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Information on EC 3.1.4.4 - phospholipase D and Organism(s) Bos taurus
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3.1.4.4 phospholipase DIUBMB Comments
Also acts on other phosphatidyl esters.
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Word Map
- 3.1.4.4
-
phosphatidic
- diacylglycerol
- pkc
-
liposomal
- doxorubicin
- agonist
-
pegylated
-
phorbol
- phospholipases
-
transphosphatidylation
- 12-myristate
-
adp-ribosylation
- 13-acetate
- pertussis
-
phosphohydrolase
-
arachidonic
- propranolol
- phosphoinositide
-
gtp-binding
- fmlp
-
prelabeled
- anandamide
- rhoa
- 1-butanol
-
endocannabinoids
- staurosporine
-
lysophosphatidic
- pc-plc
-
phosphatidylcholine-specific
-
latissimus
- diglyceride
- pkcalpha
-
phosphatidylinositol-specific
- pseudotuberculosis
- 1,2-diacylglycerol
- arf6
- cannabinoids
-
fmet-leu-phe
-
listening
-
fmlp-stimulated
-
platinum-resistant
- analysis
-
phosphoinositide-specific
- gtpgammas
- synthesis
-
3hcholine
-
hand-foot
-
platinum-sensitive
-
fmlp-induced
- lymphadenitis
- medicine
-
ptdins4,5p2
- molecular biology
- 5-kinase
- agriculture
- biotechnology
The taxonomic range for the selected organisms is: Bos taurus
The enzyme appears in selected viruses and cellular organisms
The enzyme appears in selected viruses and cellular organisms
Synonyms
pld, phospholipase d, nape-pld, phospholipase d1, dermonecrotic toxin, phospholipase d2, pc-pld, pldalpha, rpld1, spo14, 
more
topSYNONYM 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
AtPLDalpha1
-
-
-
-
AtPLDalpha2
-
-
-
-
AtPLDbeta1
-
-
-
-
AtPLDbeta2
-
-
-
-
AtPLDdelta
-
-
-
-
AtPLDepsilon
-
-
-
-
AtPLDgamma1
-
-
-
-
AtPLDgamma2
-
-
-
-
AtPLDgamma3
-
-
-
-
AtPLDp1
-
-
-
-
AtPLDp2
-
-
-
-
AtPLDzeta
-
-
-
-
choline phosphatase
-
-
-
-
hPLD1
-
-
-
-
hPLD2
-
-
-
-
lecithinase D
-
-
-
-
lipophosphodiesterase II
-
-
-
-
Meiosis-specific sporulation protein SPO14
-
-
-
-
mPLD1
-
-
-
-
mPLD2
-
-
-
-
Phosphatidylcholine-hydrolyzing phospholipase D1
-
-
-
-
Phosphatidylcholine-hydrolyzing phospholipase D2
-
-
-
-
Phospholipase D1 PHOX and PX containing domain
-
-
-
-
Phospholipase D2 PHOX and PX containing domain
-
-
-
-
PLD
PLD delta
-
-
-
-
PLD epsilon
-
-
-
-
PLD zeta
-
-
-
-
PLD1C
-
-
-
-
PLDalpha
-
-
-
-
PLDalpha3
-
-
-
-
PLDbeta
-
-
-
-
PLDdelta1
-
-
-
-
PLDzeta1
-
-
-
-
PLDzeta2
-
-
-
-
rPLD1
-
-
-
-
rPLD2
-
-
-
-
PLD
-
-
-
-
REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
hydrolysis of phosphoric ester
-
-
-
-
PATHWAY SOURCE
PATHWAYS
BRENDA
-
-, -, -
SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
phosphatidylcholine phosphatidohydrolase
Also acts on other phosphatidyl esters.
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY
9001-87-0
-
SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
phospholipid + H2O
phosphatidic acid + alcohol
-
phosphoric ester hydrolysis
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
crosstalk between protein kinase A and C regulates phospholipase D and F-actin formation during sperm capacitation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
vitamin C at pharmacological doses activates PLD in the lung microvascular endothelial cells through oxidative stress and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
PLD also performs transphosphatidylation using 1-butanol as phosphatidyl acceptor
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
PLD also performs transphosphatidylation using 1-butanol as phosphatidyl acceptor, the transphosphatidylation reaction is an index of PLD activity in intact cells
-
-
?
NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
phospholipid + H2O
phosphatidic acid + alcohol
-
phosphoric ester hydrolysis
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
crosstalk between protein kinase A and C regulates phospholipase D and F-actin formation during sperm capacitation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
vitamin C at pharmacological doses activates PLD in the lung microvascular endothelial cells through oxidative stress and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
PLD also performs transphosphatidylation using 1-butanol as phosphatidyl acceptor, the transphosphatidylation reaction is an index of PLD activity in intact cells
-
-
?
