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2 ferricyanide + NAD(P)H
2 ferrocyanide + NAD(P)+ + H+
FAD + H2
FADH2
-
99% activity compared to NAD+
-
-
r
ferrocyanide + NAD(P)H
ferricyanide + NAD(P)+
-
enzyme complex including HoxI
-
-
?
ferrocyanide + NAD+
ferricyanide + NADH
H+ + NADH + reduced ferredoxin
H2 + NAD+ + oxidized ferredoxin
H+ + NADPH
H2 + NADP+
-
-
-
-
?
H+ + reduced dithionite
H2 + oxidized dithionite
H+ + reduced methyl viologen
H2 + methyl viologen
-
-
-
-
?
H+ + reduced methyl viologen
H2 + oxidized methyl viologen
H2 + acceptor
H+ + reduced acceptor
H2 + ferricyanide
H+ + ferrocyanide
H2 + ferrocyanide
H+ + ferricyanide
-
-
-
-
r
H2 + NAD(P)+
H+ + NAD(P)H
-
-
-
r
H2 + oxidized benzyl viologen
H+ + reduced benzyl viologen
H2 + oxidized benzyl viologen
reduced benzyl viologen + H+
H2 + oxidized dithionite
H+ + reduced dithionite
-
-
-
r
H2 + oxidized methyl viologen
H+ + reduced methyl viologen
H2 + oxidized methyl viologen
reduced methyl viologen + H+
H2 + oxidized methylene blue
H+ + reduced methylene blue
NAD(P)H + H+ + oxidized 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
NAD(P)+ + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
NAD+ + H+ + e-
NADH
-
diaphorase reaction part
-
-
r
NADH + K3Fe(CN)6
?
-
-
-
-
?
NADH + oxidized 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol
NAD+ + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol
NADH + oxidized benzyl viologen
NAD+ + reduced benzyl viologen
-
-
-
-
r
NADH + reduced 3-acetylpyridine adenine dinucleotide
NAD+ + oxidized 3-acetylpyridine adenine dinucleotide
NADPH + K3Fe(CN)6
?
-
low reaction with hexameric enzyme form, no reaction with tetrameric enzyme form
-
-
?
oxidized 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol + NADH + H+
reduced 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol + NAD+
oxidized benzyl viologen + NADH
reduced benzyl viologen + NAD+
oxidized cytochrome c + NAD(P)H
reduced cytchrome c + NAD(P)+
-
-
-
?
oxidized methylene blue + H2
reduced methylene blue + H+
-
1058% activity compared to NAD+
-
-
r
oxidized methylene blue + NAD(P)H
reduced methylene blue + NAD(P)+
-
-
-
?
oxidized methylene blue + NADH + H+
reduced methylene blue + NAD+
oxidized resazurin + NADH + H+
reduced resazurin + NAD+
additional information
?
-
2 ferricyanide + NAD(P)H
2 ferrocyanide + NAD(P)+ + H+
-
-
-
?
2 ferricyanide + NAD(P)H
2 ferrocyanide + NAD(P)+ + H+
-
-
-
?
2 ferricyanide + NAD(P)H
2 ferrocyanide + NAD(P)+ + H+
-
-
-
?
2 ferricyanide + NAD(P)H
2 ferrocyanide + NAD(P)+ + H+
-
-
-
?
2 ferricyanide + NAD(P)H
2 ferrocyanide + NAD(P)+ + H+
-
-
-
?
2 ferricyanide + NAD(P)H
2 ferrocyanide + NAD(P)+ + H+
-
-
-
?
2 ferricyanide + NAD(P)H
2 ferrocyanide + NAD(P)+ + H+
-
-
-
?
2 ferricyanide + NAD(P)H
2 ferrocyanide + NAD(P)+ + H+
-
-
-
?
2 ferricyanide + NAD(P)H
2 ferrocyanide + NAD(P)+ + H+
-
-
-
?
ferrocyanide + NAD+
ferricyanide + NADH
-
-
-
-
r
ferrocyanide + NAD+
ferricyanide + NADH
-
diaphorase activity
-
-
r
ferrocyanide + NAD+
ferricyanide + NADH
-
-
-
-
r
H+ + NADH
H2 + NAD+
module HoxFU shows clear electrocatalytic activity for both NAD+ reduction and NADH oxidation with minimal overpotential relative to the potential of the NAD+/NADH couple
-
-
r
H+ + NADH
H2 + NAD+
module HoxFU shows clear electrocatalytic activity for both NAD+ reduction and NADH oxidation with minimal overpotential relative to the potential of the NAD+/NADH couple
-
-
r
H+ + NADH
H2 + NAD+
-
-
-
-
?
H+ + NADH + reduced ferredoxin
H2 + NAD+ + oxidized ferredoxin
-
the enzyme simultaneously uses electrons from NADH and reduced ferredoxin to produce hydrogen
-
-
?
H+ + NADH + reduced ferredoxin
H2 + NAD+ + oxidized ferredoxin
-
the enzyme simultaneously uses electrons from NADH and reduced ferredoxin to produce hydrogen
-
-
?
H+ + NADH + reduced ferredoxin
H2 + NAD+ + oxidized ferredoxin
-
bifurcating [FeFe]-hydrogenase in Syntrophobacter fumaroxidans simultaneously uses electrons from NADH and reduced ferredoxin in a 1:2 ratio to produce hydrogen
-
-
?
