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pheophorbide a + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+ + O2
red chlorophyll catabolite + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster
pheophorbide a + NADPH + H+ + O2
red chlorophyll catabolite + NADP+
-
-
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
pheophorbide a + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+ + O2
red chlorophyll catabolite + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster
-
-
-
-
?
pheophorbide a + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+ + O2
red chlorophyll catabolite + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster
-
-
-
?
pheophorbide a + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+ + O2
red chlorophyll catabolite + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster
-
enzyme PAO is a Rieske-type monooxygenase
-
-
?
pheophorbide a + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+ + O2
red chlorophyll catabolite + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster
-
-
-
-
?
pheophorbide a + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+ + O2
red chlorophyll catabolite + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster
-
enzyme PAO is a Rieske-type monooxygenase
-
-
?
pheophorbide a + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+ + O2
red chlorophyll catabolite + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster
Musa cavendishii
-
-
-
-
?
pheophorbide a + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+ + O2
red chlorophyll catabolite + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster
Musa cavendishii
-
enzyme PAO is a Rieske-type monooxygenase
-
-
?
pheophorbide a + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+ + O2
red chlorophyll catabolite + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster
-
-
-
-
?
pheophorbide a + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+ + O2
red chlorophyll catabolite + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster
-
enzyme PAO is a Rieske-type monooxygenase
-
-
?
pheophorbide a + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+ + O2
red chlorophyll catabolite + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster
Q10RT5
-
-
-
?
pheophorbide a + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+ + O2
red chlorophyll catabolite + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster
Q10RT5
-
-
-
?
pheophorbide a + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+ + O2
red chlorophyll catabolite + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster
-
-
-
-
?
pheophorbide a + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+ + O2
red chlorophyll catabolite + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster
-
enzyme PAO is a Rieske-type monooxygenase
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
ACD1 is involved in PaO activity, and its inhibition led to photooxidative destruction of the cell
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
PaO expression is correlated positively with senescence. The in vivo function of PaO is the degradation of pheide a during senescence
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
PaO expression is correlated positively with senescence. The in vivo function of PaO is the degradation of pheide a during senescence
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
rred chlorophyll catabolite reductase together with pheophorbide a oxygenase is required for the detoxification of chlorophyll catabolites
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
significant reduction in pheophorbide a oxygenase activity is detected in nonyellowing mutant nye1-1. NYE1 plays an important regulatory role in chlorophyll degradation during senescence by modulating pheophorbide a oxygenase activity
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
the enzyme is involved in breakdown of pheophorbide a in chlorophyll degradation, involvement of pheophorbide a in the signaling pathway for programmed cell death, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme is involved in breakdown of pheophorbide a in chlorophyll degradation, involvement of pheophorbide a in the signaling pathway for programmed cell death, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
substrate specificity of PAO for pheophorbide (Pheide) a
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
key step in chlorophyll breakdown
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
substrate specificity of PAO for pheophorbide (Pheide) a
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme is involved in the mechanism of banana fruit peel staying green after riping, detailed overview. The stay-green ripe bananas exhibit a similar phenotype to type C stay-green mutants
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
Musa cavendishii
-
substrate specificity of PAO for pheophorbide (Pheide) a
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
substrate specificity of PAO for pheophorbide (Pheide) a
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
Q10RT5
PaO is a Fe-dependent monooxygenase that oxygenolytically opens the porphyrin macrocycle of pheophorbide a and converts pheophorbide a to red chlorophyll catabolite (RCC)
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
Q10RT5
PaO is a Fe-dependent monooxygenase that oxygenolytically opens the porphyrin macrocycle of pheophorbide a and converts pheophorbide a to red chlorophyll catabolite (RCC)
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
SGR absence in JI2775 does not influence the PAO pathway
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
SGR absence in JI2775 does not influence the PAO pathway
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
substrate specificity of PAO for pheophorbide (Pheide) a
-
-
?
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
pheophorbide a + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+ + O2
red chlorophyll catabolite + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster
additional information
?
