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EC Tree
IUBMB Comments The enzyme, found in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes, catalyses the Claisen condensation of an acetyl-CoA and an acyl-CoA (often another acetyl-CoA), leading to the formation of an acyl-CoA that is longer by two carbon atoms. The reaction starts with the acylation of a nucleophilic cysteine at the active site, usually by acetyl-CoA but potentially by a different acyl-CoA, with concomitant release of CoA. In the second step the acyl group is transferred to an acetyl-CoA molecule. cf. EC 2.3.1.16, acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase.
The taxonomic range for the selected organisms is: Rattus norvegicus The enzyme appears in selected viruses and cellular organisms
Synonyms
acetoacetyl-coa thiolase, acetyl-coa acetyltransferase, erg10, acoat, acetyl-coa c-acetyltransferase, cytosolic acetoacetyl-coa thiolase, osat1, 2-methylacetoacetyl-coa thiolase, acetoacetyl coa thiolase, aact2,
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2-methylacetoacetyl-CoA thiolase
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acetoacetyl CoA thiolase
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acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase
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acetyl coenzyme A thiolase
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acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase
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acetyl-CoA:N-acetyltransferase
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acetyltransferase, acetyl coenzyme A
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beta-acetoacetyl coenzyme A thiolase
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2 acetyl-CoA = CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA
mechanism
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Acyl group transfer
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thiolytic cleavage
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KEGG
Benzoate degradation , Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites , Butanoate metabolism , Carbon fixation pathways in prokaryotes , Fatty acid degradation , Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism , Lysine degradation , Microbial metabolism in diverse environments , Pyruvate metabolism , Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis , Tryptophan metabolism , Valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation
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-, -, -, -, -, -, -, -, -, -, -, -, -, -, -, -, -, -, -, -, -, -, -, -, -, -, -, -, -
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acetyl-CoA:acetyl-CoA C-acetyltransferase
The enzyme, found in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes, catalyses the Claisen condensation of an acetyl-CoA and an acyl-CoA (often another acetyl-CoA), leading to the formation of an acyl-CoA that is longer by two carbon atoms. The reaction starts with the acylation of a nucleophilic cysteine at the active site, usually by acetyl-CoA but potentially by a different acyl-CoA, with concomitant release of CoA. In the second step the acyl group is transferred to an acetyl-CoA molecule. cf. EC 2.3.1.16, acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase.
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CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA
acetyl-CoA + acetyl-CoA
CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA
acetyl-CoA + acetyl-CoA
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?
CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA
acetyl-CoA + acetyl-CoA
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CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA
acetyl-CoA + acetyl-CoA
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CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA
acetyl-CoA + acetyl-CoA
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CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA
acetyl-CoA + acetyl-CoA
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r
CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA
acetyl-CoA + acetyl-CoA
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r
CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA
acetyl-CoA + acetyl-CoA
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r
CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA
acetyl-CoA + acetyl-CoA
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r
CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA
acetyl-CoA + acetyl-CoA
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r
CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA
acetyl-CoA + acetyl-CoA
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thiolysis is strongly preferred
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r
CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA
acetyl-CoA + acetyl-CoA
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peroxisomal thiolase most probably catalyzes the first reaction in peroxisomal cholesterol and dolichol synthesis
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CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA
acetyl-CoA + acetyl-CoA
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liver mitochondrial isoenzyme catalyzes the first step in biosynthesis of ketone bodies
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?
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CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA
acetyl-CoA + acetyl-CoA
CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA
acetyl-CoA + acetyl-CoA
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?
CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA
acetyl-CoA + acetyl-CoA
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CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA
acetyl-CoA + acetyl-CoA
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CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA
acetyl-CoA + acetyl-CoA
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CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA
acetyl-CoA + acetyl-CoA
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peroxisomal thiolase most probably catalyzes the first reaction in peroxisomal cholesterol and dolichol synthesis
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?
CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA
acetyl-CoA + acetyl-CoA
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liver mitochondrial isoenzyme catalyzes the first step in biosynthesis of ketone bodies
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?
