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Synonyms
kallikrein, prekallikrein, plasma kallikrein, urinary kallikrein, kininogenase, plasma prekallikrein, plasma pk, pancreatic kallikrein, klk13, klkb1,
more
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D-Phe-Phe-Arg-4-methylcoumarin 7-amide
D-Phe-Phe-Arg + 7-amino-4-methylcoumarin
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factor X + H2O
factor XIIa + ?
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?
factor XII + H2O
?
activation of the factor XII, bound to negatively charged surfaces
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?, ir
factor XII + H2O
activated factor XII
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?
factor XII + H2O
activated factor XII + ?
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high molecular weight kininogen + H2O
bradykinin + fragments of kininogen
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?
high-molecular-weight kininogen + H2O
bradykinin + fragments of kininogen
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?
kininogen + H2O
bradykinin + fragments of kininogen
plasminogen + H2O
plasmin + ?
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?
additional information
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kininogen + H2O
bradykinin + fragments of kininogen
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?
kininogen + H2O
bradykinin + fragments of kininogen
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?
kininogen + H2O
bradykinin + fragments of kininogen
high-molecular weight kininogen
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ir
kininogen + H2O
bradykinin + fragments of kininogen
human high-molecular weight kininogen
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?
Prorenin + H2O
Renin + ?
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?
Prorenin + H2O
Renin + ?
activation of prorenin
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ir
Prorenin + H2O
Renin + ?
activation of prorenin, involved in the renin-angiotensin system
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ir
additional information
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belongs to the peptidase family S1, plasma kallikrein subfamily
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additional information
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active plasma kallikrein localizes to mast cells and regulates epithelial cell apoptosis, adipocyte differentiation and stromal remodeling during mammary gland involution
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factor X + H2O
factor XIIa + ?
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-
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?
factor XII + H2O
?
activation of the factor XII, bound to negatively charged surfaces
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ir
factor XII + H2O
activated factor XII
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?
factor XII + H2O
activated factor XII + ?
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?
high molecular weight kininogen + H2O
bradykinin + fragments of kininogen
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?
high-molecular-weight kininogen + H2O
bradykinin + fragments of kininogen
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?
kininogen + H2O
bradykinin + fragments of kininogen
plasminogen + H2O
plasmin + ?
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?
additional information
?
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active plasma kallikrein localizes to mast cells and regulates epithelial cell apoptosis, adipocyte differentiation and stromal remodeling during mammary gland involution
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?
kininogen + H2O
bradykinin + fragments of kininogen
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?
kininogen + H2O
bradykinin + fragments of kininogen
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?
kininogen + H2O
bradykinin + fragments of kininogen
high-molecular weight kininogen
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ir
Prorenin + H2O
Renin + ?
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?
Prorenin + H2O
Renin + ?
activation of prorenin, involved in the renin-angiotensin system
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ir
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malfunction
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C1-inhibitor deficiency can lead to uncontrolled enzyme activity, which is a clinically significant cause of hereditary angioedema
malfunction
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enzyme deficiency has minor effect on the haemostatic capacity of gene-deficient mice
malfunction
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prekallikrein-deficient mice are protected from increased BK-driven vascular leakage in retinal vessels, ferric chloride-triggered arterial thrombosis, and hypotension in anaphylaxis models. Prekallikrein-deficient mice have defective ex vivo plasma clotting that leads to a prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time. Chronic plasma kallikrein deficiency induces vascular alterations that cannot be reverted by short-term normalizing plasma kallikrein levels and provides a thromboprotective activity in addition to reduced contact activation
malfunction
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enzyme deficiency leads to decreased immune cell trafficking in the course of neuroinflammation
malfunction
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plasma prekallikrein-deficient mice have reduced thrombosis risk and plasma kallikrein inhibition is associated with reduced experimental gastroenterocolitis and arthritis in rodents
physiological function
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diabetes is associated with increased intrinsic pathway activity, which is mediated in part by plasma kallikrein (PK). PK-mediated activation of the plasminogen cascade is implicated in adipocyte differentiation and adipogenesis during mammary gland involution via activation of plasmin-mediated cleavage of preadipocyte stromal matrix
physiological function
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plasma kallikrein regulates tissue factor expression that is mediated by the kallikrein-kinin and renin-angiotensin systems independently of factor XII contact activation
physiological function
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the enzyme drives procoagulant and proinflammatory reactions via the intrinsic pathway of coagulation and the kallikrein-kinin system, respectively
physiological function
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plasma prekallikrein has a critical role in acute attacks of hereditary angioedema. High prekallikrein is associated with accelerated vascular disease in diabetes and polymorphisms of prekallikrein that reduce high-molecular-weight kininogen binding are associated with protection from cardiovascular events
physiological function
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the enzyme modulates endothelial cell function in a protease-activated receptor-2-dependent manner, leading to an up-regulation of the cellular adhesion molecules intercellular adhesion molecule 1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1, thereby amplifying leukocyte trafficking. The enzyme is an important direct regulator of blood-brain barrier integrity
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Seidah, N.G.; Sawyer, N.; Hamelin, J.; Mion, P.; Beaubien, G.; Brachpapa, L.; Rochemont, J.; Mbikay, M.; Chretien, M.
