6-borono-2-ethylnorleucine
-
6-borono-2-methylnorleucine
-
6-borono-2-propan-2-ylnorleucine
-
6-borono-2-[2-(4-hydroxypiperidin-1-yl)ethyl]norleucine
-
6-borono-2-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]norleucine
-
6-borono-2-[2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl]norleucine
-
6-borono-2-[2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)ethyl]norleucine
-
adenosine
-
-
agmatine
alpha-(4-boronobutyl)histidine
-
alpha-(4-boronobutyl)phenylalanine
-
asymmetric dimethylarginine
poor arginase 1 inhibitor
Borate
-
noncompetitive
Chloroquine
-
inhibits arginase in a dose-dependent manner, and displays a linear competitive inhibition on sickle erythrocyte arginase
citrulline
-
-
diethyl dicarbonate
-
causes a loss in ability of Mn2+ to reactivate inactive subunits of wild-type and mutant enzyme H141F, effect is reversed by hydroxylamine
flavanol-rich cocoa
-
cocoa flavanols lower arginase-2 mRNA expression and activity
-
Guanidinium chloride
-
-
homoarginine
at 2 mM arginine, 18% and 94% inhibition of arginase 2 is observed by homoarginine at the concentration of 1 and 10 mM. At 0.1 mM arginine, the conversion of arginine to ornithine by arginase 2 is inhibited by 47% and 88% in the presence of 1 mM and 10 mM homoarginine. No significant inhibition of arginase 2 is observed at physiological homoarginine concentrations; at Km concentration (3 mM) of the substrate arginine, 1 mM homoarginine inhibits arginase 1 activity by 14%, whereas a concentration of 10 mM results in 50% inhibition of the enzyme. At 0.1 mM arginine, arginase 1 inhibition by 1 mM and 10 mM homoarginine is 30% and 76%, respectively. No significant inhibitory effects of arginase 1 activity are observed with physiological concentrations of homoarginine, 0.001-0.01 mM
Indospicine
-
-
Inosine
-
-
Insulin
-
reduces arginase activity
-
L-argininamide
-
-
L-argininic acid
-
-
L-canavanine
-
-
L-homoarginine
-
-
L-lysine
binds to isoform arginase I with Kd of 13.1 microM
L-N5-(1-iminoethyl)-ornithine
-
-
L-N6-(1-iminoethyl)-lysine
-
-
L-ornithine
L-thiocitrulline
-
-
lysine
Mn2+
the rate of arginase 1-mediated ornithine formation from L-arginine is 20% higher in absence of Mn2+ supplementation; the rate of arginase 1-mediated ornithine formation from L-arginine is 20% higher in absence of Mn2+ supplementation
NG-monomethyl-L-arginine
poor arginase 1 inhibitor
Nomega-amino-L-arginine
-
-
Nomega-hydroxy-L-arginine
Nomega-hydroxy-nor-L-arginine
Nomega-Nitro-L-arginine
-
-
proline
poor arginase 1 inhibitor
S-(2-aminoethyl)isothiourea
-
-
S-(2-boronoethyl)-L-cysteine
S-(3-aminopropyl)isothiourea
-
-
S-methyl-L-thiocitrulline
-
-
symmetric dimethylarginine
poor arginase 1 inhibitor
Woodward's reagent K
-
complete inactivation, reactivation by 0.5 M hydroxylamine. Reactivated enzyme can be inactivated again
additional information
-
ACTIVATING COMPOUND
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
IL-4
-
interleukin IL-4, up to 16-fold stimulation of enzyme activity in RAW-264.7 cell, in combinantion with rolipram additional activation. No stimulation of enzyme in alveolar macrophages by IL-4 alone, but increase of stimulation by forskolin and 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine, IBMX, in presence of IL-4
-
TGF-beta
-
transforming growth factor, up to 5-fold stimulation, further stimulation in combination with rolipram
-
thrombin
-
thrombin receptor antagonist peptide
-
endothelial cell exposition to 10 U/ml thrombin receptor antagonist peptide for 4 h leads to increased arginase activity
-
additional information
-
KM VALUE [mM]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
2.5
agmatine
-
37°C, pH 9.0, mutant N149D
0.02 - 136
L-arginine
additional information
additional information
-
TURNOVER NUMBER [1/s]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
33 - 1132
L-arginine
kcat/KM VALUE [1/mMs-1]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
