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1.1.1.195: cinnamyl-alcohol dehydrogenase

This is an abbreviated version!
For detailed information about cinnamyl-alcohol dehydrogenase, go to the full flat file.

Word Map on EC 1.1.1.195

Reaction

cinnamyl alcohol
+
NADP+
=
cinnamaldehyde
+
NADPH
+
H+

Synonyms

ADH, AdhA, alcohol dehydrogenase, AtCAD4, BdCAD1, Bmr6, Bradi3g06480, brown midrib6, Brown-midrib 1 protein, CAD, CAD 7/8, CAD1, CAD10, CAD11, CAD12, CAD13, CAD14, CAD15, CAD2, CAD3, CAD4, CAD5, CAD6, CAD7, CAD8, CAD9, CADH I, cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase, cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase 1, cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase 12, cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase 2, cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase 3, cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase 4, cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase 5, cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase 7, cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase 9, cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase C, cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenases, CtCAD1, CtCAD2, CtCAD3, dehydrogenase, cinnamyl alcohol, FC1, FLEXIBLE CULM1, HcCAD1, HcCAD2, LlCAD2, LtuCAD1, More, Mt-CAD1, Mt-CAD2, PhCAD1, PhCAD2, PhCAD3, PhCAD4, PtoCAD1, PtoCAD12, PtoCAD2, PtoCAD3, PtoCAD5, PtoCAD6, PtoCAD7, PtoCAD8, PtoCAD9, ScAdh6p, TaCAD12

ECTree

     1 Oxidoreductases
         1.1 Acting on the CH-OH group of donors
             1.1.1 With NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor
                1.1.1.195 cinnamyl-alcohol dehydrogenase

Expression

Expression on EC 1.1.1.195 - cinnamyl-alcohol dehydrogenase

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EXPRESSION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
drought stress causes 25% decrease in the transcript level of isoforms CAD3 in leaves, CAD4 in stems and CAD8 in roots. A reduced level of transcript is observed for isoforms CAD7 and CAD8 under cold stress (10°C). 25% or more reduction in the transcript level is observed after inoculation with Fusarium oxysporum sp. linii for isoform CAD6 and 8 in leaves, CAD4 in stems (66% decrease) and CAD6 (43% decrease) in roots. In stems and roots of plants 4 days after inoculation the silencing of isoform CAD expression is stronger, around 40% or more for: CAD1A and B, CAD4 and CAD5 in stems, CAD1A, LuCAD8, LuCAD4, LuCAD6 and LuCAD7
drought stress causes general increase in the transcript level of nearly all enzyme isoforms in all tissues in comparison to the control. The highest increase in the expression, around 2fold that of the control, is observed for isoforms CAD1A, CAD2, CAD5, CAD6 and CAD8 both in leaves and stems. In leaves, the increase in the mRNA level is observed for all enzyme isoforms under cold stress (10°C). The highest transcript accumulation was observed for CAD1B (5fold), CAD1A (4fold) and CAD2 (2fold). In stems, cold induces the expression of CAD1B and CAD1A (2fold) In roots, an increase in the expression of enzyme is observed for CAD5 (5times the control level) and CAD1B (3fold). UV radiation treatment causes increased expression of all analyzed isoforms in leaves, 21-69% more than in the control. Four days after inoculation with Fusarium oxysporum sp. linii, isoform CAD1A shows the highest increase of expression (over 30% more than the control). Also, the induction isoform CAD expression is observed in roots 24 h after inoculation (CAD1B and CAD5) and in stems 96 h after inoculation, where the mRNA level of isoform CAD2 increases 3fold, CAD6 6fold and CAD7 5fold
ethylene induces the expression of CmCADs
-
expression of isoform CAD3 is strongly up-regulated in tea plants after Ectropic oblique attack and mechanical damage. Presence of abscisic acid induces isoform CAD3 expression
gene transcripts are highly induced by cold, wounding, and reactive oxygen species. Promoter activity is strongly induced in response to the biotic and abiotic stresses, with the strongest inducer being wounding, and is also induced by salicylic acid and jasmonic acid as well as by abscisic acid and 6-benzylaminopurine
H2O2 and drought stress, and slightly also abscisic acid induce CAD1 expression
inoculation of sugarcane stems with Sporisorium scitamineum elicits lignification and produces significant increases of coniferyl alcohol dehydrogenase and sinapyl alcohol dehydrogenase
methyl jasmonate and salicylic acid elevate the expression of isoform CAD1
methyl jasmonate and salicylic acid elevate the expression of isoform CAD2
methyljasmonate, and drought stress suppress CAD1 expression
mRNA is highly expressed in stems at the elongation and heading stages. At the milky stage of wheat, CAD1 mRNA abundance, protein level and enzyme activity in stem tissues are higher in lodging-resistant cultivar H4546 than in lodging-sensitive cultivar C6001
presence of abscisic acid does not induce isoform CAD2 expression
presence of Zn2+ is essential for the expression of enzyme, as no expression is observed in absence of Zn2+
the CAD genes are strongly upregulated by methyljasmonate, transcriptome analysis, overview
-
the CAD genes are strongly upregulated by methyljasmonate, transcriptome analysis, overview. Accumulation of ptox and lignin in PhCAD1-4 isoforms overexpressing transgenic lines, overview
-
the enzyme expression is upregulated in roots, stems and leaves during cadmium treatment (0.03 mM)
-
the enzyme is induced by infection with Rhizoctonia cerealis, a necrotrophic fungus that causes the sharp eyespot disease in wheat. Transcriptional levels of TaCAD12 in sharp eyespot-resistant wheat lines are significantly higher compared with those in susceptible wheat lines
the expression of isoform CAD2 is induced by biotic and abiotic stresses such as Xanthomonas oryzaepv. oryzae infection and UV-irradiation
the expression of isoform CAD6 is induced by biotic and abiotic stresses such as Xanthomonas oryzaepv. oryzae infection and UV-irradiation
the expression of isoforms CAD1 and CAD2 is induced by methyl jasmonic acid treatment
the expression of PaCAD1 is induced by methyl jasmonic acid (MeJA) treatment by about 2fold
the expression of PaCAD2 is induced by methyl jasmonic acid (MeJA) treatment by up to 7fold
the expression of the enzyme gene is upregulated in silicon- and paclobutrazol-treated plants
the transcriptional levels of the enzyme in sharp eyespot-resistant wheat lines are significantly higher compared with those in susceptible wheat lines
treatment of seedling with exogenous abscisic acid, salicylic acid, ethephon, ultraviolet and wounding leads to increase in expression
wounding, cold, H2O2, salt, and drought stresses, salicylic acid, and abscisic acid induce CAD1 expression
wounding, methyljasmonate, and cold stress suppress CAD1 expression