-
pheophorbide a + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+ + O2
red chlorophyll catabolite + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster
-
-
-
?
pheophorbide a + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+ + O2
red chlorophyll catabolite + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster
-
enzyme PAO is a Rieske-type monooxygenase
-
-
?
pheophorbide a + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+ + O2
red chlorophyll catabolite + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster
-
enzyme PAO is a Rieske-type monooxygenase
-
-
?
pheophorbide a + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+ + O2
red chlorophyll catabolite + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster
Musa cavendishii
-
enzyme PAO is a Rieske-type monooxygenase
-
-
?
pheophorbide a + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+ + O2
red chlorophyll catabolite + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster
-
enzyme PAO is a Rieske-type monooxygenase
-
-
?
pheophorbide a + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+ + O2
red chlorophyll catabolite + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster
Q10RT5
-
-
-
?
pheophorbide a + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+ + O2
red chlorophyll catabolite + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster
Q10RT5
-
-
-
?
pheophorbide a + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+ + O2
red chlorophyll catabolite + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster
-
enzyme PAO is a Rieske-type monooxygenase
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
ACD1 is involved in PaO activity, and its inhibition led to photooxidative destruction of the cell
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
PaO expression is correlated positively with senescence. The in vivo function of PaO is the degradation of pheide a during senescence
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
PaO expression is correlated positively with senescence. The in vivo function of PaO is the degradation of pheide a during senescence
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
rred chlorophyll catabolite reductase together with pheophorbide a oxygenase is required for the detoxification of chlorophyll catabolites
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
significant reduction in pheophorbide a oxygenase activity is detected in nonyellowing mutant nye1-1. NYE1 plays an important regulatory role in chlorophyll degradation during senescence by modulating pheophorbide a oxygenase activity
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
the enzyme is involved in breakdown of pheophorbide a in chlorophyll degradation, involvement of pheophorbide a in the signaling pathway for programmed cell death, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme is involved in breakdown of pheophorbide a in chlorophyll degradation, involvement of pheophorbide a in the signaling pathway for programmed cell death, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
key step in chlorophyll breakdown
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme is involved in the mechanism of banana fruit peel staying green after riping, detailed overview. The stay-green ripe bananas exhibit a similar phenotype to type C stay-green mutants
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
Q10RT5
PaO is a Fe-dependent monooxygenase that oxygenolytically opens the porphyrin macrocycle of pheophorbide a and converts pheophorbide a to red chlorophyll catabolite (RCC)
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
Q10RT5
PaO is a Fe-dependent monooxygenase that oxygenolytically opens the porphyrin macrocycle of pheophorbide a and converts pheophorbide a to red chlorophyll catabolite (RCC)
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
SGR absence in JI2775 does not influence the PAO pathway
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
SGR absence in JI2775 does not influence the PAO pathway
-
-
?
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
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evolution
AtPaO is a Rieske-type iron–sulfur cluster-containing enzyme that is identical to Arabidopsis accelerated cell death 1 and homologous to lethal leaf spot 1 (LLS1) of maize