H+ + NADH + reduced ferredoxin
H2 + NAD+ + oxidized ferredoxin
-
bifurcating [FeFe]-hydrogenase in Syntrophobacter fumaroxidans simultaneously uses electrons from NADH and reduced ferredoxin in a 1:2 ratio to produce hydrogen
-
-
?
H+ + NADH + reduced ferredoxin
H2 + NAD+ + oxidized ferredoxin
-
the hydrogenase requires the presence of both electron carriers, NADH and reduced ferredoxin, synergistically in a 1:1 ratio for catalysis of H2 production
-
-
?
H+ + NADH + reduced ferredoxin
H2 + NAD+ + oxidized ferredoxin
-
the hydrogenase requires the presence of both electron carriers, NADH and reduced ferredoxin, synergistically in a 1:1 ratio for catalysis of H2 production
-
-
?
H+ + reduced dithionite
H2 + oxidized dithionite
-
-
-
-
?
H+ + reduced dithionite
H2 + oxidized dithionite
-
-
-
-
?
H+ + reduced dithionite
H2 + oxidized dithionite
-
-
-
-
?
H+ + reduced methyl viologen
H2 + oxidized methyl viologen
-
-
-
-
?
H+ + reduced methyl viologen
H2 + oxidized methyl viologen
-
-
-
-
?
H+ + reduced methyl viologen
H2 + oxidized methyl viologen
-
-
-
-
?
H+ + reduced methyl viologen
H2 + oxidized methyl viologen
-
-
-
-
?
H+ + reduced methyl viologen
H2 + oxidized methyl viologen
-
-
-
-
?
H2
H+ + e-
-
hydrogenase reaction part
-
-
r
H2
H+ + e-
-
hydrogenase reaction part
-
-
r
H2 + acceptor
H+ + reduced acceptor
-
-
-
-
?
H2 + acceptor
H+ + reduced acceptor
-
-
-
-
?
H2 + acceptor
H+ + reduced acceptor
-
-
-
-
?
H2 + ferricyanide
H+ + ferrocyanide
-
1257% activity compared to electron acceptor NAD+
-
?
H2 + ferricyanide
H+ + ferrocyanide
-
585% activity compared to electron acceptor NAD+
-
?
H2 + ferricyanide
H+ + ferrocyanide
-
1257% activity compared to electron acceptor NAD+
-
?
H2 + ferricyanide
H+ + ferrocyanide
-
389% activity compared to electron acceptor NAD+
-
?
H2 + ferricyanide
H+ + ferrocyanide
-
-
-
-
r
H2 + ferricyanide
H+ + ferrocyanide
-
708% activity compared to electron acceptor NAD+
-
?
H2 + ferricyanide
H+ + ferrocyanide
-
708% activity compared to electron acceptor NAD+
-
?
H2 + ferricyanide
H+ + ferrocyanide
-
708% activity compared to electron acceptor NAD+
-
?
H2 + ferricyanide
H+ + ferrocyanide
-
-
-
-
r
H2 + ferricyanide
H+ + ferrocyanide
-
350% activity compared to electron acceptor NAD+
-
?
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
-
-
-
?
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
-
-
-
?
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
-
-
-
?
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
-
-
-
r
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
electron transfer between the catalytic site for NADH-oxidation and the hydrogenase catalytic site is rate-limiting
-
-
r
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
-
-
-
?
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
-
-
?
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
-
-
?
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
-
-
?
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
-
-
?
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
-
-
?
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
-
-
?
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
-
-
?
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
-
-
?
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
-
-
?
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
-
-
?
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
-
-
?
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
-
-
?
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
-
-
?
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
-
-
?
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
-
-
-
?
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
-
-
-
r
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
-
-
?
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
electron acceptor FMN
-
r
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
electron acceptor FAD
-
r
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
no activity with NADP+
-
-
r
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
artificial electron acceptors: Janus green, 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol, phenazine methosulfate, menaquinone, ubiquinone, cytochrome c
-
r
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
hydrogenase produces superoxide free radical anions, which are responsible for enzyme inactivation
-
?
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
artificial electron acceptor benzyl viologen
-
r
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
artificial electron acceptor methyl viologen
-
r
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
weak electron acceptor O2
-
r
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
enzyme also has diaphorase and NAD(P)H oxidase activity
-
r
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
electron acceptor NAD+
-
r
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
artificial electron acceptor ferricyanide
-
r
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
artificial electron acceptor resazurin
-
?
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
artificial electron acceptor methylene blue
-
r
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
utilization of H2 as energy source during autotrophic growth on hydrogen and CO2
-
r
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
utilization of H2 as energy source during autotrophic growth on hydrogen and CO2
-
r
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
enzyme provides reducing equivalents for CO2 fixation
-
-
r
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
key enzyme in H2 metabolism
-
-
r
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
H2 activation solely takes place on Ni2+
-
-
r
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
overall reaction
-
-
r
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
the enzyme catalyzes electron transfer from molecular hydrogen to NAD+, thereby producing reducing equivalents for CO2 fixation in the form of NADH
-
-
?
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
module HoxFU shows clear electrocatalytic activity for both NAD+ reduction and NADH oxidation with minimal overpotential relative to the potential of the NAD+/NADH couple
-
-
r
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
-
-
?
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
-
-
?
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
-
-
?
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
module HoxFU shows clear electrocatalytic activity for both NAD+ reduction and NADH oxidation with minimal overpotential relative to the potential of the NAD+/NADH couple
-
-
r
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
-
-
?
