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4-methylumbelliferyl-beta-D-glucuronide + H2O
4-methylumbelliferol + D-glucuronate
-
-
-
?
4-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucuronide + H2O
4-nitrophenol + beta-D-glucuronic acid
4-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucuronide + H2O
4-nitrophenol + D-glucuronate
4-phenolphthaleinyl beta-D-glucuronide + H2O
4-phenolphthalein + beta-D-glucuronic acid
-
-
-
-
?
5,6,7-trihydroxyflavone-7-beta-D-glucuronide + H2O
5,6,7-trihydroxyflavone + D-glucuronate
-
-
-
-
?
5,6,7-trihydroxyflavone-7-O-beta-D-glucuronate + H2O
5,6,7-trihydroxyflavone + D-glucuronate
5,7-dihydroxy-6-methoxyflavone-7-O-beta-D-glucuronate + H2O
5,7-dihydroxy-6-methoxyflavone + D-glucuronate
5,7-dihydroxy-8-methoxyflavone-7-O-beta-D-glucuronate + H2O
5,7-dihydroxy-8-methoxyflavone + D-glucuronate
baicalin + H2O
baicalein + beta-D-glucuronic acid
baicalin + H2O
baicalein + D-glucuronate
estrone 3-(beta-D-glucuronide) + H2O
estrone + D-glucuronate
wogonoside + H2O
?
-
-
-
-
?
wogonoside + H2O
wogonin + ?
0.125 mM of wogonoside is completely transformed into wogonin within 3 h at 37°C, pH 5.0
-
-
?
wogonoside + H2O
wogonin + D-glucuronate
-
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
4-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucuronide + H2O
4-nitrophenol + beta-D-glucuronic acid
-
-
-
?
4-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucuronide + H2O
4-nitrophenol + beta-D-glucuronic acid
-
-
-
-
?
4-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucuronide + H2O
4-nitrophenol + D-glucuronate
-
-
-
-
?
4-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucuronide + H2O
4-nitrophenol + D-glucuronate
-
-
-
-
?
5,6,7-trihydroxyflavone-7-O-beta-D-glucuronate + H2O
5,6,7-trihydroxyflavone + D-glucuronate
-
i.e. baicalin
i.e. baicalein
-
?
5,6,7-trihydroxyflavone-7-O-beta-D-glucuronate + H2O
5,6,7-trihydroxyflavone + D-glucuronate
i.e. baicalin. The enzyme shows more than 20fold higher activity for baicalein 7-O-beta-D-glucuronide as compared with luteolin 3'-O-beta-D-glucuronide
i.e. baicalein
-
?
5,6,7-trihydroxyflavone-7-O-beta-D-glucuronate + H2O
5,6,7-trihydroxyflavone + D-glucuronate
-
i.e. baicalin
i.e. baicalein
-
?
5,6,7-trihydroxyflavone-7-O-beta-D-glucuronate + H2O
5,6,7-trihydroxyflavone + D-glucuronate
-
i.e. baicalin
i.e. baicalein
-
?
5,6,7-trihydroxyflavone-7-O-beta-D-glucuronate + H2O
5,6,7-trihydroxyflavone + D-glucuronate
-
i.e. baicalin. No activity with p-nitrophenyl-beta-D-glucoside. Activity with p-nitrophenyl-beta-D-glucuronide is about 4% of the activity with 5,6-dihydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-7-yl beta-D-glucopyranosiduronic acid (baicalin), activity with p-phenolphthalein-beta-D-glucuronide is 9.5% of the activity with 5,6-dihydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-7-yl beta-D-glucopyranosiduronic acid (baicalin)
i.e. baicalein
-
?
5,6,7-trihydroxyflavone-7-O-beta-D-glucuronate + H2O
5,6,7-trihydroxyflavone + D-glucuronate
-
i.e. baicalin. No activity with p-nitrophenyl-beta-D-glucoside. Activity with p-nitrophenyl-beta-D-glucuronide is about 4% of the activity with 5,6-dihydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-7-yl beta-D-glucopyranosiduronic acid (baicalin), activity with p-phenolphthalein-beta-D-glucuronide is 9.5% of the activity with 5,6-dihydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-7-yl beta-D-glucopyranosiduronic acid (baicalin)
i.e. baicalein
-
?