evolution
Q10RT5
PaO is an evolutionarily conserved protein, and EAS1 is 68% identical to the Arabidopsis ACCERLERATED CELL DEATH (ACD1) protein
evolution
-
PaO is an evolutionarily conserved protein, and EAS1 is 68% identical to the Arabidopsis ACCERLERATED CELL DEATH (ACD1) protein
-
malfunction
enzyme inhibition or downregulation leads to accumulation of pheophorbide a, a key intermediate of chlorophyll catabolism, which causes cell death in complete darkness in a transgenic Arabidopsis plant, As-ACD1. When senescence is induced by a continuous dark period, leaves of As-ACD1 plants become dehydrated, phenotype, overview
malfunction
Q10RT5
during the early growth stage (at the 3th leaf stage), eas1 mutants do not show detectable differences compared to wild-type plants. At the heading stage, old leaves of eas1 mutants turn yellowish or brownish, when wild-type plants are still healthy and green. Small chlorotic lesions are first observed near the tip, and then spread down to the entire leaves of eas1 mutants. At the grain filling stage, the leaf senescence phenotype of eas1 is more apparent compared to wild-type, as most eas1 mutant leaves, culms and sheaths turned to dark brown. In addition to the leaf senescence phenotype, the mature eas1 mutant plants also exhibit apparent developmental defects, such as semi-dwarfism, reduced tiller number and partial-filling
malfunction
-
the absence of PAO in mutants or antisense lines from different plant species results in premature cell death. Phototoxicity of Pheide a is considered to trigger the observed cell death phenotype in a light-dependent manner
malfunction
-
during the early growth stage (at the 3th leaf stage), eas1 mutants do not show detectable differences compared to wild-type plants. At the heading stage, old leaves of eas1 mutants turn yellowish or brownish, when wild-type plants are still healthy and green. Small chlorotic lesions are first observed near the tip, and then spread down to the entire leaves of eas1 mutants. At the grain filling stage, the leaf senescence phenotype of eas1 is more apparent compared to wild-type, as most eas1 mutant leaves, culms and sheaths turned to dark brown. In addition to the leaf senescence phenotype, the mature eas1 mutant plants also exhibit apparent developmental defects, such as semi-dwarfism, reduced tiller number and partial-filling
-
metabolism
-
the enzyme is important in the chlorophyll degradation pathway during leaf senescence. The porphyrin macrocycle of pheophorbide is oxygenolytically cleaved by the joint action of pheophorbide, the pheophorbide a oxygenase, PaO, and the red chlorophyll catabolite reductase, RCCR, overview
metabolism
-
chlorophyll metabolism and proteins (enzymes) involved, including pheophorbide a oxygenase, overview
metabolism
enzyme PaO seems to be a key regulator of chlorophyll catabolism
metabolism
-
in land plants, chlorophyll is broken down to colorless linear tetrapyrroles in a highly conserved multistep pathway. The pathway is termed the PAO pathway, because the opening of the chlorine macrocycle present in chlorophyll catalyzed by pheophorbide a oxygenase (PAO), the key enzyme of the pathway. The PAO pathway is active during leaf senescence and in ripening fruits. Chlorophyll breakdown does not only occur during leaf senescence and fruit ripening, but also at steady state, during post-harvest and in response to biotic and abiotic stresses, chlorophyll is turned over or degraded, at least to some extent
metabolism
-
in land plants, chlorophyll is broken down to colorless linear tetrapyrroles in a highly conserved multistep pathway. The pathway is termed the PAO pathway, because the opening of the chlorophyllide macrocycle present in chlorophyll catalyzed by pheophorbide a oxygenase (PAO), the key enzyme of the pathway. The PAO pathway is active during leaf senescence and in ripening fruits. Chlorophyll breakdown does not only occur during leaf senescence and fruit ripening, but also at steady state, during post-harvest and in response to biotic and abiotic stresses, chlorophyll is turned over or degraded, at least to some extent
metabolism
-