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
-
-
?
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
utilization of H2 as energy source during autotrophic growth on hydrogen and CO2
-
r
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
-
-
?
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
electron acceptor FMN
-
r
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
electron acceptor FAD
-
r
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
artificial electron acceptors: Janus green, 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol, phenazine methosulfate, menaquinone, ubiquinone, cytochrome c
-
r
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
-
-
?
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
-
-
?
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
hydrogenase produces superoxide free radical anions, which are responsible for enzyme inactivation
-
?
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
-
-
?
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
-
-
-
r
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
no activity with NADP+
-
-
r
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
key enzyme in H2 metabolism
-
-
r
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
-
-
-
?
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
overall reaction
-
-
r
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
-
-
?
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
-
-
?
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
artificial electron acceptor resazurin
-
?
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
-
-
?
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
-
-
?
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
-
-
-
r
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
physiological function of the enzyme in Frankia strains, overview
-
-
r
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
-
-
r
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
H2 producing activity is not dependent on NAD+ reduction
-
-
r
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
only 3-8% of the benzyl biologen or methyl viologen-dependent values. The enzyme interacts with NADP+ and NADPH, but is more specific to NAD+ and NADH
-
-
r
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
only 3-8% of the benzyl biologen or methyl viologen-dependent values. The enzyme interacts with NADP+ and NADPH, but is more specific to NAD+ and NADH
-
-
r
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
Hydrogenomonas sp.
-
electron acceptor FAD, only in presence of catalytic amounts of NAD+
-
?
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
Hydrogenomonas sp.
-
artificial electron acceptor methylene blue, only in presence of catalytic amounts of NAD+
-
?
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
Hydrogenomonas sp.
-
electron acceptor FMN, only in presence of catalytic amounts of NAD+
-
?
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
electron acceptor FAD, only in presence of catalytic amounts of NAD+
-
?
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
artificial electron acceptor methylene blue, only in presence of catalytic amounts of NAD+
-
?
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
electron acceptor FMN, only in presence of catalytic amounts of NAD+
-
?
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
-
-
-
r
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
enzyme delivers hydrogen-driven reducing power for methane oxidation
-
-
r
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
-
-
?
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
-
-
-
?
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
-
-
-
r
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
electron acceptor FAD
-
r
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
artificial electron acceptor benzyl viologen
-
?
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
artificial electron acceptor benzyl viologen
-
r
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
artificial electron acceptor methyl viologen
-
?
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
artificial electron acceptor methyl viologen
-
r
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
electron acceptor NAD+
-
?
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
electron acceptor NAD+
-
r
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
artificial electron acceptor ferricyanide
-
r
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
artificial electron acceptor methylene blue, only in presence of catalytic amounts of NAD+
-
?
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
artificial electron acceptor methylene blue
-
?
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
artificial electron acceptor methylene blue
-
r
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
artificial electron acceptor benzyl viologen
-
?
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
artificial electron acceptor methyl viologen
-
?
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
electron acceptor NAD+
-
?
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
artificial electron acceptor methylene blue, only in presence of catalytic amounts of NAD+
-
?
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
artificial electron acceptor methylene blue
-
?
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
electron acceptor FAD
-
r
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
artificial electron acceptor benzyl viologen
-
r
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
artificial electron acceptor methyl viologen
-
r
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
electron acceptor NAD+
-
r
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
-
-
?
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
-
-
-
r
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
-
-
-
?
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
-
-
r
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
-
-
-
?
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
-
-
-
?
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
-
-
r
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
in vivo H2 evolution under nitrogenase-repressed conditions
-
-
r
H2 + NAD+
H+ + NADH
-
-
-
-
?
H2 + NADP+
H+ + NADPH
-
only 3-8% of the benzyl biologen or methyl viologen-dependent values. The enzyme interacts with NADP+ and NADPH, but is more specific to NAD+ and NADH
-
-
r
H2 + NADP+
H+ + NADPH
-
only 3-8% of the benzyl biologen or methyl viologen-dependent values. The enzyme interacts with NADP+ and NADPH, but is more specific to NAD+ and NADH
-
-
r
H2 + oxidized benzyl viologen
H+ + reduced benzyl viologen
-
-
-
-
?
H2 + oxidized benzyl viologen
H+ + reduced benzyl viologen
-
-
-
r
H2 + oxidized benzyl viologen
H+ + reduced benzyl viologen
-
-
-
-
r
H2 + oxidized benzyl viologen
H+ + reduced benzyl viologen
-
hydrogenase activity
-
-
r
H2 + oxidized benzyl viologen
H+ + reduced benzyl viologen
-
-
-
-
r
H2 + oxidized benzyl viologen
H+ + reduced benzyl viologen
-
-
-
-
r
H2 + oxidized benzyl viologen
H+ + reduced benzyl viologen
-
50fold higher specific activity compared to NAD+ reduction
-
r
H2 + oxidized benzyl viologen
H+ + reduced benzyl viologen
-
-
-
-
r
H2 + oxidized benzyl viologen
reduced benzyl viologen + H+
-
-
-
-
?
H2 + oxidized benzyl viologen
reduced benzyl viologen + H+
-
-
-
-
?
H2 + oxidized benzyl viologen
reduced benzyl viologen + H+
-
-
-
-
?