5,7-dihydroxy-6-methoxyflavone-7-O-beta-D-glucuronate + H2O
5,7-dihydroxy-6-methoxyflavone + D-glucuronate
-
i.e. oroxylin 7-O-beta-D-glucuronide, i.e. 5-hydroxy-6-methoxy-4-oxo-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-7-yl beta-D-glucopyranosiduronic acid
-
-
?
5,7-dihydroxy-6-methoxyflavone-7-O-beta-D-glucuronate + H2O
5,7-dihydroxy-6-methoxyflavone + D-glucuronate
-
i.e. oroxylin 7-O-beta-D-glucuronide, i.e. 5-hydroxy-6-methoxy-4-oxo-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-7-yl beta-D-glucopyranosiduronic acid
-
-
?
5,7-dihydroxy-8-methoxyflavone-7-O-beta-D-glucuronate + H2O
5,7-dihydroxy-8-methoxyflavone + D-glucuronate
-
i.e. wogonin 7-O-beta-D-glucuronide, i.e. 5-hydroxy-8-methoxy-4-oxo-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-7-yl beta-D-glucopyranosiduronic acid
-
-
?
5,7-dihydroxy-8-methoxyflavone-7-O-beta-D-glucuronate + H2O
5,7-dihydroxy-8-methoxyflavone + D-glucuronate
-
i.e. wogonin 7-O-beta-D-glucuronide, i.e. 5-hydroxy-8-methoxy-4-oxo-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-7-yl beta-D-glucopyranosiduronic acid
-
-
?
5,7-dihydroxy-8-methoxyflavone-7-O-beta-D-glucuronate + H2O
5,7-dihydroxy-8-methoxyflavone + D-glucuronate
-
i.e. wogonin 7-O-beta-D-glucuronide, i.e. 5-hydroxy-8-methoxy-4-oxo-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-7-yl beta-D-glucopyranosiduronic acid
-
-
?
5,7-dihydroxy-8-methoxyflavone-7-O-beta-D-glucuronate + H2O
5,7-dihydroxy-8-methoxyflavone + D-glucuronate
-
i.e. wogonin 7-O-beta-D-glucuronide
-
-
?
5,7-dihydroxy-8-methoxyflavone-7-O-beta-D-glucuronate + H2O
5,7-dihydroxy-8-methoxyflavone + D-glucuronate
-
i.e. wogonin 7-O-beta-D-glucuronide
-
-
?
baicalin + H2O
baicalein + beta-D-glucuronic acid
-
-
-
-
?
baicalin + H2O
baicalein + beta-D-glucuronic acid
-
best substrate
-
-
?
baicalin + H2O
baicalein + D-glucuronate
-
-
-
-
?
baicalin + H2O
baicalein + D-glucuronate
-
-
-
-
?
baicalin + H2O
baicalein + D-glucuronate
-
baicalein 7-O-beta-D-glucuronide
-
-
?
baicalin + H2O
baicalein + D-glucuronate
0.15 mM of baicalin is completely transformed into baicalein within 3 h at 37°C, pH 5.0
-
-
?
baicalin + H2O
baicalein + D-glucuronate
-
the enzyme prefers baicalin rather than estrone 3-(beta-D-glucuronide), one of the human endogenous steroid hormones
-
-
?
baicalin + H2O
baicalein + D-glucuronate
-
the enzyme is strictly glycon-specific but not aglycon-specific
-
-
?
baicalin + H2O
baicalein + D-glucuronate
-
the enzyme prefers baicalin rather than estrone 3-(beta-D-glucuronide), one of the human endogenous steroid hormones
-
-
?
baicalin + H2O
baicalein + D-glucuronate
-
the enzyme is strictly glycon-specific but not aglycon-specific
-
-
?
baicalin + H2O
baicalein + D-glucuronate
-
-
-
-
?
baicalin + H2O
baicalein + D-glucuronate
-
-
-
?