in land plants, chlorophyll is broken down to colorless linear tetrapyrroles in a highly conserved multistep pathway. The pathway is termed the PAO pathway, because the opening of the chlorophyllide macrocycle present in chlorophyll catalyzed by pheophorbide a oxygenase (PAO), the key enzyme of the pathway. The PAO pathway is active during leaf senescence and in ripening fruits. Chlorophyll breakdown does not only occur during leaf senescence and fruit ripening, but also at steady state, during post-harvest and in response to biotic and abiotic stresses, chlorophyll is turned over or degraded, at least to some extent
metabolism
Musa cavendishii
-
in land plants, chlorophyll is broken down to colorless linear tetrapyrroles in a highly conserved multistep pathway. The pathway is termed the PAO pathway, because the opening of the chlorophyllide macrocycle present in chlorophyll catalyzed by pheophorbide a oxygenase (PAO), the key enzyme of the pathway. The PAO pathway is active during leaf senescence and in ripening fruits. Chlorophyll breakdown does not only occur during leaf senescence and fruit ripening, but also at steady state, during post-harvest and in response to biotic and abiotic stresses, chlorophyll is turned over or degraded, at least to some extent
metabolism
-
in land plants, chlorophyll is broken down to colorless linear tetrapyrroles in a highly conserved multistep pathway. The pathway is termed the PAO pathway, because the opening of the chlorophyllide macrocycle present in chlorophyll catalyzed by pheophorbide a oxygenase (PAO), the key enzyme of the pathway. The PAO pathway is active during leaf senescence and in ripening fruits. Chlorophyll breakdown does not only occur during leaf senescence and fruit ripening, but also at steady state, during post-harvest and in response to biotic and abiotic stresses, chlorophyll is turned over or degraded, at least to some extent
metabolism
-
chlorophyll metabolism and proteins (enzymes) involved, including pheophorbide a oxygenase, overview
-
physiological function
-
a close correlation between chlorophyll degradation and enzyme expression exists during broccoli senescence
physiological function
chlorophyll breakdown during senescence is an integral part of plant development and leads to the accumulation of colorless catabolites. The loss of green pigment is due to an oxygenolytic opening of the porphyrin macrocycle of pheophorbide (pheide) a followed by a reduction to yield a fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite. This step is comprised of the interaction of two enzymes, pheide a oxygenase (PaO) and red chl catabolite reductase. Senescence-related activity of PaO
physiological function
Q10RT5
gene EAS1 encodes a PaO enzyme containing a putative bipartite chloroplast-targeting peptide, both of which are genetically important for the function of EAS1 during plant growth and development. Pheophorbide a oxygenase (PaO) is a key enzyme for chlorophyll breakdown and involved in chlorophyll degradation during leaf senescence
physiological function
-
physical interaction between pheophorbide a oxygenase, PAO, and red chlorophyll catabolite reductase, RCCR, required for activity, and interaction with stay-green proteins
physiological function
-
physical interaction between pheophorbide a oxygenase, PAO, and red chlorophyll catabolite reductase, RCCR, required for activity, and interaction with stay-green proteins
physiological function
Musa cavendishii
-
physical interaction between pheophorbide a oxygenase, PAO, and red chlorophyll catabolite reductase, RCCR, required for activity, and interaction with stay-green proteins
physiological function
-
physical interaction between pheophorbide a oxygenase, PAO, and red chlorophyll catabolite reductase, RCCR, required for activity, and interaction with stay-green proteins
physiological function
-
physical interaction between pheophorbide a oxygenase, PAO, and red chlorophyll catabolite reductase, RCCR, required for activity, and interaction with stay-green proteins, the latter is required for PaO-RCCR interaction. PaO enzyme expression is highly regulated
physiological function
-
gene EAS1 encodes a PaO enzyme containing a putative bipartite chloroplast-targeting peptide, both of which are genetically important for the function of EAS1 during plant growth and development. Pheophorbide a oxygenase (PaO) is a key enzyme for chlorophyll breakdown and involved in chlorophyll degradation during leaf senescence