120 - 2600
L-arginine
Ki VALUE [mM]
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
0.3
(2S)-2-amino-3-(2-amino-1H-imidazol-5-yl)propanoic acid
pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
0.5
(2S)-2-amino-5-(1H-imidazol-2-ylamino)pentanoic acid
pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
0.00003 - 0.00031
(S)-(2-boronoethyl)-L-cysteine
0.0000085 - 0.00025
2(S)-amino-6-boronohexanoic acid
0.004
2-(S)-amino-5-(2-aminoimidazol-1-yl)pentanoic acid
pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
0.3
Borate
-
-
0.023 - 0.041
Chloroquine
39 - 56
Guanidinium chloride
1.73 - 6.1
homoarginine
0.05 - 7.8
L-ornithine
0.5 - 1.79
lysine
0.0016
Nomega-hydroxy-L-arginine
-
pH 7.5, 22°C
0.000051
Nomega-hydroxy-nor-L-arginine
-
pH 7.5, 22°C
additional information
additional information
-
estimated Ki for several inhibitors, overview, inhibition kinetics
-
IC50 VALUE [mM]
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
0.00135 - 0.00207
2-(aminomethyl)-6-borononorleucine
0.0045
2-amino-6-borono-2-butylhexanoic acid
Homo sapiens
arginase II, at pH 7.4 and 37°C
0.00145 - 0.00192
2-amino-6-boronohexanoic acid
0.00326 - 0.00598
2-[(benzylamino)methyl]-6-borononorleucine
0.019 - 0.057
6-borono-2-(2-hydroxyethyl)norleucine
0.00512 - 0.00644
6-borono-2-(3-methoxypropyl)norleucine
0.00225 - 0.00428
6-borono-2-(hydroxymethyl)norleucine
0.0041 - 0.0046
6-borono-2-ethylnorleucine
0.0034 - 0.0057
6-borono-2-methylnorleucine
0.01124 - 0.0155
6-borono-2-propan-2-ylnorleucine
0.00037 - 0.00098
6-borono-2-[2-(4-hydroxypiperidin-1-yl)ethyl]norleucine
0.00052 - 0.000934
6-borono-2-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]norleucine
0.00402 - 0.00538
6-borono-2-[2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl]norleucine
0.00032 - 0.00062
6-borono-2-[2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)ethyl]norleucine
0.00228 - 0.00372
alpha-(4-boronobutyl)histidine
0.0105 - 0.017
alpha-(4-boronobutyl)phenylalanine
0.077 - 0.109
Chloroquine
2.52 - 8.14
homoarginine
0.88 - 3.64
lysine
SPECIFIC ACTIVITY [µmol/min/mg]
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
1600
pH 9.5, 37°C
41.8 - 888.5
range of activity in cirrhotic liver, 37°C, pH not specified in the publication
860.4 - 2300
range of activity in healthy liver, 37°C, pH not specified in the publication
additional information
pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
9.5
all mutants are kinetically indistinguishable from the wild-type enzyme at the optimum pH of 9.5. At the more physiological, pH 7.5, hyperbolic kinetics is observed for all the mutants, in contrast with the cooperative behavior exhibited by the wild-type species
additional information
TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
22
-
assay at room temperature
additional information
-
enzyme activity assay at room temperature
ORGANISM
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
SOURCE
-
endothelial cells isolated from umbilical veins
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
carcinoma tissue, increased arginase activity in various malignancies. In the event of carcinoma of the gallbladder the enzyme activity is significantly higher in comparison with cholecystitis
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
HBsAg-positive HCC, HB-8064, liver cancer cell line
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
alveolar macrophage
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
placental villi, isoform arginase-I is observed only in cytophoblasts, arginase-II in both cytophoblasts and synciotrophoblasts. Both isoforms are expressed in the first trimester and at term, enzyme activity is greater in the first trimester than at term
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
of penile corpus cavernosum
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
additional information
LOCALIZATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
GeneOntology No.