estrone 3-(beta-D-glucuronide) + H2O
estrone + D-glucuronate
-
-
-
-
?
estrone 3-(beta-D-glucuronide) + H2O
estrone + D-glucuronate
-
-
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
development of a chemically defined medium-based baicalein bioproduction process with a comparable yield compared to complex medium-based ones, detailed overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
substrate specificity, the enzyme is inactive with other 4-nitrophenyl glycosides, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
substrate specificity, the enzyme is inactive with other 4-nitrophenyl glycosides, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
no activity with 5,6-dihydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-7-yl beta-D-glucoside, 4-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucuronide and luteolin 3'-O-beta-D-glucuronide
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme is not able to cleave the bond between the two glucuronic acid moieties in glycyrrhizin (glycyrrhetic acid 3-O-D-diglucuronide), the enzyme is not capable of hydrolyzing glucosides, luteolin-7-glucoside and apigenin-7-O-glucoside
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
domination of the glucuronide wogonoside is a characteristic feature of the hairy roots culture, while glucuronide baicalin is predominant in intact plant roots and also in the hairy roots. Alteration in contents of the main flavones in hairy roots culture of the Baikal skullcap during culturing, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme is not able to cleave the bond between the two glucuronic acid moieties in glycyrrhizin (glycyrrhetic acid 3-O-D-diglucuronide), the enzyme is not capable of hydrolyzing glucosides, luteolin-7-glucoside and apigenin-7-O-glucoside
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
no activity with 5,6-dihydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-7-yl beta-D-glucoside, 4-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucuronide and luteolin 3'-O-beta-D-glucuronide
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
no activity with 4-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucoside
-
-
?
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Adenocarcinoma
Alteration in glycosidases from well-differentiated colorectal adenocarcinoma of rat.
Asbestosis
Serum lysosomal enzyme activities in silicosis and asbestosis.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular
Serum and host liver activities of glycosidases and sialyltransferases in animals bearing transplantable tumors.
Hydatidiform Mole
beta-Glucuronidase and oestrogens in hydatidiform mole.
Hydatidiform Mole
Studies of beta-glucuronidase in first-trimester placenta, term placenta and hydatidiform mole.
Hypertension
A lack of coordination in the release of urinary lysosomal and brush border enzymes following renovascular surgery.
Liver Cirrhosis
Changes in the catalytic activities of proteoglycan-degrading lysosomal enzymes in parenchymal and non-parenchymal liver cells and in serum during the development of experimental liver fibrosis.
Marfan Syndrome
Reduced activity of serum beta-glucuronidase in Marfan syndrome.
Mastitis
Optimizing the fluorometric ?-glucuronidase assay in ruminant milk for a more precise determination of mastitis.
Mucopolysaccharidoses
Large scale analysis of the mutational landscape in ?-glucuronidase: A major player of mucopolysaccharidosis type VII.
Mucopolysaccharidosis VII
Correction of murine mucopolysaccharidosis VII by a human beta-glucuronidase transgene.
Mucopolysaccharidosis VII
Large scale analysis of the mutational landscape in ?-glucuronidase: A major player of mucopolysaccharidosis type VII.
Mucopolysaccharidosis VII
Mutations and polymorphisms in GUSB gene in mucopolysaccharidosis VII (Sly Syndrome).
Silicosis
Serum beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase and beta-glucuronidase activities in silicosis patients and in workers exposed to silica dust.
Silicosis
Serum lysosomal enzyme activities in silicosis and asbestosis.