H2 + oxidized methyl viologen
H+ + reduced methyl viologen
-
-
-
?
H2 + oxidized methyl viologen
H+ + reduced methyl viologen
-
-
-
?
H2 + oxidized methyl viologen
H+ + reduced methyl viologen
-
-
-
?
H2 + oxidized methyl viologen
H+ + reduced methyl viologen
-
-
-
-
r
H2 + oxidized methyl viologen
H+ + reduced methyl viologen
-
-
-
?
H2 + oxidized methyl viologen
H+ + reduced methyl viologen
-
-
-
r
H2 + oxidized methyl viologen
H+ + reduced methyl viologen
-
-
-
?
H2 + oxidized methyl viologen
H+ + reduced methyl viologen
-
-
-
r
H2 + oxidized methyl viologen
H+ + reduced methyl viologen
-
-
-
?
H2 + oxidized methyl viologen
H+ + reduced methyl viologen
-
-
-
-
r
H2 + oxidized methyl viologen
H+ + reduced methyl viologen
-
-
-
r
H2 + oxidized methyl viologen
H+ + reduced methyl viologen
the artificial electron donor is accepted by the cells for H2 production when added to the culture medium
-
-
r
H2 + oxidized methyl viologen
H+ + reduced methyl viologen
-
-
-
-
r
H2 + oxidized methyl viologen
H+ + reduced methyl viologen
-
-
-
-
?
H2 + oxidized methyl viologen
H+ + reduced methyl viologen
-
-
-
?
H2 + oxidized methyl viologen
H+ + reduced methyl viologen
-
-
-
-
?
H2 + oxidized methyl viologen
H+ + reduced methyl viologen
-
-
-
-
?
H2 + oxidized methyl viologen
H+ + reduced methyl viologen
-
best cofactor
-
r
H2 + oxidized methyl viologen
H+ + reduced methyl viologen
-
-
-
-
?
H2 + oxidized methyl viologen
H+ + reduced methyl viologen
-
-
-
-
?
H2 + oxidized methyl viologen
H+ + reduced methyl viologen
-
-
-
r
H2 + oxidized methyl viologen
reduced methyl viologen + H+
-
-
-
-
r
H2 + oxidized methyl viologen
reduced methyl viologen + H+
-
-
-
-
r
H2 + oxidized methylene blue
H+ + reduced methylene blue
-
-
-
?
H2 + oxidized methylene blue
H+ + reduced methylene blue
-
-
-
?
H2 + oxidized methylene blue
H+ + reduced methylene blue
-
-
-
?
H2 + oxidized methylene blue
H+ + reduced methylene blue
-
-
-
?
H2 + oxidized methylene blue
H+ + reduced methylene blue
-
-
-
?
H2 + oxidized methylene blue
H+ + reduced methylene blue
-
-
-
?
H2 + oxidized methylene blue
H+ + reduced methylene blue
-
-
-
-
r
H2 + oxidized methylene blue
H+ + reduced methylene blue
-
-
-
?
H2 + oxidized methylene blue
H+ + reduced methylene blue
-
-
-
r
NAD(P)H + H+ + oxidized 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
NAD(P)+ + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
-
-
-
?
NAD(P)H + H+ + oxidized 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
NAD(P)+ + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
-
-
-
?
NADH + oxidized 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol
NAD+ + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol
-
-
-
-
?
NADH + oxidized 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol
NAD+ + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol
-
-
-
-
?
NADH + reduced 3-acetylpyridine adenine dinucleotide
NAD+ + oxidized 3-acetylpyridine adenine dinucleotide
-
-
-
-
?
NADH + reduced 3-acetylpyridine adenine dinucleotide
NAD+ + oxidized 3-acetylpyridine adenine dinucleotide
-
-
-
-
?
oxidized 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol + NADH + H+
reduced 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol + NAD+
-
-
-
-
r
oxidized 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol + NADH + H+
reduced 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol + NAD+
-
-
-
-
r
oxidized benzyl viologen + NADH
reduced benzyl viologen + NAD+
-
-
-
?
oxidized benzyl viologen + NADH
reduced benzyl viologen + NAD+
-
-
-
?
oxidized methylene blue + NADH + H+
reduced methylene blue + NAD+
-
-
-
-
r
oxidized methylene blue + NADH + H+
reduced methylene blue + NAD+
-
-
-
-
r
oxidized resazurin + NADH + H+
reduced resazurin + NAD+
-
-
-
-
r
oxidized resazurin + NADH + H+
reduced resazurin + NAD+
-
-
-
-
r
additional information
?