METALS and IONS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
30kDA protein factor from bovine brain cytosol
-
inhibition due to interaction with phosphatidylinositol 4,5-biphosphate
-
ACTIVATING COMPOUND
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
dynamin
-
a large GTPase, can interact with PLD in a GTP dependent manner in vitro
-
Hg2+
-
mercury chloride, and methylmercury, activates PLD, the stimulation is regulated by Ca2+ and calmodulin, mechanism, overview. Calcium chelating agents and calcium depletion, e.g. by EGTA, calmodulin inhibitors, e.g. calmidazolium chloride and trifluoperazine, and L-type calcium channel blockers nifedipine, nimodipine, and diltiazem attenuate the stimulation of PLD by mercury, overview
L-ascorbic acid
-
activates the lipid signaling enzyme PLD at pharmacological doses, 5 mM, in the bovine lung microvascular endothelial cells, with modulation of PLD activation by phospholipase A2, PLA2. Antioxidants attenuate vitamin C-induced PLA2 , e.g. N-acetylcysteine, propyl gallate, or enzyme catalase activation
vitamin C
-
at pharmacological doses activates PLD in the lung microvascular endothelial cells through oxidative stress and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase
additional information
-
epidermal growth factor triggers the activation of PLD in various cell types, such as a bovine luteal cell line
-
KM VALUE [mM]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
SPECIFIC ACTIVITY [µmol/min/mg]
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
additional information
-
PLD transphosphatidylation activity at different conditions, overview
pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
pH RANGE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
ORGANISM
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
SOURCE
GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
physiological function
physiological function
-
PLD generates bioactive lipid second messengers in vascular endothelial cells
physiological function
-
roles of phospholipase D in epidermal growth factor receptor, EGFR, signaling, modelling, overview. Coordination of EGF signaling by the PX domain of PLD, detailed overview. PLD is a key mediator of EGFR function, and can be directly regulated by upstream binding partners in an EGF-dependent manner
UNIPROT
ENTRY NAME
ORGANISM
NO. OF AA
NO. OF TRANSM. HELICES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT[Da]
SOURCE
SEQUENCE
LOCALIZATION PREDICTION
The reliability class of the localization prediction ranges from 1 (very reliable) to 5 (not reliable).
The reliability class of the localization prediction ranges from 1 (very reliable) to 5 (not reliable). PLD2_BOVIN
933
0
105766
Swiss-Prot
other Location (Reliability: 1)
A0A3Q1LM46_BOVIN
1009
0
116475
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 2)
A0A3Q1LVT6_BOVIN
1031
0
115974
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 5)
A0A3Q1MFB9_BOVIN
1088
0
122399
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 5)
A0A3Q1MFP5_BOVIN
1174
0
135159
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 2)
A6QR57_BOVIN
1034
0
119379
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 2)
A0A3Q1LL74_BOVIN
1031
0
119085
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 2)
A0A3Q1MFR2_BOVIN
1050
0
118248
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 5)
F1MYP2_BOVIN
930
0
105109
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 1)
REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Kim, J.H.; Suh, Y.J.; Lee, T.G.; Kim, Y.; Bae, S.S.; Kim, M.J.; Lambeth, J.D.; Suh, P.G.; Ryu, S.H.
Inhibition of phospholipase D by a protein factor from bovine brain cytosol. Partial purification and characterization of the inhibition mechanism
J. Biol. Chem.
271
25213-25219
1996
Bos taurus
Salvador, G.A.; Giusto, N.M.
Characterization of phospholipase D activity in bovine photoreceptor membranes
Lipids
33
853-860
1998
Bos taurus
Varadharaj, S.; Steinhour, E.; Hunter, M.G.; Watkins, T.; Baran, C.P.; Magalang, U.; Kuppusamy, P.; Zweier, J.L.; Marsh, C.B.; Natarajan, V.; Parinandi, N.L.
Vitamin C-induced activation of phospholipase D in lung microvascular endothelial cells: Regulation by MAP kinases
Cell. Signal.
18
1396-1407
2006
Bos taurus
Cohen, G.; Rubinstein, S.; Gur, Y.; Breitbart, H.
Crosstalk between protein kinase A and C regulates phospholipase D and F-actin formation during sperm capacitation
Dev. Biol.
267
230-241
2004
Bos taurus
Lee, C.S.; Kim, K.L.; Jang, J.H.; Choi, Y.S.; Suh, P.G.; Ryu, S.H.
The roles of phospholipase D in EGFR signaling
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
1791
862-868
2009
Bos taurus, Cricetulus griseus, Oryctolagus cuniculus, Homo sapiens, Mus musculus, Rattus norvegicus
Peltz, A.; Sherwani, S.I.; Kotha, S.R.; Mazerik, J.N.; O'Connor Butler, E.S.; Kuppusamy, M.L.; Hagele, T.; Magalang, U.J.; Kuppusamy, P.; Marsh, C.B.; Parinandi, N.L.
Calcium and calmodulin regulate mercury-induced phospholipase D activation in vascular endothelial cells
Int. J. Toxicol.
28
190-206
2009
Bos taurus
Steinhour, E.; Sherwani, S.I.; Mazerik, J.N.; Ciapala, V.; O'Connor Butler, E.; Cruff, J.P.; Magalang, U.; Parthasarathy, S.; Sen, C.K.; Marsh, C.B.; Kuppusamy, P.; Parinandi, N.L.
Redox-active antioxidant modulation of lipid signaling in vascular endothelial cells: vitamin C induces activation of phospholipase D through phospholipase A2, lipoxygenase, and cyclooxygenase
Mol. Cell. Biochem.
315
97-112
2008
Bos taurus
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