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0.154 - 0.156
4-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucuronide
0.0097 - 0.038
5,6,7-trihydroxyflavone 7-O-beta-D-glucoronate
0.19 - 0.36
5,6,7-trihydroxyflavone-7-beta-D-glucuronide
0.0391
5,7-dihydroxy-6-methoxyflavone-7-O-beta-D-glucuronate
-
pH 6.5, 28°C
0.0307
5,7-dihydroxy-8-methoxyflavone-7-O-beta-D-glucuronate
-
pH 6.5, 28°C
2.02
wogonoside
-
recombinant His-tagged enzyme, pH 5.0, 37°C
0.154
4-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucuronide
-
native enzyme, pH 5.0, 37°C
0.156
4-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucuronide
-
recombinant His-tagged enzyme, pH 5.0, 37°C
0.0097
5,6,7-trihydroxyflavone 7-O-beta-D-glucoronate
pH 6.5, 28°C, mutant enzyme E329A
0.0098
5,6,7-trihydroxyflavone 7-O-beta-D-glucoronate
-
pH 6.5, 28°C
0.0103
5,6,7-trihydroxyflavone 7-O-beta-D-glucoronate
pH 6.5, 28°C, mutant enzyme E212A
0.0121
5,6,7-trihydroxyflavone 7-O-beta-D-glucoronate
pH 6.5, 28°C, wild-type enzyme
0.027
5,6,7-trihydroxyflavone 7-O-beta-D-glucoronate
pH 6.5, 28°C, mutant enzyme Y281A
0.038
5,6,7-trihydroxyflavone 7-O-beta-D-glucoronate
-
-
0.19
5,6,7-trihydroxyflavone-7-beta-D-glucuronide
-
free enzyme, at pH 7.0 and 37°C
0.36
5,6,7-trihydroxyflavone-7-beta-D-glucuronide
-
calcium alginate-encapsulated enzyme, at pH 7.0 and 37°C
1.5 - 2
Baicalin
-
native enzyme, pH 5.0, 37°C
1.74
Baicalin
-
recombinant His-tagged enzyme, pH 5.0, 37°C
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204 - 348
4-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucuronide
4.2 - 52810
5,6,7-trihydroxyflavone 7-O-beta-D-glucoronate
2.58
estrone 3-(beta-D-glucuronide)
-
recombinant His-tagged enzyme, pH 5.0, 37°C
3.15
wogonoside
-
recombinant His-tagged enzyme, pH 5.0, 37°C
204
4-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucuronide
-
recombinant His-tagged enzyme, pH 5.0, 37°C
348
4-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucuronide
-
native enzyme, pH 5.0, 37°C
4.2
5,6,7-trihydroxyflavone 7-O-beta-D-glucoronate
pH 6.5, 28°C, mutant enzyme E329A
13.1
5,6,7-trihydroxyflavone 7-O-beta-D-glucoronate
pH 6.5, 28°C, mutant enzyme E212A
28.5
5,6,7-trihydroxyflavone 7-O-beta-D-glucoronate
pH 6.5, 28°C, mutant enzyme Y281A
52810
5,6,7-trihydroxyflavone 7-O-beta-D-glucoronate
pH 6.5, 28°C, wild-type enzyme
10.6
Baicalin
-
recombinant His-tagged enzyme, pH 5.0, 37°C
14
Baicalin
-
native enzyme, pH 5.0, 37°C
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-20°C, 10 mM NaH2PO4/Na2HPO4 buffer, 1 mM mercaptoethanol, pH 7.0, 50% glycerol, 2 months, 10-20% loss of activity
-
4°C, 10 mM NaH2PO4/Na2HPO4 buffer, 1 mM mercaptoethanol, pH 7.0, 50% glycerol, 2 weeks, complete loss of activity
-
4°C, 30 mM Tris-HCl pH 7.0, 11 days, 26% loss of activity
-
4°C, 30 mM Tris-HCl pH 7.0, 5 days, 19% loss of activity
-
4°C, free enzyme in 30 mM TrisHCl (pH 7.0), 11 days, about 25% loss of activity
-
4°C, free enzyme in 30 mM TrisHCl (pH 7.0), 26 days, 96% loss of activity
-
4°C, free enzyme in 30 mM TrisHCl (pH 7.0), 5 days, about 20% loss of activity
-
4°C, GUS encapsulated in biomimetic alginate/protamine/silica capsules in 30 mM TrisHCl (pH 7.0), 11 days, no loss of activity
-
4°C, GUS encapsulated in biomimetic alginate/protamine/silica capsules in 30 mM TrisHCl (pH 7.0), 26 days, 10% loss of activity
-
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Ikegami, F.; Matsunae, K.; Hisamitsu, M.; Kurihara, T.; Yamamoto, T.; Murakoshi, I.