-
-
at high H2 partial pressure enzyme activity is reduced and fermentation is partially shifted to ethanol production
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
enzyme autoxidation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
activity is equally high in atmosperes of 20% O2, 20% N2, or 100% H2, the latter being slightly preferred
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
enzyme regulation involves a regulatory hydrogenase RH which acts as a sensor for H2 content, interaction via signal cascade
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the organism can grow on H2 as sole energy source in an oxic environment
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
addition of NADH prolonged the lag phase before H2 consumption
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
deuterium-hydrogen proton exchange activity of wild-type and mutantenzymes, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
enzyme shows both hydrogenase and diaphorase activities, proton channeling
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
FMN release induces reduction with NADH, enzyme shows both hydrogenase and diaphorase activities, proton channeling
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
tetrameric or hexameric enzyme form: no H2 production from NADPH
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
in protein film electrochemical experiments the electrocatalytic current is unaffected by O2. In aerobic solution assays, a moderate superoxide production rate of 54 nmol per mg of protein is observed, meaning that the formation of reactive oxygen species observed for the native enzyme can be attributed mainly to module HoxFU
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
in protein film electrochemical experiments the electrocatalytic current is unaffected by O2. In aerobic solution assays, a moderate superoxide production rate of 54 nmol per mg of protein is observed, meaning that the formation of reactive oxygen species observed for the native enzyme can be attributed mainly to module HoxFU
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
in protein film electrochemical experiments the electrocatalytic current is unaffected by O2. In aerobic solution assays, a moderate superoxide production rate of 54 nmol per mg of protein is observed, meaning that the formation of reactive oxygen species observed for the native enzyme can be attributed mainly to module HoxFU
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
in protein film electrochemical experiments the electrocatalytic current is unaffected by O2. In aerobic solution assays, a moderate superoxide production rate of 54 nmol per mg of protein is observed, meaning that the formation of reactive oxygen species observed for the native enzyme can be attributed mainly to module HoxFU
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
in protein film electrochemical experiments the electrocatalytic current is unaffected by O2. In aerobic solution assays, a moderate superoxide production rate of 54 nmol per mg of protein is observed, meaning that the formation of reactive oxygen species observed for the native enzyme can be attributed mainly to module HoxFU
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the organism can grow on H2 as sole energy source in an oxic environment
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
tetrameric or hexameric enzyme form: no H2 production from NADPH
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
enzyme shows both hydrogenase and diaphorase activities, proton channeling
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
enzyme is the key enzyme in hydrogen metabolism, no activity in strain R43 under aerobic nitrogen-limited conditions
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
enzyme is the key enzyme in hydrogen metabolism, no activity in strain R43 under aerobic nitrogen-limited conditions
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
enzyme is the key enzyme in hydrogen metabolism, no activity in strain R43 under aerobic nitrogen-limited conditions
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
enzyme is the key enzyme in hydrogen metabolism, no activity in strain R43 under aerobic nitrogen-limited conditions
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
physiological role of the hydrogenase seems to be equally associated with both formation and uptake of H2, depending on the redox state of the intracellular medium
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
physiological role of the hydrogenase seems to be equally associated with both formation and uptake of H2, depending on the redox state of the intracellular medium
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
flavodoxin and ferredoxin directly reduce the enzyme in vitro
-
-
?
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?
-
x * 63000 + x * 30000 + x * 26000 + x * 56000, SDS-PAGE, deduced from nucleotide sequence
?
-
x * 63000 + x * 30000 + x * 26000 + x * 56000, SDS-PAGE, deduced from nucleotide sequence
-
?
x * 18000, HoxE, SDS-PAGE, x * 21000, recombinant HIs-tagged HoxE, SDS-PAGE
hexamer
-
subunit stoichiometry of HoxFUYI2. Subunit HoxIhas a MW of 19000 Da as determined by SDS-PAGE
hexamer
-
subunit stoichiometry of HoxFUYI2. Subunit HoxIhas a MW of 19000 Da as determined by SDS-PAGE
-
oligomer
-
enzyme is composed as a dimer of pentamers, the latter consisting of subunit pairs HoxU with HoxF, and HoxY with HoxH, and a fifth 19 kDa subunit HoxI, i.e. B protein, the HoxFU dimer is the NADH-dehydrogenase moiety, the HoxHY dimer is the hydrogenase moiety, overview
oligomer
-