Mouse plasma kallikrein: cDNA structure, enzyme characterization, and comparison of protein and mRNA levels among species
DNA Cell Biol.
9
737-748
1990
Mus musculus
brenda
Boeckmann, B.; Bairoch, A.; Apweiler, R.; Blatter, M.C.; Estreicher, A.; Gasteiger, E.; Martin M.J.; Michoud, K.; O'Donovan, C.; Phan, I.; Pilbout, S.; Schneider, M.
The SWISS-PROT protein knowledgebase and its supplement TrEMBL
Nucleic Acids Res.
31
365-370
2003
Homo sapiens (P03952), Mus musculus (P26262), Rattus norvegicus (P14272)
brenda
Storini, C.; Bergamaschini, L.; Gesuete, R.; Rossi, E.; Maiocchi, D.; De Simoni, M.G.
Selective inhibition of plasma kallikrein protects brain from reperfusion injury
J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.
318
849-854
2006
Mus musculus
brenda
Lilla, J.N.; Joshi, R.V.; Craik, C.S.; Werb, Z.
Active plasma kallikrein localizes to mast cells and regulates epithelial cell apoptosis, adipocyte differentiation and stromal remodeling during mammary gland involution
J. Biol. Chem.
284
13792-13803
2009
Mus musculus
brenda
Renne, T.
The vascular side of plasma kallikrein
Blood
125
589-590
2015
Mus musculus
brenda
Kenniston, J.; Faucette, R.; Martik, D.; Comeau, S.; Lindberg, A.; Kopacz, K.; Conley, G.; Chen, J.; Viswanathan, M.; Kastrapeli, N.; Cosic, J.; Mason, S.; DiLeo, M.; Abendroth, J.; Kuzmic, P.; Ladner, R.; Edwards, T.; TenHoor, C.; Adelman, B.; Nixon, A.;
Inhibition of plasma kallikrein by a highly specific active site blocking antibody
J. Biol. Chem.
289
23596-23608
2014
Macaca fascicularis, Mus musculus, Rattus norvegicus, Homo sapiens (P03952), Homo sapiens
brenda
Renne, T.; Gruber, A.
Plasma kallikrein: Novel functions for an old protease
Thromb. Haemost.
107
1012-1013
2012
Mus musculus
brenda
Feener, E.P.; Zhou, Q.; Fickweiler, W.
Role of plasma kallikrein in diabetes and metabolism
Thromb. Haemost.
110
434-441
2013
Mus musculus
brenda
Xu, M.; Chen, Y.; Xu, P.; Andreasen, P.A.; Jiang, L.; Li, J.; Huang, M.
Crystal structure of plasma kallikrein reveals the unusual flexibility of the S1 pocket triggered by Glu217
FEBS Lett.
592
2658-2667
2018
Mus musculus (P26262), Mus musculus
brenda
Schmaier, A.H.
Plasma prekallikrein its role in hereditary angioedema and health and disease
Front. Med.
5
3-3
2018
Homo sapiens, Mus musculus
brenda
Goebel, K.; Asaridou, C.M.; Merker, M.; Eichler, S.; Herrmann, A.M.; Geuss, E.; Ruck, T.; Schuengel, L.; Groeneweg, L.; Narayanan, V.; Schneider-Hohendorf, T.; Gross, C.C.; Wiendl, H.; Kehrel, B.E.; Kleinschnitz, C.; Meuth, S.G.
Plasma kallikrein modulates immune cell trafficking during neuroinflammation via PAR2 and bradykinin release
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
116
271-276
2019
Homo sapiens, Mus musculus
brenda