Purification and properties of a plant beta-D-glucuronidase from Scutellaria root
Biol. Pharm. Bull.
18
1531-1534
1995
Scutellaria baicalensis, Scutellaria baicalensis Georg
brenda
Sasaki, K.; Taura, F.; Shoyama, Y.; Morimoto, S.
Molecular characterization of a vovel beta-glucuronidase from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi
J. Biol. Chem.
275
27466-27472
2000
Scutellaria baicalensis (Q9LRC8)
brenda
Morimoto, S.; Harioka, T.; Shoyama, Y.
Purification and characterization of flavone-specific beta-glucuronidase from callus cultures of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi
Planta
195
535-540
1995
Scutellaria baicalensis, Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi
-
brenda
Zhang, C.; Zhang, Y.; Chen, J.; Liang, X.
Purification and characterization of baicalin-b-D-glucuronidase hydrolyzing baicalin to baicalein from fresh roots of Scutellaria viscidula Bge
Process Biochem.
40
1911-1915
2005
Scutellaria viscidula
-
brenda
Zhang, C.; Zhang, Y.; Chen, J.; Liang, X.
Purification and characterization of baicalin-beta-D-glucuronidase hydrolyzing baicalin to baicalein from fresh roots of Scutellaria viscidula Bge
Proc. Biochem.
40
1911-1915
2005
Scutellaria viscidula, Scutellaria viscidula Bge
-
brenda
Kim, H.S.; Kim, J.Y.; Park, M.S.; Zheng, H.; Ji, G.E.
Cloning and expression of beta-glucuronidase from Lactobacillus brevis in E. coli and application in the bioconversion of baicalin and wogonoside
J. Microbiol. Biotechnol.
19
1650-1655
2009
Levilactobacillus brevis (D2DMF3)
brenda
Zhang, Y.; Wu, H.; Li, L.; Li, J.; Jiang, Z.; Jiang, Y.; Chen, Y.
Enzymatic conversion of baicalin into baicalein by beta-glucuronidase encapsulated in biomimetic core-shell structured hybrid capsules
J. Mol. Catal. B
57
130-135
2009
Escherichia coli
-
brenda
Jiang, Z.; Zhang, Y.; Li, J.; Jiang, W.; Yang, D.; Wu, H.
Encapsulation of beta-glucuronidase in biomimetic alginate capsules for bioconversion of baicalin to baicalein
Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.
46
1883-1890
2007
Escherichia coli
-
brenda
Sakurama, H.; Kishino, S.; Uchibori, Y.; Yonejima, Y.; Ashida, H.; Kita, K.; Takahashi, S.; Ogawa, J.
beta-Glucuronidase from Lactobacillus brevis useful for baicalin hydrolysis belongs to glycoside hydrolase family 30
Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol.
98
4021-4032
2014
Levilactobacillus brevis, Levilactobacillus brevis FERM BP-4693
brenda
Shi, L.; Hao, Z.; Zhang, S.; Wei, M.; Lu, B.; Wang, Z.; Ji, L.
Baicalein and baicalin alleviate acetaminophen-induced liver injury by activating Nrf2 antioxidative pathway The involvement of ERK1/2 and PKC
Biochem. Pharmacol.
150
9-23
2018
Mus musculus
brenda
Muderrisoglu, C.; Yesil-Celiktas, O.
High-yield biocatalysis of baicalein 7-O-beta-D-glucuronide to baicalein using soluble Helix pomatia-derived beta-glucuronidase in a chemically defined acidic Medium
Catal. Lett.
149
1701-1709
2019
Helix pomatia
-
brenda
Dikaya, V.S.; Solovyeva, A.I.; Sidorov, R.A.; Solovyev, P.A.; Stepanova, A.Y.
The relationship between endogenous beta-glucuronidase activity and biologically active flavones-aglycone contents in hairy roots of Baikal skullcap
Chem. Biodivers.
15
e1700409
2018
Scutellaria baicalensis (Q9LRC8)
brenda