heterotetrameric multifunctional enzyme showing both hydrogenase and diaphorase activities, subunits HoxHY form a heterodimer which is responsible for the hydrogenase activity with 56 kDa for HoxH and 26 kDa for HoxY, subunits HoxFU form a heterodimer which is responsible for the NADH-dehydrogenase, i.e. diaphorase activity
oligomer
-
enzyme is composed as a dimer of pentamers, the latter consisting of subunit pairs HoxU with HoxF, and HoxY with HoxH, and a fifth 19 kDa subunit HoxI, i.e. B protein, the HoxFU dimer is the NADH-dehydrogenase moiety, the HoxHY dimer is the hydrogenase moiety, overview
-
oligomer
-
heterotetrameric multifunctional enzyme showing both hydrogenase and diaphorase activities, subunits HoxHY form a heterodimer which is responsible for the hydrogenase activity with 56 kDa for HoxH and 26 kDa for HoxY, subunits HoxFU form a heterodimer which is responsible for the NADH-dehydrogenase, i.e. diaphorase activity
-
tetramer
-
1 * 65000 + 1 * 64000 + 1 * 20000 + 1 * 14000, SDS-PAGE
tetramer
-
1 * 67000 + 1 * 55000 + 1 * 26000 + 1 * 23000
tetramer
-
enzyme is composed of 4 Hox subunits, HoxF, HoxH, HoxU, and HoxY, with MWs of 67 kDa, 55 kDa, 26 kDa, and 23 kDa
tetramer
-
the catalytic subunit is termed HoxH
tetramer
-
1 * 64000 + 1 * 56000 + 1 * 31000 + 1 * 27000, native hydrogenase dissociates into two subunit dimers of 64000 Da and 1 * 31000 Da, and of 56000 Da and 27000 Da respectively, SDS-PAGE
tetramer
-
1 * 64000 + 1 * 56000 + 1 * 31000 + 1 * 27000, native hydrogenase dissociates into two subunit dimers of 64000 Da and 1 * 31000 Da, and of 56000 Da and 27000 Da respectively, SDS-PAGE
-
additional information
-
enzyme is composed of 4 subunits
additional information
-
enzyme is composed of 4 subunits
-
additional information
-
enzyme is composed of 4 subunits
additional information
-
structure analysis and subunit composition, HoxI is associated with the NADH-dehydrogenase moiety of the enzyme
additional information
-
subunits HoxHY form a heterodimer which is responsible for the hydrogenase activity, subunits HoxFU form a heterodimer which is responsible for the NADH-dehydrogenase or diaphorase activity
additional information
-
use of a reverse micelle system for study of oligomeric structure
additional information
-
structure analysis and subunit composition, HoxI is associated with the NADH-dehydrogenase moiety of the enzyme
-
additional information
-
use of a reverse micelle system for study of oligomeric structure
-
additional information
-
large dimer composed of 64000 Da and 31000 Da subunit contains 1 FMN, 1 [2Fe-2S] and 2 [4Fe-4S] cluster, diaphorase activity is located on large dimer, small dimer composed of 56000 Da and 27000 Da subunits contains 2 Ni and 1 [4Fe-4S]/[3Fe-xS] cluster, hydrogenase activity is localized on small dimer
additional information
-
enzyme is composed of 4 subunits
additional information
-
in low-salt buffer the tetrameric enzyme dissociates into 2 dimeric forms accompanied by the failure to reduce NAD+
additional information
-
large dimer composed of 64000 Da and 31000 Da subunit contains 1 FMN, 1 [2Fe-2S] and 2 [4Fe-4S] cluster, diaphorase activity is located on large dimer, small dimer composed of 56000 Da and 27000 Da subunits contains 2 Ni and 1 [4Fe-4S]/[3Fe-xS] cluster, hydrogenase activity is localized on small dimer
-
additional information
-
in low-salt buffer the tetrameric enzyme dissociates into 2 dimeric forms accompanied by the failure to reduce NAD+
-
additional information
the subunit HoxE, which is essential for the bidirectional hydrogenase activity, is included in a pentameric bidirectional hydrogenase complex HoxEFUYH in cyanobacteria, the complex forms dimer (HoxEFUYH)2, complex components are HoxE, HoxF, HoxH, HoxU, and HoxY, complex composition analysis, overview
additional information
the subunit HoxE, which is essential for the bidirectional hydrogenase activity, is included in a pentameric bidirectional hydrogenase complex HoxEFUYH of the cyanobacterial-type, complex components are HoxE, HoxF, HoxH, HoxU, and HoxY
additional information
-
the subunit HoxE, which is essential for the bidirectional hydrogenase activity, is included in a pentameric bidirectional hydrogenase complex HoxEFUYH of the cyanobacterial-type, complex components are HoxE, HoxF, HoxH, HoxU, and HoxY
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C461A
-
site-directed mutagenesis, catalytic subunit HoxH allele, mutant strain does not grow, inactive
D456N
-
site-directed mutagenesis, catalytic subunit HoxH allele, mutant strain does not grow, nearly inactive
D456S
-
site-directed mutagenesis, catalytic subunit HoxH allele, mutant strain does not grow, nearly inactive
E14Q
-
site-directed mutagenesis, catalytic subunit HoxH allele, mutant strain does not grow, inactive
E14V
-
site-directed mutagenesis, catalytic subunit HoxH allele, mutant strain does not grow, nearly inactive
G15A
-
site-directed mutagenesis, catalytic subunit HoxH allele, mutant strain does not grow, nearly inactive
H396L
-
site-directed mutagenesis, catalytic subunit HoxH allele, highly reduced activity compared to the wild-type strain
H396Q
-
site-directed mutagenesis, catalytic subunit HoxH allele, about 3.5fold reduced activity compared to the wild-type strain
H69Q
-
site-directed mutagenesis, catalytic subunit HoxH allele, about 5fold reduced activity compared to the wild-type strain
H69Q/P390A
-
site-directed mutagenesis, catalytic subunit HoxH alleles, reduced activity compared to the wild-type strain
I64A
-
site-directed mutagenesis, catalytic subunit HoxH allele, mutant strain does not grow, highly reduced activity compared to the wild-type strain
L118A
-
site-directed mutagenesis, catalytic subunit HoxH allele, reduced activity compared to the wild-type strain
L118F
-