LITERATURE
SOURCE
additional information
-
extrahepatic
-
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
malfunction
-
arginase inhibition increases hepatic nitric oxide in HepG2 cells, and reverses the elevated mRNA expression of hepatic genes in lipid metabolism. The expression of phosphorylated 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase alpha is increased by arginase inhibition in HepG2 cells
physiological function
-
ARG1 and ARG2 are enzymatically active in hormone-sensitive and hormone-refractory prostate cancer cell lines and their decreased expression by siRNA results in reduced overall arginase activity and L-arginine metabolism. The decreased ARG1 and ARG2 expression also translates with diminished LNCaP cells cell growth and increased peripheral blood mononuclear cell activation following exposure to LNCaP cells conditioned media. Interleukin-8 is also upregulated following androgen stimulation and it directly increases the expression of ARG1 and ARG2 in the absence of androgens
UNIPROT
ENTRY NAME
ORGANISM
NO. OF AA
NO. OF TRANSM. HELICES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT[Da]
SOURCE
SEQUENCE
LOCALIZATION PREDICTION?
ARGI1_HUMAN
322
0
34735
Swiss-Prot
other Location (Reliability: 4)
ARGI2_HUMAN
354
0
38578
Swiss-Prot
Mitochondrion (Reliability: 1)
A0A024R6A0_HUMAN
354
0
38578
TrEMBL
Mitochondrion (Reliability: 1)
A0A5F9ZGN6_HUMAN
304
0
32702
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 2)
PDB
SCOP
CATH
UNIPROT
ORGANISM
MOLECULAR WEIGHT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
107000
-
gel filtration
120000
32000
gel filtration, replacement of Arg-308 with alanine, with or without truncation, yielded monomeric species
34740
theoretical value for unlabeled arginase I
35000
35510
-
MALDI-TOF-MS
35511
-
x * 35511, SDS-PAGE
35560
-
calculated
37000
-
4 * 37000, gel filtration with previous SDS treatment
37030
perdeuterated protein, estimated from amino acid sequence
40000
SDS-PAGE
additional information
SUBUNIT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
dimer
x-ray crystallography
monomer
oligomer
-
x * 35000, SDS-PAGE
tetramer
-
4 * 37000, gel filtration with previous SDS treatment
trimer
additional information
CRYSTALLIZATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
12-16 mg/ml purified recombinant wild-type enzyme and mutant H141C complexed with substrate L-arginine, reaction intermediate Nomega-hydroxy-L-arginine and analogue Nomega-hydroxy-nor-L-arginine, hanging drop vapour diffusion method, equal columns of protein and precipitant solution containing 50 mM bicine, pH 8.5 at 22°C, 12-18% PEG 8000, 5 mM MnCl2, equilibration at 4°C over 1 ml precipitant solution as reservoir, pyramidal crystals after 4 weeks, complex preparation by soaking of crystals in 18% PEG 8000, 50 bicine, pH 8.5, 5 mM MnCl2, and 5 mM of Nomega-hydroxy-L-arginine and L-arginine for 6 days, complex formation with analogue Nomega-hydroxy-nor-L-arginine affords equilibration to pH 7.5, X-ray diffraction structure determination and analysis at 2.0-2.9 A resolution
-
7 mg/ml purified fully active, untruncated enzyme complexed with 5 mM inhibitor S-(2-boronoethyl)-L-cysteine in 50 mM bicine, pH 8.5, 0.003 ml mixed with 0.1 ml MnCl2 and 0.003 ml precipitant solution containing 0.1 M Tris-HCl, pH 8.3-8.5, 3 M ammonium sulfate, equilibration over 1 ml reservoir solution containing 0.1 M Tris-HCl, pH 8.3-8.5, 3 M ammonium sulfate, and 20% v/v glycerol, hanging drop vapour diffusion method at 4°C, X-ray diffraction structure determination and analysis at 2.7 A resolution
-
D183A and D183N mutants of human arginase I complexed with 2(S)-amino-6-boronohexanoic acid are crystallized by the sitting drop vapor diffusion method at 21°C
-
in complex with inhibitors 2(S)-amino-6-boronohexanoic acid or S-(2-boronoethyl)-L-cysteine
