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Information on EC 3.1.4.4 - phospholipase D and Organism(s) Oryza sativa
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3.1.4.4 phospholipase DIUBMB Comments
Also acts on other phosphatidyl esters.
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Word Map
- 3.1.4.4
-
phosphatidic
- diacylglycerol
- pkc
-
liposomal
- doxorubicin
- agonist
-
pegylated
-
phorbol
- phospholipases
-
transphosphatidylation
- 12-myristate
-
adp-ribosylation
- 13-acetate
- pertussis
-
phosphohydrolase
-
arachidonic
- propranolol
- phosphoinositide
-
gtp-binding
- fmlp
-
prelabeled
- anandamide
- rhoa
- 1-butanol
-
endocannabinoids
- staurosporine
-
lysophosphatidic
- pc-plc
-
phosphatidylcholine-specific
-
latissimus
- diglyceride
- pkcalpha
-
phosphatidylinositol-specific
- pseudotuberculosis
- 1,2-diacylglycerol
- arf6
- cannabinoids
-
fmet-leu-phe
-
listening
-
fmlp-stimulated
-
platinum-resistant
- analysis
-
phosphoinositide-specific
- gtpgammas
- synthesis
-
3hcholine
-
hand-foot
-
platinum-sensitive
-
fmlp-induced
- lymphadenitis
- medicine
-
ptdins4,5p2
- molecular biology
- 5-kinase
- agriculture
- biotechnology
The taxonomic range for the selected organisms is: Oryza sativa
The enzyme appears in selected viruses and cellular organisms
The enzyme appears in selected viruses and cellular organisms
Synonyms
pld, phospholipase d, nape-pld, phospholipase d1, dermonecrotic toxin, phospholipase d2, pc-pld, pldalpha, rpld1, spo14, 
more
topSYNONYM 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
AtPLDalpha1
-
-
-
-
AtPLDalpha2
-
-
-
-
AtPLDbeta1
-
-
-
-
AtPLDbeta2
-
-
-
-
AtPLDdelta
-
-
-
-
AtPLDepsilon
-
-
-
-
AtPLDgamma1
-
-
-
-
AtPLDgamma2
-
-
-
-
AtPLDgamma3
-
-
-
-
AtPLDp1
-
-
-
-
AtPLDp2
-
-
-
-
AtPLDzeta
-
-
-
-
choline phosphatase
-
-
-
-
hPLD1
-
-
-
-
hPLD2
-
-
-
-
lecithinase D
-
-
-
-
lipophosphodiesterase II
-
-
-
-
Meiosis-specific sporulation protein SPO14
-
-
-
-
mPLD1
-
-
-
-
mPLD2
-
-
-
-
Phosphatidylcholine-hydrolyzing phospholipase D1
-
-
-
-
Phosphatidylcholine-hydrolyzing phospholipase D2
-
-
-
-
Phospholipase D1 PHOX and PX containing domain
-
-
-
-
Phospholipase D2 PHOX and PX containing domain
-
-
-
-
PLD
PLD delta
-
-
-
-
PLD epsilon
-
-
-
-
PLD zeta
-
-
-
-
PLD1C
-
-
-
-
PLDalpha
PLDalpha3
-
-
-
-
PLDbeta
-
-
-
-
PLDdelta1
-
-
-
-
PLDzeta1
-
-
-
-
PLDzeta2
-
-
-
-
rPLD1
-
-
-
-
rPLD2
-
-
-
-
PLD
-
-
-
-
PLDalpha
-
-
-
-
REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
hydrolysis of phosphoric ester
-
-
-
-
PATHWAY SOURCE
PATHWAYS
BRENDA
-
-, -, -
SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
phosphatidylcholine phosphatidohydrolase
Also acts on other phosphatidyl esters.