site-directed mutagenesis, catalytic subunit HoxH allele, mutant strain does not grow at O2 concentrations above 5%, about 4fold reduced activity compared to the wild-type strain
L118I
-
site-directed mutagenesis, catalytic subunit HoxH allele, reduced activity compared to the wild-type strain
L394A
-
site-directed mutagenesis, catalytic subunit HoxH allele, about 5fold reduced activity compared to the wild-type strain
L394N
-
site-directed mutagenesis, catalytic subunit HoxH allele, mutant strain does not grow, nearly inactive
P390A
-
site-directed mutagenesis, catalytic subunit HoxH allele, about 5fold reduced activity compared to the wild-type strain
R12L
-
site-directed mutagenesis, catalytic subunit HoxH allele, mutant strain does not grow, highly reduced activity compared to the wild-type strain
R12Q
-
site-directed mutagenesis, catalytic subunit HoxH allele, mutant strain does not grow, highly reduced activity compared to the wild-type strain
R391L
-
site-directed mutagenesis, catalytic subunit HoxH allele, mutant strain does not grow, inactive
R391Q
-
site-directed mutagenesis, catalytic subunit HoxH allele, mutant strain does not grow, inactive
R60Q
-
site-directed mutagenesis, catalytic subunit HoxH allele, highly reduced activity compared to the wild-type strain
S68V
-
site-directed mutagenesis, catalytic subunit HoxH allele, highly reduced activity compared to the wild-type strain
T415S
-
site-directed mutagenesis, catalytic subunit HoxH allele, about 5fold reduced activity compared to the wild-type strain
T415V
-
site-directed mutagenesis, catalytic subunit HoxH allele, highly reduced activity compared to the wild-type strain
T415V/N415H
-
site-directed mutagenesis, catalytic subunit HoxH alleles, O2-sensitive growth, highly reduced activity compared to the wild-type strain
I64M
-
the mutation alters gas diffusion kinetics and improves O2 tolerance
I64M/L107M
-
the mutant shows strongly reduced activity compared to the wild type enzyme
I64M/L107M/L112M
-
the mutant shows strongly reduced activity compared to the wild type enzyme
I64M/L112M
-
the mutant shows strongly reduced activity compared to the wild type enzyme
L107F
-
the mutant shows reduced activity compared to the wild type enzyme
L107M/L112M
-
the mutant shows reduced activity compared to the wild type enzyme
L112F
-
the mutant shows strongly reduced activity compared to the wild type enzyme
L112M
-
the mutant shows slightly reduced activity compared to the wild type enzyme
H16L
-
site-directed mutagenesis, catalytic subunit HoxH allele, mutant strain does not grow, highly reduced activity compared to the wild-type strain
H16L
-
in the HoxH-mutant protein H16L, H2 oxidation is impaired, but H2 production occurrs via a stable Ni-C state (N(III)-(H-)-Fe(II))
additional information
-
construction of a HoxI deletion mutant enzyme, which shows different activation behaviour than the wild-type, it is not activated by and does not react with NADPH
additional information
-
construction of an inactive null mutant strain, mutant strain growth characteristics, overview
additional information
-
construction of a HoxI deletion mutant enzyme, which shows different activation behaviour than the wild-type, it is not activated by and does not react with NADPH
-
additional information
in-frame deletion of HoxE, deletion of HoxH
additional information
-
in-frame deletion of HoxE, deletion of HoxH
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Burgdorf, T.; De Lacey, A.L.; Friedrich, B.
Functional analysis by site-directed mutagenesis of the NAD+-reducing hydrogenase from Ralstonia eutropha
J. Bacteriol.
184
6280-6288
2002
Cupriavidus necator
brenda
Tran-Betcke, A.; Warnecke, U.; Bcker, C.; Zaborosch, C.; Friedrich, B.
Cloning and nucleotide sequences of the genes for the subunits of NAD-reducing hydrogenase of Alcaligenes eutrophus H16
J. Bacteriol.
172
2920-2929
1990
Cupriavidus necator, Cupriavidus necator H16 / ATCC 23440 / NCIB 10442 / S-10-1
brenda
Pfitzner, J.; Linke, H.A.B.; Schlegel, H.G.
Properties of the NAD-specific hydrogenase from Hydrogenomonas H 16
Arch. Mikrobiol.
71
67-78
1970
Hydrogenomonas sp., Hydrogenomonas sp. H16
brenda
Rohde, M.; Johannssen, W.; Mayer, F.
Immunocytochemical localization of the soluble NAD-dependent hydrogenase in cells of alcaligenes eutrophus
FEMS Microbiol. Lett.
36
83-86
1986
Cupriavidus necator
-
brenda
Hyman, M.R.; Arp, D.J.
Reversible and irreversible effects of nitric oxide on the soluble hydrogenase from Alcaligenes eutrophus H16
Biochem. J.
254
469-475
1988
Cupriavidus necator, Cupriavidus necator H16 / ATCC 23440 / NCIB 10442 / S-10-1
brenda
Hyman, M.R.; Fox, C.A.; Arp, D.J.
Role of hydrogen in the activation and regulation of hydrogen oxidation by the soluble hydrogenase from Alcaligenes eutrophus H16
Biochem. J.
254
463-468
1988
Cupriavidus necator
brenda
Popov, V.O.; Ovchinnikov, A.N.; Utkin, I.B.; Gazaryan, I.G.; Egorov, A.M.; Berezin, I.V.
Inactivation of the NAD-dependent hydrogenase from the hydrogen-oxidizing bacterium Alcaligenes eutrophus Z1: Thermoinactivation mechanism
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
831
297-301
1985
Cupriavidus necator, Cupriavidus necator Z1
-
brenda
Popov, V.O.; Gazaryan, I.G.; Egorov, A.M.; Berezin, I.V.
NAD-dependent hydrogenase from the hydrogen-oxidizing bacterium Alcaligenes eutrophum Z1. Kinetic studies of the NADH-dehydrogenase activity
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
827
466-471
1985
Cupriavidus necator, Cupriavidus necator Z1
-
brenda
Schneider, K.; Schlegel, H.G.
Purification and properties of soluble hydrogenase from Alcaligenes eutrophus H 16
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
452
66-80
1976
Cupriavidus necator, Cupriavidus necator H16 / ATCC 23440 / NCIB 10442 / S-10-1
brenda
Schneider, K.; Schlegel, H.G.