in complex with inhibitors N-hydroxy-L-arginine and nor-N-hydroxy-L-arginine, to 2.04 and 1.55 A resolution, respectively, and in complex with L-lysine, to 1.9 A resolution. Enzyme forms hydrogen bond interactions with inhibitor alpha-carboxylate and alpha-amino groups
in complex with inhibitors, vapor diffusion method, using 100 mM malonic acid, imidazol, boric system pH 5, and 25% or 30% (w/v) polyethylene glycol 1500 for aginase I or II, respectively
sitting drop vapour diffusion method with 0.1 M Bis-Tris-HCl (pH 5.5), 10-20% (w/v) PEG-3350
PROTEIN VARIANTS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
D181E
with Co2+, rate similar to wild-type
D181E/S230A
with Co2+, rate similar to wild-type
D181N
with Co2+, rate similar to wild-type
D181N/S230G
with Co2+, rate similar to wild-type
D181S
with Co2+, rate similar to wild-type
D181S/S230G
with Co2+, rate similar to wild-type
D183A
-
site-directed mutagenesis. D183A substitution completely abolishes the hydrogen bond with the alpha-amino group of the inhibitor, resulting in 1400fold diminished affinity as well as a diminished occupancy of 0.5 for inhibitor binding in the crystal structure
D183N
-
site-directed mutagenesis. D183N substitution results solely from the altered electrostatics of the interaction with the alpha-amino group of the inhibitor
E256Q
In contrast with R308A, the monomeric E256Q variant of the human enzyme is totally inactivated by dialysis in the presence of EDTA, leading to the suggestion that the quaternary structure could play a role in the affinity of metal binding to arginase
H101N
-
60% of wild-type activity, unaltered Km for arginine and Ki for lysine compared to the wild-type enzyme
H120N
-
53% of wild-type activity, no alteration in KM-value
H126N
-
82% of wild-type activity, unaltered Km for arginine and Ki for lysine compared to the wild-type enzyme
H141C
-
site-directed mutagenesis, crystal structure determination with bound substrate and reaction intermediate
H141F
H145N
-
95% of wild-type activity, no alteration in KM-value
N130D
-
17% activity compared to the wild type enzyme, the mutant is also active on agmatine, the N130D mutant enzyme is inactive after dialysis against EDTA and assay in the absence of Mn2+
N130Q
-
after dialysis against EDTA and assay in the absence of Mn2+, the wild type-like N130Q mutant enzyme exhibits 50% activity
N149D
-
almost complete loss of activity with L-arginine, gain of activity with agmatine
R308A
site-directed mutagenesis, single mutant R308A changed to a trimeric and kinetically cooperative form, with or without truncation
S230C
with Co2+, about 2fold increase in rate, compared to wild-type
S230D
with Co2+, rate similar to wild-type
S230G
with Co2+, 2fold increase in rate, compared to wild-type
S230T
with Co2+, about 1.5fold increase in rate, compared to wild-type
additional information
TEMPERATURE STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
additional information
-
-
GENERAL STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
perdeuterated human arginase I exhibits catalytic activity essentially identical to that of the unlabeled enzyme
STORAGE STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
-20°C, for at least 3 months
-
PURIFICATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
DEAE-cellulose column chromatography
-
expressed in Escherichia coli
-
nickel affinity column chromatography
-
recombinant enzyme to homogeneity
-
recombinant wild-type and mutant enzymes from Escherichia coli
-
recombinant wild-type and truncated mutant enzymes from Escherichia coli BL21(DE3)
-
CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
expressed in Escherichia coli
-
expressed in Escherichia coli and expressed in Bacillus subtilis as a N-terminal 6xHistagged protein
-
expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) cells
expressed in Escherichia coli strain JM109
expression in Escherichia coli
-
expression in HEK293T cells
expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
expression of wild-type and mutant enzymes in Escherichia coli
-
expression of wild-type and truncated mutant enzymes in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3)
-
mutants are overexpressed and purified from Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) cells using a pBS(KS) vector
-
EXPRESSION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
arginase AI activity and its mRNA level are significantly decreased in cirrhotic liver
arginase AII activity and its mRNA level are significantly raised in cirrhotic liver
both ARG1 and ARG2 are expressed by hormone-sensitive and hormone-refractory prostate cancer cell lines, with the LNCaP cells having the highest arginase activity. In prostate tissue samples, ARG2 is more expressed in normal and non-malignant prostatic tissues compared to tumor tissues. Following androgen stimulation of LNCaP cells with 10 nM R1881, both ARG1 and ARG2 are overexpressed. The regulation of arginase expression following androgen stimulation is dependent on the androgen receptor. Interleukin-8 is also upregulated following androgen stimulation and it directly increases the expression of ARG1 and ARG2 in the absence of androgens
-
APPLICATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
analysis
development of a high-throughput semiquantitative assay system using a colorimetric 96-well plate assay to monitor the formation of urea. The assay has a dynamic range of about 5-300 microM for the ureido product
drug development
-
the application of rhArg-PEG alone or in combination with existing chemotherapeutic drugs may represent a specific and effective therapeutic strategy against human hepatocellular carcinoma
medicine
pharmacology
-
enzyme is a target for inhibitor design based on arginine analogues with uncharged, tetrahedral functional groups
REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Reyero, C.; Dorner, F.
Purification of arginases from human-leukemic lymphocytes and granulocytes: study of their physicochemical and kinetic properties
Eur. J. Biochem.
56
137-147
1975
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Beruter, J.; Colombo, J.; Bachmann, C.
Purification and properties of arginase from human liver and erythrocytes
Biochem. J.
175
449-454
1978
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Colombo, J.; Konarska, L.
Arginase
Methods Enzym. Anal. , 3rd Ed. (Bergmeyer, H. U. , ed. )
4
285-294
1984
Homo sapiens
-
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Grody, W.W.; Dizikes, G.J.; Cederbaum, S.D.
Human arginase isozymes
Isozymes Curr. Top. Biol. Med. Res.
13
181-214
1987
Bos taurus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Canis lupus familiaris, Gallus gallus, Oryctolagus cuniculus, Equus caballus, Homo sapiens, Platyrrhini, Mus musculus, Neurospora crassa, Rattus norvegicus
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Ikemoto, M.; Tabata, M.; Miyake, T.; Kono, T.; Mori, M.; Totani, M.; Murchi, T.
Expression of human liver arginase in Escherichia coli. Purification and properties of the product
Biochem. J.
270
697-703
1990
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Colleluori, D.M.; Morris, S.M., Jr.; Ash, D.E.
Expression, purification, and characterization of human type II arginase
Arch. Biochem. Biophys.
389
135-143
2001
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Orellana, M.S.; Lopez, V.; Uribe, E.; Fuentes, M.; Salas, M.; Carvajal, N.
Insights into the interaction of human liver arginase with tightly and weakly bound manganese ions by chemical modification and site-directed mutagenesis studies
Arch. Biochem. Biophys.