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY
9001-87-0
-
SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
(2R)-3-{[(2-aminoethoxy)(hydroxy)phosphoryl]oxy}-2-({12-[(7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazol-4-yl)amino]dodecanoyl}oxy)propyl tetradecanoate + H2O
ethanolamine + (2R)-2-({12-[(7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazol-4-yl)amino]dodecanoyl}oxy)-3-(phosphonooxy)propyl tetradecanoate
-
-
-
-
?
(7R)-4-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-7-({12-[(7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazol-4-yl)amino]dodecanoyl}oxy)-10-oxo-3,5,9-trioxa-4-phosphatricosan-1-aminium 4-oxide + H2O
choline + (2R)-2-({12-[(7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazol-4-yl)amino]dodecanoyl}oxy)-3-(phosphonooxy)propyl tetradecanoate
-
-
-
-
?
phospholipid + H2O
phosphatidic acid + alcohol
-
phosphoric ester hydrolysis
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
PLD is activated by H2O2. The activation by H2O2 enhances phytoalexin biosynthesis in rice cells
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
isoform PLDbeta1 stimulates abscisic acid signaling by activating SAP kinase, thus repressing GAmyb expression and inhibiting seed germination
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
isoform PLDbeta1 stimulates abscisic acid signaling by activating SAP kinase, thus repressing GAmyb expression and inhibiting seed germination
-
-
?
NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
phospholipid + H2O
phosphatidic acid + alcohol
-
phosphoric ester hydrolysis
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
PLD is activated by H2O2. The activation by H2O2 enhances phytoalexin biosynthesis in rice cells
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
isoform PLDbeta1 stimulates abscisic acid signaling by activating SAP kinase, thus repressing GAmyb expression and inhibiting seed germination
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
isoform PLDbeta1 stimulates abscisic acid signaling by activating SAP kinase, thus repressing GAmyb expression and inhibiting seed germination
-
-
?
METALS and IONS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
Ca2+
NaCl
-
when rice suspension-cultured cells are treated with 100 mM NaCl, PLDalpha activity in cell extracts show a transient activation with a threefold increase at 1 h. The amount of OsPLDalpha protein decreases slightly in the cytosolic fractions, whereas it increases significantly in the tonoplast after NaCl treatment. Knockdown of OsPLD-1 prevents the NaCl-induced increase in the transcript level of OsVHA-A, encodes TP H+-ATPase, and OSA2, encodes PM H+-ATPase, as well as OsNHX1, encodes TP Na+/H+ antiporter
ACTIVATING COMPOUND
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
abscisic acid
rapid induction of isoform PLDbeta1, enzyme stimulates abscisic acid signaling by activating SAP kinase, thus repressing GAmyb expression and inhibiting seed germination
KM VALUE [mM]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
ORGANISM
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
isoform PLDbeta1; identification of 17 phospholipase D genes including isoform SP-PLD harboring a signal peptide at the N-terminus. Most genes are differentially expressed in different tissues, are induced by hormones or stress conditions
SwissProt
subsp. japonica cv. Nipponbare, 17 PLD genes encoding isozymes, e.g. genes OsPLDalpha1, OsPLDalpha5, and OsPLDbeta1
-
-
SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
SOURCE
additional information
-
genes OsPLDalpha1, OsPLDalpha5, and OsPLDbeta1 are highly expressed in most tissues. Expression patterns of PLD genes in rice cell culture, and roots, leaf sheaths, leaf blades, and immature seeds under normal growth conditions
LOCALIZATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
GeneOntology No.
