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Information on EC 1.8.1.4 - dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase and Organism(s) Bos taurus

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EC Tree
IUBMB Comments
A flavoprotein (FAD). A component of the multienzyme 2-oxo-acid dehydrogenase complexes. In the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, it binds to the core of EC 2.3.1.12, dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase, and catalyses oxidation of its dihydrolipoyl groups. It plays a similar role in the oxoglutarate and 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate dehydrogenase complexes. Another substrate is the dihydrolipoyl group in the H-protein of the glycine-cleavage system ({AminoAcid/GlyCleave} for diagram), in which it acts, together with EC 1.4.4.2, glycine dehydrogenase (decarboxylating), and EC 2.1.2.10, aminomethyltransferase, to break down glycine. It can also use free dihydrolipoate, dihydrolipoamide or dihydrolipoyllysine as substrate. This enzyme was first shown to catalyse the oxidation of NADH by methylene blue; this activity was called diaphorase. The glycine cleavage system is composed of four components that only loosely associate: the P protein (EC 1.4.4.2), the T protein (EC 2.1.2.10), the L protein (EC 1.8.1.4) and the lipoyl-bearing H protein .
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Word Map
The taxonomic range for the selected organisms is: Bos taurus
The enzyme appears in selected viruses and cellular organisms
Synonyms
lipoamide dehydrogenase, dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase, dldh, l-protein, dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, nadh diaphorase, e3 component, lipdh, lipoyl dehydrogenase, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide diaphorase, more
SYNONYM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
dehydrogenase, lipoamide
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dehydrolipoate dehydrogenase
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DHLDH
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diaphorase
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dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase E3
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common component of the three 2-oxoacid dehydrogenase complexes oxidizing pyruvate, 2-oxoglutarate, and the branched-chain 2-oxo acids
dihydrolipoic dehydrogenase
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dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase
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DLDH
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E3
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E3 component of 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex
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E3 component of acetoin cleaving system
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E3 component of alpha keto acid dehydrogenase complexes
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E3 component of pyruvate and 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenases complexes
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E3 component of pyruvate complex
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E3 lipoamide dehydrogenase
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Glycine cleavage system L protein
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Glycine oxidation system L-factor
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LAD
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LDP-Glc
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LDP-Val
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lipoamide dehydrogenase
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lipoamide dehydrogenase (NADH)
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lipoamide oxidoreductase (NADH)
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lipoamide reductase
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lipoate dehydrogenase
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lipoic acid dehydrogenase
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lipoyl dehydrogenase
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LPD
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LPD-GLC
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LPD-VAL
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NADH:lipoamide oxidoreductase
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ORF-E3
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REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
oxidation
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redox reaction
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reduction
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
protein-N6-(dihydrolipoyl)lysine:NAD+ oxidoreductase
A flavoprotein (FAD). A component of the multienzyme 2-oxo-acid dehydrogenase complexes. In the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, it binds to the core of EC 2.3.1.12, dihydrolipoyllysine-residue acetyltransferase, and catalyses oxidation of its dihydrolipoyl groups. It plays a similar role in the oxoglutarate and 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate dehydrogenase complexes. Another substrate is the dihydrolipoyl group in the H-protein of the glycine-cleavage system ({AminoAcid/GlyCleave} for diagram), in which it acts, together with EC 1.4.4.2, glycine dehydrogenase (decarboxylating), and EC 2.1.2.10, aminomethyltransferase, to break down glycine. It can also use free dihydrolipoate, dihydrolipoamide or dihydrolipoyllysine as substrate. This enzyme was first shown to catalyse the oxidation of NADH by methylene blue; this activity was called diaphorase. The glycine cleavage system is composed of four components that only loosely associate: the P protein (EC 1.4.4.2), the T protein (EC 2.1.2.10), the L protein (EC 1.8.1.4) and the lipoyl-bearing H protein [6].
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY hide
9001-18-7
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT                       
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide + NADH
?
show the reaction diagram
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?
acetaldoxime + NADH
?
show the reaction diagram
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?
dihydrolipoamide + NAD+
lipoamide + NADH
show the reaction diagram
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?
formaldoxime + NADH
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show the reaction diagram
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?
glycerol trinitrate + NADH
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show the reaction diagram
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?
hydroxylamine hydrochloride + NADH
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show the reaction diagram
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?
S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine + NADH
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show the reaction diagram
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?
S-nitrosoglutathione + NADH
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show the reaction diagram
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?
sodium nitroprusside + NADH
?
show the reaction diagram
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?
additional information
?
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NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
additional information
?
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the enzyme is a component of the three 2-oxoacid dehydrogenase complexes oxidizing pyruvate, 2-oxoglutarate, and the branched-chain 2-oxo acids
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?
COFACTOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
FAD
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NADH
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INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
diphenyleneiodonium chloride
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additional information
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LAD is not inhibited by resorufin ethyl ether, phenidone, Nomega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride, proadiphen hydrochloride, and miconazole nitrate
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KM VALUE [mM]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
0.46
2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide
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in 50 mM Tris-HCl buffer (pH 7.6), at 37°C
15.83 - 17.82
formaldoxime
1.42 - 16.93
glycerol trinitrate
ORGANISM
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
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Manually annotated by BRENDA team
SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
SOURCE
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Manually annotated by BRENDA team
UNIPROT
ENTRY NAME
ORGANISM
NO. OF AA
NO. OF TRANSM. HELICES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT[Da]
SOURCE
SEQUENCE
LOCALIZATION PREDICTION?
F1N206_BOVIN
509
0
54187
TrEMBL
Mitochondrion (Reliability: 2)
MOLECULAR WEIGHT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
55000
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x * 55000, SDS-PAGE
SUBUNIT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
?
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x * 55000, SDS-PAGE
REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Carothers, D.J.; Pons, G.; Patel, M.S.
Dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase: functional similarities and divergent evolution of the pyridine nucleotide-disulfide oxidoreductases
Arch. Biochem. Biophys.
268
409-425
1989
Ascaris suum, Azotobacter vinelandii, Bacillus subtilis, Bos taurus, Escherichia coli, Geobacillus stearothermophilus, Halobacterium salinarum, Homo sapiens, Pisum sativum, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas putida, Rattus norvegicus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Saccharomyces pastorianus, Sus scrofa
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Williams, C.H.
Flavin-containing dehydrogenases
The Enzymes, 3rd Ed. (Boyer, P. D. , ed. )
13
89-173
1976
Azotobacter agilis, Azotobacter vinelandii, Bacillus subtilis, Bos taurus, Brassica oleracea, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Escherichia coli B / ATCC 11303, Escherichia coli Crookes, Escherichia coli M191-6, Globisporangium ultimum, Homo sapiens, Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Neurospora crassa, Parvimonas micra, Phytophthora erythroseptica, Pichia kudriavzevii, Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Rattus norvegicus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Serratia marcescens, Spinacia oleracea, Squalus acanthias, Sus scrofa
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Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Stibingerova, A.; Velvarska, H.; Kynclova, K.; Marounkova, B.; Spundova, M.; Entlicher, G.
Lipoamide dehydrogenase and diaphorase catalyzed conversion of some NO donors to NO and reduction of NO scavenger 2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (PTIO)
Gen. Physiol. Biophys.
28
384-390
2009
Bos taurus, Sus scrofa
Manually annotated by BRENDA team