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Information on EC 2.4.1.1 - glycogen phosphorylase and Organism(s) Gallus gallus

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EC Tree
     2 Transferases
         2.4 Glycosyltransferases
             2.4.1 Hexosyltransferases
                2.4.1.1 glycogen phosphorylase
IUBMB Comments
This entry covers several enzymes from different sources that act in vivo on different forms of (1->4)-alpha-D-glucans. Some of these enzymes catalyse the first step in the degradation of large branched glycan polymers - the phosphorolytic cleavage of alpha-1,4-glucosidic bonds from the non-reducing ends of linear poly(1->4)-alpha-D-glucosyl chains within the polymers. The enzyme stops when it reaches the fourth residue away from an alpha-1,6 branching point, leaving a highly branched core known as a limit dextrin. The accepted name of the enzyme should be modified for each specific instance by substituting "glycogen" with the name of the natural substrate, e.g. maltodextrin phosphorylase, starch phosphorylase, etc.
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The taxonomic range for the selected organisms is: Gallus gallus
The enzyme appears in selected viruses and cellular organisms
Synonyms
glycogen phosphorylase, phosphorylase a, phosphorylase b, myophosphorylase, muscle phosphorylase, glycogen phosphorylase b, glycogen phosphorylase a, muscle glycogen phosphorylase, starch phosphorylase, maltodextrin phosphorylase, more
SYNONYM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
1,4-alpha-glucan phosphorylase
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-
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alpha-glucan phosphorylase
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-
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amylopectin phosphorylase
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-
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amylophosphorylase
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-
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glucan phosphorylase
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-
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glucosan phosphorylase
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glycogen phosphorylase
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granulose phosphorylase
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maltodextrin phosphorylase
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-
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muscle phosphorylase
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-
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muscle phosphorylase a and b
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-
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myophosphorylase
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phosphorylase a
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phosphorylase, alpha-glucan
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polyphosphorylase
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-
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potato phosphorylase
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-
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starch phosphorylase
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-
-
-
REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
hexosyl group transfer
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-
-
-
PATHWAY SOURCE
PATHWAYS
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-, -, -, -, -
SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
(1->4)-alpha-D-glucan:phosphate alpha-D-glucosyltransferase
This entry covers several enzymes from different sources that act in vivo on different forms of (1->4)-alpha-D-glucans. Some of these enzymes catalyse the first step in the degradation of large branched glycan polymers - the phosphorolytic cleavage of alpha-1,4-glucosidic bonds from the non-reducing ends of linear poly(1->4)-alpha-D-glucosyl chains within the polymers. The enzyme stops when it reaches the fourth residue away from an alpha-1,6 branching point, leaving a highly branched core known as a limit dextrin. The accepted name of the enzyme should be modified for each specific instance by substituting "glycogen" with the name of the natural substrate, e.g. maltodextrin phosphorylase, starch phosphorylase, etc.
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY hide
9035-74-9
-
ORGANISM
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
-
Uniprot
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
SOURCE
the glycogen phosphorylase isoform BB (brain), but not the glycogen phosphorylase MM isoform (muscle) is expressed in the chicken retina in neuronal and glial cells. Glycogen phosphorylase is expressed in various layers of the retina some of which, e.g., the photoreceptor inner segments, are known to be sites of high energy consumption. This suggests important roles of glycogen phosphorylase BB, and therefore glycogen, in early differentiation, spontaneous wave generation and in formation and stabilization of synapses
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
UNIPROT
ENTRY NAME
ORGANISM
NO. OF AA
NO. OF TRANSM. HELICES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT[Da]
SOURCE
SEQUENCE
LOCALIZATION PREDICTION?
Q9PSQ9_CHICK
92
0
9952
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 1)
E1BSN7_CHICK
843
0
96760
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 5)
Q7ZZK3_CHICK
857
0
98566
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 5)
Q5ZJ15_CHICK
857
0
98630
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 5)
Q5ZME4_CHICK
843
0
96731
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 5)
A0A3Q3AC33_CHICK
160
0
18682
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 3)
REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Rothermel, A.; Weigel, W.; Pfeiffer-Guglielmi, B.; Hamprecht, B.; Robitzki, A.A.
Immunocytochemical analysis of glycogen phosphorylase isozymes in the developing and adult retina of the domestic chicken (Gallus domesticus)
Neurochem. Res.
33
336-347
2008
Gallus gallus (Q7ZZK3), Gallus gallus
Manually annotated by BRENDA team