LITERATURE
SOURCE
GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
malfunction
metabolism
-
when rice suspension-cultured cells are treated with 100 mM NaCl, PLDalpha activity in cell extracts show a transient activation with a threefold increase at 1 h. The amount of OsPLDalpha protein decreases slightly in the cytosolic fractions, whereas it increases significantly in the tonoplast after NaCl treatment. Knockdown of OsPLD-1 prevents the NaCl-induced increase in the transcript level of OsVHA-A, encodes TP H+-ATPase, and OSA2, encodes PM H+-ATPase, as well as OsNHX1, encodes TP Na+/H+ antiporter
physiological function
-
OsPLDalpha is involved in salt tolerance in rice through the mediation of H+-ATPase activity and transcription
malfunction
-
suppression of PLDbeta1 enhances disease resistance against rice bacterial blight as well as rice blast
malfunction
-
knockdown of OsPLD-1 affects H+-ATPase- and Na+/H+ antiporter-related gene expression and inhibits salt-induced increase of H+-ATPase activity
UNIPROT
ENTRY NAME
ORGANISM
NO. OF AA
NO. OF TRANSM. HELICES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT[Da]
SOURCE
SEQUENCE
LOCALIZATION PREDICTION
The reliability class of the localization prediction ranges from 1 (very reliable) to 5 (not reliable).
The reliability class of the localization prediction ranges from 1 (very reliable) to 5 (not reliable). Q8SAG5_ORYSA
206
0
23753
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 3)
Q8SAG7_ORYSA
904
0
100864
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 3)
Q710M6_ORYSA
845
0
95805
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 4)
Q8SAG4_ORYSA
332
0
37940
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 2)
Q8SAG6_ORYSA
817
0
89965
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 2)
A0A345FZK9_ORYSA
744
0
84645
TrEMBL
Secretory Pathway (Reliability: 5)
MOLECULAR WEIGHT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
PROTEIN VARIANTS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
additional information
additional information
-
construction of OsPLDbeta1-knockdown plants, that show the accumulation of reactive oxygen species in the absence of pathogen infection, knockdown of OsPLDbeta1 results in the up-/down-regulation of more than 1400 genes, including the induction of defense-related genes such as pathogenesis-related protein genes and WRKY/ERF family transcription factor genes, leading to e.g. hypersensitive response-like cell death and phytoalexin production, or upregulation of defense-related genes and transcriptions factors, quantitative RT-PCR analysis, phenotype, overview
additional information
-
construction of OsPLDalpha1 knockdown cell by RNA interference methods
TEMPERATURE STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
4 - 37
PURIFICATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
17 PLD genes in rice, phylogenetic tree, overview. Analysis of expression patterns of PLD genes in rice cell culture, and roots, leaf sheaths, leaf blades, and immature seeds under normal growth conditions
-
REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Ueki, J.; Morioka, S.; Komari, T.; Kumashiro, T.
Purification and characterization of phospholipase D (PLD) from rice (Oryza sativa L.) and cloning of cDNA for PLD from rice and maize (Zea mays L.)
Plant Cell Physiol.
36
903-914
1995
Oryza sativa, Zea mays
Pappan, K.; Wang, X.
Molecular and biochemical properties and physiological roles of plant phospholipase D
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
1439
151-166
1999
Arabidopsis sp., Brassica oleracea, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Ricinus communis, Catharanthus roseus, Homo sapiens, Mus musculus, Oryza sativa, Spuriopimpinella brachycarpa, Rattus norvegicus, Zea mays, Vigna unguiculata (O04865), Nicotiana tabacum (P93400)
Yamaguchi, T.; Tanabe, S.; Minami, E.; Shibuya, N.
Activation of phospholipase D induced by hydrogen peroxide in suspension-cultured rice cells
Plant Cell Physiol.
45
1261-1270
2004
Oryza sativa
Li, G.; Lin, F.; Xue, H.W.
Genome-wide analysis of the phospholipase D family in Oryza sativa and functional characterization of PLD beta 1 in seed germination
Cell Res.
17
881-894
2007
Oryza sativa (Q710M6), Oryza sativa
Yamaguchi, T.; Kuroda, M.; Yamakawa, H.; Ashizawa, T.; Hirayae, K.; Kurimoto, L.; Shinya, T.; Shibuya, N.
Suppression of a phospholipase D gene, OsPLDbeta1, activates defense responses and increases disease resistance in rice
Plant Physiol.
150
308-319
2009
Oryza sativa
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