-
additional information
-
catabolites such as hypermodified FCCs and urobilinogenoidic chlorophyll catabolites point to divergent paths of the PAO pathway that might exist in some plant species
additional information
-
catabolites such as hypermodified FCCs and urobilinogenoidic chlorophyll catabolites point to divergent paths of the PAO pathway that might exist in some plant species
additional information
-
catabolites such as hypermodified FCCs and urobilinogenoidic chlorophyll catabolites point to divergent paths of the PAO pathway that might exist in some plant species
additional information
Musa cavendishii
-
catabolites such as hypermodified FCCs and urobilinogenoidic chlorophyll catabolites point to divergent paths of the PAO pathway that might exist in some plant species
additional information
-
catabolites such as hypermodified FCCs and urobilinogenoidic chlorophyll catabolites point to divergent paths of the PAO pathway that might exist in some plant species
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
PAO_ARATH
537
0
60756
Swiss-Prot
Chloroplast (Reliability: 1)
PAO_ORYSJ
529
1
59074
Swiss-Prot
Chloroplast (Reliability: 3)
K9UY72_9CYAN
500
1
57354
TrEMBL
-
A0A2P6QNI3_ROSCH
541
0
60865
TrEMBL
Chloroplast (Reliability: 3)
A0A2P6QNK0_ROSCH
540
0
60685
TrEMBL
Chloroplast (Reliability: 2)
K9W3H1_9CYAN
498
3
56033
TrEMBL
-
A0A0D2J1F7_9CHLO
117
0
12630
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 5)
A0A6J4NVX3_9CYAN
uncultured Microcoleus sp
459
2
51861
TrEMBL
-
K9UVN5_9CYAN
444
2
50900
TrEMBL
-
A0A1Z5J662_FISSO
577
2
64862
TrEMBL
Secretory Pathway (Reliability: 2)
K9Q2J1_9CYAN
451
1
51197
TrEMBL
-
G7JM88_MEDTR
542
0
61099
TrEMBL
Chloroplast (Reliability: 1)
A0A0D2KDT7_9CHLO
144
0
15695
TrEMBL
Mitochondrion (Reliability: 3)
A0A0D2LWK5_9CHLO
295
0
32309
TrEMBL
Mitochondrion (Reliability: 3)
G4FLZ0_9SYNE
440
1
49434
TrEMBL
-
A0A396GVF9_MEDTR
416
0
47505
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 4)
A0A2P6QGN9_ROSCH
546
0
61449
TrEMBL
Chloroplast (Reliability: 1)
A0A2I0BF46_9ASPA
547
0
61346
TrEMBL
Chloroplast (Reliability: 1)
A0A2G9H2W1_9LAMI
517
0
59259
TrEMBL
Chloroplast (Reliability: 2)
A0A0P4V0M2_9CYAN
468
2
52961
TrEMBL
-
A0A1Z5JP33_FISSO
577
2
65041
TrEMBL
Secretory Pathway (Reliability: 1)
K9PK70_9CYAN
464
2
52831
TrEMBL
-
K9Q3Y1_9CYAN
439
1
50285
TrEMBL
-
A0A2P6S916_ROSCH
549
0
62094
TrEMBL
Chloroplast (Reliability: 5)
A0A2K8WPW0_9CHRO
465
2
53810
TrEMBL
-
K9QCP6_9NOSO
465
2
52646
TrEMBL
-
A0A2G9H4L2_9LAMI
545
2
62238
TrEMBL
Chloroplast (Reliability: 2)
K9VW93_9CYAN
441
2
50396
TrEMBL
-
L8N5X2_9CYAN
480
1
54426
TrEMBL
-
A0A0D2ML33_9CHLO
556
2
60568
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 2)
A0A2W1JUH0_9CYAN
Acaryochloris thomasi RCC1774
467
1
52235
TrEMBL
-
K9VVY4_9CYAN
468
2
52824
TrEMBL
-
G7J9S7_MEDTR
552
2
62078
TrEMBL
Chloroplast (Reliability: 2)
A0A096ZND3_WHEAT
120
0
13765
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 2)
A0A2P6PY62_ROSCH
551
2
61793
TrEMBL
Chloroplast (Reliability: 4)
A0A2W1JL98_9CYAN
Acaryochloris thomasi RCC1774
479
2
54214
TrEMBL
-
K9Z6J9_CYAAP
Cyanobacterium aponinum (strain PCC 10605)
468
2
54282
TrEMBL
-
A0A1Z3HSQ2_9CYAN
471
1
52881
TrEMBL
-
A0A2I0AAG1_9ASPA
545
0
61710
TrEMBL
Chloroplast (Reliability: 1)
A0A2I0A1J3_9ASPA
538
3
60556
TrEMBL
Chloroplast (Reliability: 2)
A0A160U3I5_9ZZZZ
365
0
41748
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 1)
K9PS79_9CYAN
443
2
51124
TrEMBL
-
A0A396GN98_MEDTR
178
2
20190
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 2)
G7LIM7_MEDTR
529
2
60172
TrEMBL
Chloroplast (Reliability: 2)
K9Z9P7_CYAAP
Cyanobacterium aponinum (strain PCC 10605)
444
2
52143
TrEMBL
-
B6ETR8_PEA
282
0
31925
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 2)
K9V134_9CYAN
498
3
56541
TrEMBL
-
A0A1V1PQB4_9PROT
352
0
40165
TrEMBL
-
A0A2G9GG93_9LAMI
398
0
45163
TrEMBL
Chloroplast (Reliability: 1)
A0A396GSW2_MEDTR
556
2
63157
TrEMBL
Chloroplast (Reliability: 2)
Q0ZKW3_BRANA
538
0
60513
TrEMBL
-
Q0ZKW4_BRANA
535
0
60234
TrEMBL
-
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Hörtensteiner, S.
Chlorophyll degradation during senescence
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Oryza sativa Japonica Group (Q10RT5), Oryza sativa Japonica Group Nipponbare (Q10RT5)
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