Localization and stability of hydrogenases from aerobic hydrogen bacteria
Arch. Microbiol.
112
229-238
1977
Cupriavidus necator, no activity in Alcaligenes paradoxus, no activity in Aquaspirillum autotrophicum, no activity in Corynebacterium autotrophicum, no activity in Paracoccus denitrificans, no activity in Pseudomonas facilis, no activity in Hydrogenophaga palleronii, Cupriavidus necator G27, Cupriavidus necator N9A, Cupriavidus necator b19, Cupriavidus necator H16 / ATCC 23440 / NCIB 10442 / S-10-1
brenda
Aggag, M.; Schlegel, H.G.
Studies on a gram-positive hydrogen bacterium, Nocardia opaca 1 b. III. Purification, stability and some properties of the soluble hydrogen dehydrogenase
Arch. Microbiol.
100
25-39
1974
Rhodococcus opacus, Rhodococcus opacus 1B
brenda
Schneider, K.; Schlegel, H.G.; Jochim, K.
Effect of nickel on activity and subunit composition of purified hydrogenase from Nocardia opaca 1 b
Eur. J. Biochem.
138
553-541
1984
Rhodococcus opacus, Rhodococcus opacus 1B
-
brenda
Schneider, K.; Cammack, R.; Schlegel, H.G.
Content and localization of FMN, Fe-S clusters and nickel in the NAD-linked hydrogenase of Nocardia opaca 1b
Eur. J. Biochem.
142
75-84
1984
Rhodococcus opacus, Rhodococcus opacus 1B
brenda
Petrov, R.R.; Utkin, I.B.; Popov, V.O.
Redox-dependent inactivation of the NAD-dependent hydrogenase from Alcaligenes eutrophus Z1
Arch. Biochem. Biophys.
268
298-305
1989
Cupriavidus necator, Cupriavidus necator Z1
brenda
Petrov, R.R.; Utkin, I.B.; Popov, V.O.
Effect of redox potential on the activation of the NAD-dependent hydrogenase from Alcaligenes eutrophus Z1
Arch. Biochem. Biophys.
268
287-297
1989
Cupriavidus necator, Cupriavidus necator Z1
brenda
Friedrich, C.G.; Suetin, S.; Lohmeyer, M.
Nickel and iron incoorporation into soluble hydrogenase of alcaligenes eutrophus
Arch. Microbiol.
140
206-211
1984
Cupriavidus necator, Cupriavidus necator H16 / ATCC 23440 / NCIB 10442 / S-10-1
-
brenda
Friedrich, C.G.; Schneider, K.; Friedrich, B.
Nickel in the catalytically active hydrogenase of Alcaligenes eutrophus
J. Bacteriol.
152
42-48
1982
Cupriavidus necator
brenda
Schneider, K.; Schlegel, H.G.
Production of superoxide radicals by soluble hydrogenase from Alcaligenes eutrophus H16
Biochem. J.
193
99-107
1981
Cupriavidus necator, Cupriavidus necator H16 / ATCC 23440 / NCIB 10442 / S-10-1
brenda
Schneider, K.; Cammack, R.; Schlegel, H.G.; Hall, D.O.
The iron-sulphur centres of soluble hydrogenase from Alcaligenes eutrophus
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
578
445-461
1979
Cupriavidus necator
brenda
Schneider, K.; Schlegel, H.G.
Identification and quantitative determination of the flavin component of soluble hydrogenase from Alcaligenes eutrophus
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.
84
564-571
1978
Cupriavidus necator
brenda
Grzeszik, C.; Ross, K.; Schneider, K.; Reh, M.; Schlegel, H.G.
Location, catalytic activity, and subunit composition of NAD-reducing hydrogenases of some Alcaligenes strains and Rhodococcus opacus MR22
Arch. Microbiol.
167
172-176
1997
Achromobacter denitrificans, Achromobacter denitrificans 4a-2, Achromobacter ruhlandii, Cupriavidus necator, Cupriavidus necator Cd2/01, Cupriavidus necator H16 / ATCC 23440 / NCIB 10442 / S-10-1, Rhodococcus opacus
brenda
Happe, R.P.; Roseboom, W.; Egert, G.; Friedrich, C.G.; Massanz, C.; Friedrich, B.; Albracht, S.P.
Unusual FTIR and EPR properties of the H2-activating site of the cytoplasmic NAD-reducing hydrogenase from Ralstonia eutropha
FEBS Lett.
466
259-263
2000
Cupriavidus necator
brenda
Porthun, A.; Bernhard, M.; Friedrich, B.
Expression of a functional NAD-reducing [NiFe] hydrogenase from the gram-positive Rhodococcus opacus in the gram-negative Ralstonia eutropha
Arch. Microbiol.
177
159-166
2002
Rhodococcus opacus, Rhodococcus opacus MR11
brenda
Rakhely, G.; Kovacs, A.T.; Maroti, G.; Fodor, B.D.; Csanadi, G.; Latinovics, D.; Kovacs, K.L.
Cyanobacterial-type, heteropentameric, NAD+-reducing NiFe hydrogenase in the purple sulfur photosynthetic bacterium Thiocapsa roseopersicina
Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
70
722-728
2004
Thiocapsa roseopersicina (Q6XQK5), Thiocapsa roseopersicina
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Hanczar, T.; Csaki, R.; Bodrossy, L.; Murrell, J.C.; Kovacs, K.L.
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