403
155-159
2002
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Cox, J.D.; Cama, E.; Colleluori, D.M.; Pethe, S.; Boucher, J.L.; Mansuy, D.; Ash, D.E.; Christianson, D.W.
Mechanistic and metabolic inferences from the binding of substrate analogues and products to arginase
Biochemistry
40
2689-2701
2001
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Colleluori, D.M.; Ash, D.E.
Classical and slow-binding inhibitors of human type II arginase
Biochemistry
40
9356-9362
2001
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Cama, E.; Colleluori, D.M.; Emig, F.A.; Shin, H.; Kim, S.W.; Kim, N.N.; Traish, A.M.; Ash, D.E.; Christianson, D.W.
Human arginase II: crystal structure and physiological role in male and female sexual arousal
Biochemistry
42
8445-8451
2003
Oryctolagus cuniculus, Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Erdely, A.; Kepka-Lenhart, D.; Clark, M.; Zeidler-Erdely, P.; Poljakovic, M.; Calhoun, W.J.; Morris, S.M.
Inhibition of phosphodiesterase 4 amplifies cytokine-dependent induction of arginase in macrophages
Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell Mol. Physiol.
290
L534-L539
2006
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Grasemann, H.; Schwiertz, R.; Matthiesen, S.; Racke, K.; Ratjen, F.
Increased arginase activity in cystic fibrosis airways
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.
172
1523-1528
2005
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Ming, X.F.; Barandier, C.; Viswambharan, H.; Kwak, B.R.; Mach, F.; Mazzolai, L.; Hayoz, D.; Ruffieux, J.; Rusconi, S.; Montani, J.P.; Yang, Z.
Thrombin stimulates human endothelial arginase enzymatic activity via RhoA/ROCK pathway: implications for atherosclerotic endothelial dysfunction
Circulation
110
3708-3714
2004
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Lopez, V.; Alarcon, R.; Orellana, M.S.; Enriquez, P.; Uribe, E.; Martinez, J.; Carvajal, N.
Insights into the interaction of human arginase II with substrate and manganese ions by site-directed mutagenesis and kinetic studies. Alteration of substrate specificity by replacement of Asn149 with Asp
FEBS J.
272
4540-4548
2005
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Morris, C.R.; Kato, G.J.; Poijakovic, M.; Wang, X.; Blackwelder, W.C.; Sachdev, V.; Hazen, S.L.; Vichinsky, E.P.; Morris, S.M.; Gladwin, M.T.
Dysregulated arginine metabolism, hemolysis-associated pulmonary hypertension, and mortality in sickle cell disease
J. Am. Med. Assoc.
294
81-90
2005
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Topal, J.L.; Brunet, A.; Walch, L.; Boucher, J.L.; David-Dufilho, M.
Mitochondrial arginase II modulates nitric-oxide synthesis through nonfreely exchangeable L-arginine pools in human endothelial cells
J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.
318
1368-1374
2006
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Ishikawa, T.; Harada, T.; Koi, H.; Kubota, T.; Azuma, H.; Aso, T.
Identification of arginase in human placental villi
Placenta
28
133-138
2006
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Di Costanzo, L.; Sabio, G.; Mora, A.; Rodriguez, P.C.; Ochoa, A.C.; Centeno, F.; Christianson, D.W.
Crystal structure of human arginase I at 1.29-A resolution and exploration of inhibition in the immune response
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
102
13058-13063
2005
Homo sapiens (P05089), Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Carvajal, N.; Uribe, E.; Lopez, V.; Salas, M.
Inactivation of human liver arginase by Woodwards reagent K: evidence for reaction with His141
Protein J.
23
179-183
2004
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Di Costanzo, L.; Moulin, M.; Haertlein, M.; Meilleur, F.; Christianson, D.W.
Expression, purification, assay, and crystal structure of perdeuterated human arginase I
Arch. Biochem. Biophys.