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2-Oxo-5-(1-hydroxy-2,4,6-heptatriynyl)-1,3-dioxolone-4-heptanoic acid
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natural product isolated from actinomycete culture L-660,631, IC50: 0.00001 mM,
acetoacetyl-CoA
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isoenzyme A: above 0.015 mM, isoenzyme B: above 0.01 mM
CoA
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competitive vs. acetoacetyl-CoA in thiolysis
iodoacetamide
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0.005 mM, inactivation half-life: 3 min
Mg2+
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inhibits the rate of acetoacetyl-CoA thiolysis but not the rate of synthesis of acetoacetyl-CoA
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lovostatin
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1.9fold activity increase in rats treated with lovostatin
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0.004 - 0.08
acetoacetyl-CoA
0.004
acetoacetyl-CoA
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isoenzyme B, thiolysis
0.006
acetoacetyl-CoA
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isoenzyme A, thiolysis
0.009
acetoacetyl-CoA
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peroxisomal thiolase, thiolysis
0.016
acetoacetyl-CoA
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cytosolic thiolase, thiolysis
0.035
acetoacetyl-CoA
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peroxisomal thiolase, synthesis
0.08
acetoacetyl-CoA
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cytosolic thiolase, synthesis
0.0062
acetyl-CoA
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isoenzyme A
0.03
acetyl-CoA
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isoenzyme A, in the presence of 3.5 mM NH4+
0.008
CoA
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peroxisomal thiolase, thiolysis
0.02
CoA
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cytosolic thiolase, thiolysis
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0.0014
acetoacetyl-CoA
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isoenzyme A
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0.00001
2-Oxo-5-(1-hydroxy-2,4,6-heptatriynyl)-1,3-dioxolone-4-heptanoic acid
Rattus norvegicus
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natural product isolated from actinomycete culture L-660,631, IC50: 0.00001 mM,
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100 - 130
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peroxisomal thiolase, thiolysis
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brenda
2 forms: A and B
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brenda
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brenda
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brenda
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brenda
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THIM_RAT
397
0
41871
Swiss-Prot
Mitochondrion (Reliability: 4 )
THIL_RAT
424
0
44695
Swiss-Prot
Mitochondrion (Reliability: 1 )
THIC_RAT
397
0
41108
Swiss-Prot
other Location (Reliability: 4 )
THIKA_RAT
434
0
44839
Swiss-Prot
Mitochondrion (Reliability: 3 )
THIKB_RAT
424
0
43820
Swiss-Prot
Mitochondrion (Reliability: 3 )
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151000
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gel filtration, isoenzyme A and B
160000
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peroxisomal thiolase, gel filtration
40000
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4 * 40000, enzyme A and B, SDS-PAGE
42000
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4 * 42000, peroxisomal thiolase, SDS-PAGE
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tetramer
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4 * 42000, peroxisomal thiolase, SDS-PAGE
tetramer
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4 * 40000, enzyme A and B, SDS-PAGE
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peroxisomal thiolase, DEAE-cellulose, phosphocellulose column, Blue-Sepharose
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pH 5.5, DEAE-cellulose, calcium phosphate column, celulose phosphate column
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Middleton, B.
The kinetic mechanism and properties of the cytoplasmic acetoacetyl-coenzyme A thiolase from rat liver
Biochem. J.
139
109-121
1974
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Schwabe, D.; Huth, W.
Immunochemical aspects, molecular and kinetic properties of multiple forms of acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase from rat liver mitochondria
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
575
112-120
1979
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Huth, W.; Dierich, C.; von Oeynhausen, V.; Seubert, W.
Multiple mitochondrial forms of acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase in rat liver: possible regulatory role in ketogenesis
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.
56
1069-1077
1974
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Greenspan, M.D.; Yudkovitz, J.B.; Chen, J.S.; Hanf, D.P.; Chang, M.N.; Chiang, P.Y.C.; Chabala, J.C.; Alberts, A.W.
The inhibition of cytoplasmic acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase by a triyne carbonate (L-660, 631)
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.
163
548-553
1989
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Honda, A.; Salen, G.; Nguyen, L.B.; Xu, G.; Tint, G.S.; Batta, A.K.; Shefer, S.
Regulation of early cholesterol biosynthesis in rat liver: effects of sterols, bile acids, lovastatin, and BM 15.766 on 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A synthase and acetoacetyl coenzyme A thiolase activities
Hepatology
27
154-159
1998
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Antonenkov, V.D.; Croes, K.; Waelkens, E.; Van Veldhoven, P.P.; Mannaerts, G.P.
Identification, purification and characterization of an acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase from rat liver peroxisomes
Eur. J. Biochem.
267
2981-2990
2000
Rattus norvegicus
brenda