465
82-89
2007
Homo sapiens (P05089), Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Schnorr, O.; Brossette, T.; Momma, T.Y.; Kleinbongard, P.; Keen, C.L.; Schroeter, H.; Sies, H.
Cocoa flavanols lower vascular arginase activity in human endothelial cells in vitro and in erythrocytes in vivo
Arch. Biochem. Biophys.
476
211-215
2008
Homo sapiens, Rattus norvegicus
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Iyamu, E.W.; Ekekezie, C.; Woods, G.M.
In vitro evidence of the inhibitory capacity of chloroquine on arginase activity in sickle erythrocytes
Br. J. Haematol.
139
337-343
2007
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Kashyap, S.R.; Lara, A.; Zhang, R.; Park, Y.M.; DeFronzo, R.A.
Insulin reduces plasma arginase activity in type 2 diabetic patients
Diabetes Care
31
134-139
2008
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Alarcon, R.; Orellana, M.S.; Neira, B.; Uribe, E.; Garcia, J.R.; Carvajal, N.
Mutational analysis of substrate recognition by human arginase type I -agmatinase activity of the N130D variant
FEBS J.
273
5625-5631
2006
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Yang, L.; Lewis, C.M.; Chandrasekharan, U.M.; Kinney, C.M.; Dicorleto, P.E.; Kashyap, V.S.
Arginase activity is increased by thrombin: a mechanism for endothelial dysfunction in arterial thrombosis
J. Am. Coll. Surg.
203
817-826
2006
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
North, M.L.; Khanna, N.; Marsden, P.A.; Grasemann, H.; Scott, J.A.
Functionally Important Role for Arginase 1 in the Airways Hyperresponsiveness of Asthma
Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell Mol. Physiol.
296
L911-L920
2009
Homo sapiens, Homo sapiens (P05089), Mus musculus, Mus musculus (Q61176)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Garcia, D.; Uribe, E.; Lobos, M.; Orellana, M.S.; Carvajal, N.
Studies on the functional significance of a C-terminal S-shaped motif in human arginase type I: essentiality for cooperative effects
Arch. Biochem. Biophys.
481
16-20
2009
Homo sapiens (P05089), Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Chrzanowska, A.; Krawczyk, M.; Baranczyk-Kuzma, A.
Changes in arginase isoenzymes pattern in human hepatocellular carcinoma
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.
377
337-340
2008
Bos taurus, Homo sapiens (P05089), Homo sapiens (P78540), Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Shishova, E.Y.; Di Costanzo, L.; Emig, F.A.; Ash, D.E.; Christianson, D.W.
Probing the specificity determinants of amino acid recognition by arginase
Biochemistry
48
121-131
2009
Homo sapiens, Rattus norvegicus (P07824)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Tsui, S.M.; Lam, W.M.; Lam, T.L.; Chong, H.C.; So, P.K.; Kwok, S.Y.; Arnold, S.; Cheng, P.N.; Wheatley, D.N.; Lo, W.H.; Leung, Y.C.
Pegylated derivatives of recombinant human arginase (rhArg1) for sustained in vivo activity in cancer therapy: preparation, characterization and analysis of their pharmacodynamics in vivo and in vitro and action upon hepatocellular carcinoma cell (HCC)
Cancer Cell Int.
9
9
2009
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Lam, T.L.; Wong, G.K.; Chong, H.C.; Cheng, P.N.; Choi, S.C.; Chow, T.L.; Kwok, S.Y.; Poon, R.T.; Wheatley, D.N.; Lo, W.H.; Leung, Y.C.
Recombinant human arginase inhibits proliferation of human hepatocellular carcinoma by inducing cell cycle arrest
Cancer Lett.
277
91-100
2009
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Dowling, D.P.; Di Costanzo, L.; Gennadios, H.A.; Christianson, D.W.
Evolution of the arginase fold and functional diversity
Cell. Mol. Life Sci.
65
2039-2055
2008
Homo sapiens (P05089), Homo sapiens (P78540), Rattus norvegicus (P07824)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Shukla, V.K.; Tandon, A.; Ratha, B.K.; Sharma, D.; Singh, T.B.; Basu, S.
Arginase activity in carcinoma of the gallbladder: a pilot study
Eur. J. Cancer Prev.
18
199-202
2009
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Oberlies, J.; Watzl, C.; Giese, T.; Luckner, C.; Kropf, P.; Mueller, I.; Ho, A.D.; Munder, M.
Regulation of NK cell function by human granulocyte arginase
J. Immunol.
182
5259-5267
2009
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Chrzanowska, A.; Gajewska, B.; Baranczyk-Kuzma, A.
Arginase isoenzymes in human cirrhotic liver
Acta Biochim. Pol.
56
465-469
2009
Homo sapiens (P78540), Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Di Costanzo, L.; Ilies, M.; Thorn, K.J.; Christianson, D.W.
Inhibition of human arginase I by substrate and product analogues
Arch. Biochem. Biophys.
496
101-108
2010
Homo sapiens (P05089), Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Ilies, M.; Di Costanzo, L.; North, M.L.; Scott, J.A.; Christianson, D.W.
2-aminoimidazole amino acids as inhibitors of the binuclear manganese metalloenzyme human arginase I
J. Med. Chem.
53
4266-4276
2010
Mus musculus, Homo sapiens (P05089), Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Gannon, P.O.; Godin-Ethier, J.; Hassler, M.; Delvoye, N.; Aversa, M.; Poisson, A.O.; Peant, B.; Alam Fahmy, M.; Saad, F.; Lapointe, R.; Mes-Masson, A.M.
Androgen-regulated expression of arginase 1, arginase 2 and interleukin-8 in human prostate cancer
PLoS ONE
5
e12107
2010
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Stone, E.M.; Chantranupong, L.; Georgiou, G.
The second-shell metal ligands of human arginase affect coordination of the nucleophile and substrate
Biochemistry
49
10582-10588
2010
Homo sapiens (P05089), Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Zakalskiy, A.E.; Zakalska, O.M.; Rzhepetskyy, Y.A.; Potocka, N.; Stasyk, O.V.; Horak, D.; Gonchar, M.V.
Overexpression of (His)6-tagged human arginase I in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and enzyme purification using metal affinity chromatography
Protein Expr. Purif.
81
63-68
2012
Homo sapiens (P05089), Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Glazer, E.S.; Stone, E.M.; Zhu, C.; Massey, K.L.; Hamir, A.N.; Curley, S.A.
Bioengineered human arginase I with enhanced activity and stability controls hepatocellular and pancreatic carcinoma xenografts
Transl. Oncol.
4
138-146
2011
Homo sapiens (P05089), Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Golebiowski, A.; Paul Beckett, R.; Van Zandt, M.; Ji, M.K.; Whitehouse, D.; Ryder, T.R.; Jagdmann, E.; Andreoli, M.; Mazur, A.; Padmanilayam, M.; Cousido-Siah, A.; Mitschler, A.; Ruiz, F.X.; Podjarny, A.; Schroeter, H.
2-Substituted-2-amino-6-boronohexanoic acids as arginase inhibitors
Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.
23
2027-2030
2013
Homo sapiens (P78540), Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Moon, J.; Do, H.J.; Cho, Y.; Shin, M.J.
Arginase inhibition ameliorates hepatic metabolic abnormalities in obese mice
PLoS ONE
9
e103048
2014
Homo sapiens, Mus musculus
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Tommasi, S.; Elliot, D.J.; Da Boit, M.; Gray, S.R.; Lewis, B.C.; Mangoni, A.A.
Homoarginine and inhibition of human arginase activity kinetic characterization and biological relevance
Sci. Rep.
8
3697
2018
Homo sapiens (P05089), Homo sapiens (P78540), Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team